1. SKS 1362 : INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
SEM 1 SESI 2016 / 2017
CHAPTER 4 :SYSTEM UNIT COMPONENTS
QUESTIONS
1. How are various styles of system units on desktop computers, notebook computers,
and mobile devices different?
2. What are chips, adapter cards, and other components of the motherboard?
3. What are the control unit and arithmetic logic unit components of a processor, and
what are the four steps in a machine cycle?
4. What are the characteristics of various personal computer processors, and how are
processors cooled?
5. What is a bit, and how does a series of bits represent data?
6. How do program instructions transfer in and out of memory?
7. What are the various types of memory?
8. What are the purpose and types of expansion slots and adapter cards, and what are
the different slots for flash memory devices?
9. What is the difference between a port and a connector, and what are the differences
among the various types of ports?
10. What are the types of buses in a computer?
11. What is the purpose of a power supply, and how does it keep cool?
12. How do you clean a system unit on a personal computer or mobile device?
2. ANSWER
1. The inside of the system, unit on a desktop personal computer includes Drive Bay,
Power Supply, Sound Card, Video Card, Processor, and Memory.
2. A computer chip is a small piece of semiconducting material, usually silicon on
which intergrated circuits are etched. Adapter cards are circuit boards that provide
connections and funtions not built into the motherboard or expand on the capability
of feature intergrated into the motherboard. An intergrated circuit contains many
microscopis pathways capable of carrying electrical current . Each intergrated
circuit can contain millions of elements such as resistors, capacitors and transistors.
3. The control unit is the component of the processor the direct and coordinates most
of the operations in the computer. The arithmetic logic unit is another component of
the processer , perform arithmetic, comparison and other operation. A processer
repeats a set of four basic operations which comprise a machine cycle, fetching,
decoding, executing and storing.
4. A processor core or simply core contains the circuitry necessary to execute
instructions. A multi-core processor is a single chip with two or more separate
processor cores. A dual-core processor is a chip that contains two separate
processor cores. A quad-core processoris a chip with four separate processor cores.
Heat sinks pipes and liquid cooling technologies often are used to help dissipate
processor heat. A heat sink is a small ceramic or metal component with fins on its
surface that absobs and disperse heat produced by electrical components such as a
processor. Liquis cooling technology uses a continous flow of fluid such as water
and glycol in a process that transfers the heated fluid away from the processor to a
3. radiator-type grill which cools the liquid and then return the cooled fluid to the
processor .
5. A bit is the smallest unit of data the computer can process. By itself, a bit is not very
informative. When 8 bits are grouped together as a unit, they form a byte. They
represent data by the combinations of 0s and 1s that represent characters are
defined by patterns called a coding scheme. In one coding scheme, the number 6 as
00110110, and the capital letter E as 01000101. ASCII is the most widely used
coding scheme to represent data.
6. Step 1 – Start the computer certain operating system files are loaded into RAM from
the hard disk. The operating system displays the user interface on the screen.
Step 2- Start a Web browser the programs instructions are loaded into RAM from
the hard disk. The Web browser are certain operating system instructions are in
RAM. The Web browser window appears on the screen.
Step 3 – Start paint program the program instructions are loaded into RAM from the
hard disk. The paint program, along with the Web browser and certain operating
system instructions, are in RAM. The paint program window appears on the screen.
Step 4 – Quit a program such as the Web browser its program instructions are
removed from RAM. The Web browser no longer is displayed on the screen.
7. The system unit contains two types of memory ; volatile and nonvolatile. When the
computer’s power is turned off, volatile memory loses its contents. Nonvolatile
memory , by contrast, does not lose its contents when power is removed from the
computer.
4. 8. An expansion slot is a socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card. An
adapter card sometimes called an expansion card is a circuit board that enhances
functions of a component of the system unit and provides connections to
peripherals. CableCARD, allows viewing of digital cable television channels. Disk
controller, connects disk drives. FireWire, connects to FireWire devices. HDTV
tuner, allows viewing of HDTV broadcasts on the monitor. MIDI , connects musical
instruments.
9. A port is the point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates eith a system
unit so that the peripheral can send data to or to receives information from the
computer. A connector joins a cable to a port. The difference of various of port is
notice that many are color-coded to help you match the connector to the correct
port. Certain adapter card have ports that allow you attach a peripheral to the
adapter card.
10. A computer has these basic types of buses : a system bus possibly a backside bus
and an expansion bus.
