2. ¿WHAT IS A NATURAL DISASTER?
• THE TERM NATURAL DISASTER
REFERS TO THE ENORMOUS MATERIAL
LOSSES AND HUMAN LIVES CAUSED
BY NATURAL EVENTS OR
PHENOMENA, SUCH AS
EARTHQUAKES, FLOODS, TSUNAMIS,
LANDSLIDES, AMONG OTHERS. … ON
THE OTHER HAND, SOME DISASTERS
ARE CAUSED SOLELY BY HUMAN
ACTIVITIES.
3. ¿WHAT IS A TSUNAMI?
• A TSUNAMI, SUNAMI OR TIDAL WAVE IS A
COMPLEX EVENT THAT INVOLVES A GROUP OF
WAVES IN A BODY OF WATER OF GREAT
ENERGY AND OF VARIABLE SIZE THAT ARE
PRODUCED WHEN A LARGE BODY OF WATER IS
DISPLACED VERTICALLY BY SOME
EXTRAORDINARY PHENOMENON, FOR
EXAMPLE, AN EARTHQUAKE , VOLCANIC
ERUPTION, UNDERWATER DETONATIONS,
LANDSLIDES, GLACIAL ICE SLIDES, METEORITE
IMPACTS AND OTHER EVENTS. UNLIKE NORMAL
OCEAN WAVES PRODUCED BY THE WIND, OR
TIDES, WHICH ARE GENERATED BY THE
GRAVITATIONAL PULL OF THE SUN AND ON
THE MOON, A TSUNAMI IS GENERATED BY THE
DISPLACEMENT OF WATER.
4. ¿WHAT IS THE LARGEST TSUNAMI IN
HISTORY?
• THE LITUYA BAY TSUNAMI WAS A
NATURAL DISASTER THAT OCCURRED
ON JULY 9, 1958 IN LITUYA BAY,
NORTHEAST OF THE GULF OF ALASKA.
A STRONG EARTHQUAKE OF
MAGNITUDE 8.3 CAUSED PRACTICALLY
AN ENTIRE MOUNTAIN TO COLLAPSE,
GENERATING A WALL OF WATER THAT
ROSE TO 525 METERS, BECOMING THE
LARGEST GIANT WAVE ON RECORD IN
THE WORLD, BEING CLASSIFIED AS THE
MEGATSUNAMI EVENT.
5. SAFETY MEASURES IN THE EVENT OF A
TSUNAMI ALERT
• 1.- STAY AWAY FROM LOW-LYING AND DANGEROUS COASTAL AREAS SUCH
AS BEACHES.
• 2.- TRY TO STAY AWAY FROM DANGEROUS AREAS WHILE THE ALERT LASTS
• 3.- BE CAREFUL WITH CHANGES IN SEA LEVEL.
• 4.-NEVER GO TO THE BEACH TO OBSERVE A TSUNAMI
• 5.- IN THE OPEN SEA, FAR FROM THE COAST, THE TSUNAMI WAVES ARE NOT
DESTRUCTIVE TO BOATS. IF YOU ARE SAILING IN A BOAT AND YOU FEEL A
STRONG EARTHQUAKE OR RECEIVE A TSUNAMI WARNING, DO NOT RETURN
TO PORT.
• 6.- BE ATTENTIVE TO THE NEWS THAT IS BROADCAST ON RADIO AND
TELEVISION DURING A TSUNAMI WARNING.
• 7.- AVOID PANIC IN CASE OF EVACUATION AND COOPERATE WITH THE
AUTHORITIES REGARDING THE INDICATIONS THEY PROVIDE TO ESCAPE TO
SAFE PLACES.
• 8.- IN PLACES WHERE THE TIME TO EVACUATE TO THE HIGHLANDS IS NOT
ENOUGH, THEY SHOULD TAKE REFUGE IN TALL BUILDINGS, MAKING SURE
THAT THE DOORS AND WINDOWS ARE OPEN FOR THE FREE CIRCULATION OF
WATER AND DO NOT AFFECT THE STRUCTURE.
• PREVENTIVE SIGNS IN CASE OF
TSUNAMI