This document discusses strategies to address childhood obesity through education and parental involvement. It summarizes data from several studies on childhood obesity rates and the relationship between physical activity, nutrition, and academic performance. The document advocates for strategies such as encouraging physical activity at school and home, limiting screen time, involving parents in children's exercise programs, and educating parents on healthy eating and monitoring their children's weight. It also cites international research finding that parental weight loss and breastfeeding support can help reduce childhood obesity risk.
2. FACTO
80% das crianças obesas podem tornar-se adultos,
também, obesos, sendo esta probabilidade ainda mais
elevada quando ocorre na adolescência
Andrew Midllebrook in PRACTICE 2008, Lisboa
8. PEARSON CORRELATION - CPSS
[n=84; 37 raparigas; 1º Ciclo]
(Bento, Banana & Furtado 2012)
[unpublished data]
Correlação Aptidão Aeróbia vs Correlação Aptidão Aeróbia vs
IMC %MG (Bioimpedância)
7 7
6 6
5 5
Aptidão Aeróbia (0 a 4)
Aptidão Aeróbia (0 a 4)
ρ=-0,15
4 4
ρ=-0,14
3 3
y = -0.090x + 3.348 y = -0.107x + 3.466
R² = 0.021 R² = 0.019
2 2
1 1
0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Percentis P3 a P97 (1 a 11) Percentis P2 a P98 (1 a 10)
9. H
HÁBITOS E OBESIDADE (1º E 2º CICLOS)
[n=455; 217 raparigas]
Prevalência de
Excesso de Peso
(adap. Costa et al, 2010) ou Obesidade
10. RECREIO vs DURAÇÃO E FREQUÊNCIA DAS HM
[n=30; 14 raparigas; 6-10 anos ]
Normoponderais Obesidade
(adap. Santos et al, 2010)
11. OVERWEIGHT, BODY IMAGE AND BULLYING
[n=4781; 11, 13 e 15 anos]
European Journal of Public Health
45 40.6
40
Exposure to bullying %
33.3
35 30.8
30
25
20 15.6 14.1
12.511.6 11.7 Boys
15 9.2 7.5
10 Girls
5
0
Much too A bit too About the A bit too Much too
thin thin right size fat fat
Body Image
(p=,000)
U-shaped pattern (adap. Brixval et al, 2011)
12. OVERWEIGHT, BODY IMAGE AND BULLYING
[n=4781; 11, 13 e 15 anos]
European Journal of Public Health
30 27.3
Exposure to bullying %
25
19.4
20 16.9 16.8
15
10.5 9.9 Boys
10 Girls
5
0
Normal weight Overweight Obese
Weiht Satus
(pboys=,012 ; pgirls=,001 ) (adap. Brixval et al, 2011)
13. JU
JUNK FOOD IN SCHOOLS = OBESITY??
[n= 19450; 5th to 8th]
35.40%
8th grade
87%
Obesity
school w/ junk food
39%
5th grade
60%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Instead of blaming schools, the focus should fall more squarely on parents
and on advertising.
(University of Pennsylvania, 2012)
14. NUTRIÇÃO ACTIVIDADE FÍSICA E A
ESCOLA
NUTRITION, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BOOST SCHOOL
PERFORMANCE (ACSM, 2006)
30%
25%
20%
15% 28% 29%
23% 23%
10%
11%
5%
0%
Reading Writing Math Citizenship Science
"Interventions to increase physical activity and improve nutrition may be an
effective method to improve student academic performance”
15. IMC vs PERCEPÇÃO PARENTAL
[n=495; 235 raparigas; 9-13 anos ]
100% Percepção
22,6%
90% Normoponderal
80%
70% 71,2%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Excesso de Peso Obesidade
(Kappa=0,343; 95%IC:0,267-0,419; p<0,001) (Silva et al, 2010)
16. OBESIDADE vs ESCOLARIDADE PARENTAL
[n=4803; 2508 raparigas; 2-15 anos ]
Escolaridade dos
pais
Prevalência de
Obesidade
Infanto-Juvenil
(adap. Miranda et al, 2010)
17. PEDIATRIC OBESITY RATES CURBED BY
PARENT-TRAINING INTERVENTION
15%
Reduction in overweight
10%
and obese children
5% 9%
0%
-5%
-16%
-10%
-15%
-20%
Parent Training Intervention Control Group
Group
"This study suggests that parents are in the ideal position to
influence the long-term dietary and physical activity of their
children,"
(adap. UCLA, 2012)
18. ESTRATÉGIAS E PROMOÇÃO DE AF
Children tend to be more active during schooldays than
at week-ends (Brettschneider & Naul, 2004)
19. ESTRATÉGIAS E PROMOÇÃO DE AF
• Os pais:
– Dar um bom exemplo sendo
fisicamente activos
– Elogiar, mostrar interesse e
encorajar
– Envolver-se nos programas
de actividades na escola
e/ou comunidade
– Encorajar as crianças a
serem activas em casa
– Transporte SÓ o necessário
20. EXEMPLO NORTE AMERICANO
“cookery classes” for
parents and their children
within school community
programmes, applying
“learning by doing” to
enhance their “calorie
awareness” and restrict
and modify their nutritional
consumption.
21. ESTRATÉGIAS E PROMOÇÃO DE AF
• Os pais (cont.):
– Restringir TV a um n.º
limitado de horas/sem
– + TV se mais tempo EM
– Informar-se na escola
sobre a
saúde, IMC, deficiências
motoras…
– Actividades Familiares
When parents spend money on their children’s holidays and
trips they should pay attention to the exercise and sport
programmes in the brochures (ACE, 2006)
22. CITAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS
• The researchers concluded that clinicians should focus on encouraging
parents to lose weight to help their overweight or obese child in weight
management.
• "Breast-feeding support represents an important clinical and public
health strategy to reduce the risk of childhood obesity,"
• 72 %of parents have bought things like chocolate, sweets, crisps and
sugary drinks or cereals in the last month when they didn’t intend to,
after being pestered by their child
• "the mother is the family member who best knows the nutritional
needs of children and has the strongest nutritional knowledge for the
preparation of children's meals"
23. CITAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS
• Strategies that have been linked to better outcomes include:
– As a family, identify specific behaviors that should be changed.
– Set goals and monitor progress. The goals should be clearly defined, such as reducing or
limiting television screen time to no more than two hours per day.
– Provide a home environment that encourages healthier choices. For example, limit
temptations at home, such as higher calorie desserts, while providing access to a variety
of fruits from which children can choose.
– Parents should praise their children's progress and, instead of criticizing, use "slips" as
an opportunity to help children identify ways to make different choices if the same
situation arises again.
– Food shouldn't be a reward or withheld as punishment.
– Keep track of progress toward goals, using a written or online tracker.
