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PLATNI BILANS
Amira Čolak
Pojam platnog bilansa
• Platni bilans - sistemski dvostrani
pregled (popis) SVIH ekonomskih
transakcija obavljenih između
rezidenata i nerezidenata u
određenom vremenskom periodu -
najčešće u jednoj godini.
• Osnovni cilj- da se vlada obavijesti o
stanju zaduženosti zemlje i da joj se
pomogne u formulisanju mjera
monetarne,fiskalne i spoljnotrgovinske
politike).
Pojmovi u platnom bilansu
• Cjelokupna robna razmjena se agregira u nekoliko
kategorija.
• Prikazuje se samo neto pozicija svakog tipa
međunarodnog kretanja kapitala.
• Uključuje transakcije u koje inostrani rezidenti nisu
direktno uključeni.
Pojmovi u platnom bilansu
Međunarodna transakcija obuhvata:
• Međunarodno kretanje robe,
• međunarodno kretanje usluga
• međunarodno kretanje novca i kapitala,
• međunarodni transfer tehnologije i
• međunarodnu migraciju radne snage.
Pojmovi u platnom bilansu
• Pojam rezidenta
• Platni bilans ima vremensku dimenziju.
• Potražnja – transakcije vezane za priliv novca.
• Dugovanja - transakcije koje su vezane za odliv novca
po osnovu plaćanja strancima.
• Priliv kapitala - rast inostrane aktive u zemlji ili
smanjenje domaće aktive u inostranstvu.
• Odliv kapitala –rast domaće aktive u inostranstvu ili
smanjenje strane aktive u zemlji.
Princip dvojnog knjigovodstva
• Transakcije se bilježe kao dugovanja, a zatim kao
potraživanja.
• Suma svih potraživanja je jednaka sumi svih dugovanja
• Neophodno je:
1. Svaku pojedinačnu transakciju evidentirati u prilivnoj i
odlivnoj strani.
2. Vrijednost svake transakcije mora biti ista i na prilivnoj i
odlivnoj strani.
3. Vrijeme evidentiranja mora biti isto.
Platni bilans Crne Gore
• Centralna banka izrađuje statistiku platnog bilansa Crne
Gore. Platni bilans Crne Gore se kompilira u skladu sa
metodologijom Međunarodnog monetarnog fonda (IMF
Balance of Payments and International Investment
Position Manual, 6th edition, 2009) i regulativama EU u
oblasti platnog bilansa. Podaci se objavljuju kvartalno u
eurima.
Platni bilans Crne Gore
• Crna Gora, tradicionalno ostvaruje deficit na tekućem
računu, dok je saldo na kapitalnom i finansijskom računu
uvijek pozitivan, s tim što je, posmatrano u apsolutnim
iznosima
• Tekući račun platnog bilansa zbraja sve prodaje i
kupovine tekuće proizvedenih dobara i usluga, dohodaka
od investiranja i jednostranih transfera i daje vezu
između međunarodnih transakcija i nacionalnog dohotka
zemlje.
Platni bilans Crne Gore
• Promjena vrijednosti aktive određene zemlje u
inostranstvu i inostrane aktive u određenoj zemlji osim
zvanične rezervne aktive daje kapitalni bilans.
• Sve transakcije u ovim bilansima su autonomne.
• Transakcije prilagođavanja prate se u bilansu
poravnanja- namijenjene uravnoteženju platnog bilansa.
Platni bilans Crne Gore
• Promjena vrijednosti aktive određene zemlje u
inostranstvu i inostrane aktive u određenoj zemlji osim
zvanične rezervne aktive daje kapitalni bilans.
• Sve transakcije u ovim bilansima su autonomne.
• Transakcije prilagođavanja prate se u bilansu
poravnanja- namijenjene uravnoteženju platnog bilansa.

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Platni bilans - Amira Čolak

  • 2. Pojam platnog bilansa • Platni bilans - sistemski dvostrani pregled (popis) SVIH ekonomskih transakcija obavljenih između rezidenata i nerezidenata u određenom vremenskom periodu - najčešće u jednoj godini. • Osnovni cilj- da se vlada obavijesti o stanju zaduženosti zemlje i da joj se pomogne u formulisanju mjera monetarne,fiskalne i spoljnotrgovinske politike).
  • 3. Pojmovi u platnom bilansu • Cjelokupna robna razmjena se agregira u nekoliko kategorija. • Prikazuje se samo neto pozicija svakog tipa međunarodnog kretanja kapitala. • Uključuje transakcije u koje inostrani rezidenti nisu direktno uključeni.
  • 4. Pojmovi u platnom bilansu Međunarodna transakcija obuhvata: • Međunarodno kretanje robe, • međunarodno kretanje usluga • međunarodno kretanje novca i kapitala, • međunarodni transfer tehnologije i • međunarodnu migraciju radne snage.
  • 5. Pojmovi u platnom bilansu • Pojam rezidenta • Platni bilans ima vremensku dimenziju. • Potražnja – transakcije vezane za priliv novca. • Dugovanja - transakcije koje su vezane za odliv novca po osnovu plaćanja strancima. • Priliv kapitala - rast inostrane aktive u zemlji ili smanjenje domaće aktive u inostranstvu. • Odliv kapitala –rast domaće aktive u inostranstvu ili smanjenje strane aktive u zemlji.
  • 6. Princip dvojnog knjigovodstva • Transakcije se bilježe kao dugovanja, a zatim kao potraživanja. • Suma svih potraživanja je jednaka sumi svih dugovanja • Neophodno je: 1. Svaku pojedinačnu transakciju evidentirati u prilivnoj i odlivnoj strani. 2. Vrijednost svake transakcije mora biti ista i na prilivnoj i odlivnoj strani. 3. Vrijeme evidentiranja mora biti isto.
  • 7. Platni bilans Crne Gore • Centralna banka izrađuje statistiku platnog bilansa Crne Gore. Platni bilans Crne Gore se kompilira u skladu sa metodologijom Međunarodnog monetarnog fonda (IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, 6th edition, 2009) i regulativama EU u oblasti platnog bilansa. Podaci se objavljuju kvartalno u eurima.
  • 8. Platni bilans Crne Gore • Crna Gora, tradicionalno ostvaruje deficit na tekućem računu, dok je saldo na kapitalnom i finansijskom računu uvijek pozitivan, s tim što je, posmatrano u apsolutnim iznosima • Tekući račun platnog bilansa zbraja sve prodaje i kupovine tekuće proizvedenih dobara i usluga, dohodaka od investiranja i jednostranih transfera i daje vezu između međunarodnih transakcija i nacionalnog dohotka zemlje.
  • 9. Platni bilans Crne Gore • Promjena vrijednosti aktive određene zemlje u inostranstvu i inostrane aktive u određenoj zemlji osim zvanične rezervne aktive daje kapitalni bilans. • Sve transakcije u ovim bilansima su autonomne. • Transakcije prilagođavanja prate se u bilansu poravnanja- namijenjene uravnoteženju platnog bilansa.
  • 10. Platni bilans Crne Gore • Promjena vrijednosti aktive određene zemlje u inostranstvu i inostrane aktive u određenoj zemlji osim zvanične rezervne aktive daje kapitalni bilans. • Sve transakcije u ovim bilansima su autonomne. • Transakcije prilagođavanja prate se u bilansu poravnanja- namijenjene uravnoteženju platnog bilansa.