1. ‫اﻟﺸﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬
‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬
‫اﻟﺴﻔﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬:-‫ﺳﻼﻣﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫وﺑﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺎت‬ ‫ھﻨﺪﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﻤﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫وﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮى‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺸﺎط‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﺪور‬ ‫وﺣﻮﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫او‬ ‫.أﺷﺨﺎص‬
‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬:-
‫ﻣ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮى‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻛﯿﺰة‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬‫ﺗﺘﻨﻮع‬ ‫ان‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫وأﺷﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻤﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺟﮫ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫رﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ‬:
١-‫اﻟﺮﻛﺎب‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬.
٢-‫اﻟﺠﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬.
٣-‫اﻟﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬.
٤-‫اﻟﻐﺎزات‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬.
٥-‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬.
٦-‫ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻏﺮاض‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬.
‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬ ‫ﯾﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﻤﺎ‬ ‫وﻧﻮرد‬‫اﻷﻧﻮاع‬:
‫اﻟﺮﻛﺎب‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ : ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أو‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫وﻣﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺮدد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻮاﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫أﺣﺠﺎﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬‫ﻋﺪد‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻮﻟﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺠﺎوز‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺻﻐﯿﺮ‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪود‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﺮﺣﻼت‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﯿﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫وﺳﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺻﻔﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺣﺔ‬ ‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﮭﺰة‬ ‫اﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﯿﻄﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺑﺮات‬ ‫وﻣﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﺷﺨﺎص‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﺨﻢ‬‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﯾﺔ‬ ‫ووﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺒﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﻤﺎﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺘﻮﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﯾﻜﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻛﺎب‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
‫ﻟﺸﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬ ‫وأﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺟﺎت‬ ‫وﻓﺮاﻏﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺮاﻏﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻛﺜﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﯾﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺮات‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻞ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﮭﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺰدوﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫وھﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻛﺎب‬ ‫(.ﺳﯿﺎرات‬SIMI-CARGO)
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎ‬ (FERRIES) ‫واﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻛﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫وﺗﻘﻮم‬ ‫ﺻﻐﯿﺮة‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻮﻟﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺪﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎوزا‬ ‫وﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺸﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫وﺟﺰر‬ ‫اﻟﯿﻮﻧﺎن‬ ‫ﺟﺰر‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺠﺎورة‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻧﻰ‬ ‫او‬ ‫ﺑﻠﺪان‬ ‫.ﺑﯿﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ :‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿﺎ‬
‫ﯾﺄﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وان‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ھﺬا‬‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺤﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺷﻜﺎﻻ‬-:
DRY CARGO SHIP ١- ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
BLUK CARRIERS ٢- ‫اﻟﺼﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
SPICIALLISED ٣- ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
١-‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮط‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫وھﺬه‬–‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﺎدة‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻣﺰدوج‬
‫اﺳﻄﺢ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻻن‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺻﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﮭﯿﻞ‬ MULTI DECKERS ‫اﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫او‬ DECKERS
‫اﻟﺦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻت‬ ‫او‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﻣﯿﻞ‬ ‫او‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺗﻮﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺒﺄ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬

2. ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫وﺗﺘﻤﯿﺰ‬
‫اﻟﺨ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻻرﺗﺒﺎﻃﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮط‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻻن‬ ‫ﺻﯿﺎﻧﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺘﮭﺎ‬‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻄﻮط‬
SALING SCHEDULES ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻤﺎت‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫اﻷﺣﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﺑﺤﺎرات‬ ‫ﺑﺠﺪاول‬
‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫وﺳﻔﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎرات‬
‫اﻟﺜﻼﺟﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫وﺳﻔﻦ‬ CONTAINERS ‫اﻟﺤﺎوﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫وﺳﻔﻦ‬ L.A..S.H.SHIP ‫اﻟﻤﻮاﻋﯿﻦ‬ .REEFERS
2- ‫اﻟﺼﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫وھﺬا‬‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﯿﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻤﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻮاﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺒﻮب‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬ ‫وھﻰ‬ TRIMMING ‫اﻟﺴﮭﻤﺪة‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﮭﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺮد‬
‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﺧﯿﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫واﻟﺸﻌﯿﺮ‬ ‫.واﻟﺬرة‬
‫اﻟﺤﺒﻮب‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ : ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬
‫او‬ (GRAIN FITTED) ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﯿﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻤﻢ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬‫ﯾﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وھﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺒﻮب‬
‫ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﺒﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ‬ ‫او‬ (FEEDERS) ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺠﮭﯿﺰات‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺘﻌﺎض‬
‫اﺟﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺒﺄة‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺌﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﮭﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫.او‬ (DUNNAGE)
‫اﻷﺧﺮى‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ : ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬
‫اﻟﺘﻔﺮﯾﻎ‬ ‫وإﻋﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﮭﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻼب‬ ‫ﻣﺠﮭﺰة‬ ‫أﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫.ﺗﻜﻮن‬
٣-‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬:
‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺤﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﻌﺎ‬ ‫:وﻧﻮردھﺎ‬
(RO-RO...ROLLON/ROLL-OFF) ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎرات‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ -‫أ‬
‫ا‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫ذو‬ ‫ﺟﺮاج‬ ‫ھﯿﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻮاﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎرات‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﯿﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ‬ ‫وھﻰ‬‫ﻟﺘﺴﮭﯿﻞ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫اﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫و‬
‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫أﺛﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺮض‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﺧﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎرات‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺜﺒﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﮭﯿﺰات‬ ‫وﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎرات‬ ‫وﺗﻔﺮﯾﻎ‬ ‫ﺷﺤﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺪرج‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎزا‬ ‫وﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬
(CAR CARRIERS) ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎرات‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬
(L.A.S.H…LIGHTERS ALONGSIDE SHIP)
‫اﻟﻤﻮاﻋﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ -‫ب‬
‫ﺗﻌﺒﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺒﻮب‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﺘﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻮاﻋﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺰودة‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫وھﺬه‬
‫ﯾﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﻛﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻮر‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺸﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺎھﺰة‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﺤﯿﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫وﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫وﺗﺠﮭﯿﺰھﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاﻋﯿﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻔﺮﯾﻎ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻰء‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫وﺟﮭﺪا‬ ‫وﻗﺘﺎ‬
(REEFERS) ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺟﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ -‫ج‬
‫ﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬ ‫وھﻰ‬‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻠﺰم‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺮﯾﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻘﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫وھﺬه‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎن‬ ‫وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬ ‫واﻷﺳﻤﺎك‬ ‫واﻟﻠﺤﻮم‬ ‫واﻟﺨﻀﺮاوات‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻮاﻛﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺘﻔﺎوت‬ ‫ﻋﺎزﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻮاد‬ ‫ﻣﻤﮭﺪة‬ ‫ﺣﻮاﺋﻂ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫وﻋﻨﺎﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﻣﺰودة‬
‫.اﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ‬
(CATTLE CARRIERS) ‫اﻟﺤﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎﺷﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ -‫د‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻤﺮات‬ ‫ﺗﺠﮭﺰ‬ ‫أﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﮭﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺰودة‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺑﺮھﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫وﺗﺘﻤﯿﺰ‬
‫اﻟﺤﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﯿﻮاﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫.وﺗﻘﻮم‬
(CONTAINERS SHIPS)

3. ‫اﻟﺤﺎوﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ -‫ه‬
‫اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮط‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺬات‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫اﺣﺪث‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎوﯾﺔ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫وھﻰ‬‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺮﯾﻎ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﯾﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﻠﺔ‬
‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻋﯿﻮب‬ ‫ﺗﻼﻓﻰ‬ ‫ذاﺗﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫وﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺮق‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺰاﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺘﮭﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺮﺑﺎت‬ ‫او‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻜﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﯿﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﺰاﯾﺎ‬ ‫وأﺑﺮز‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺮق‬‫أﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫او‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﺪ‬ ‫او‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺴﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺮﯾﻎ‬ ‫او‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺪس‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻠﻞ‬.
٤-‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻼت‬
‫اﻟﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻠﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﯾﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫وﻣﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﺦ‬ ‫وآﻻت‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻮاﺳﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﮭﺎرﯾﺞ‬ ‫ھﯿﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫وﺗﺘﻤﯿﺰ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗ‬ ‫وﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫اھﺘﺰاز‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫وﻣﺠﮭﺰة‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻮاﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﺰﯾﻮت‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺤﻮم‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﯿﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻼت‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫وھﺬا‬ ‫وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺘﺮول‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﯿﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﺗﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻇﺮوف‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻤﯿﺪھﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﻮﻟﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻼ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻢ‬ ‫وھﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻼت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺧﯿﺮ‬‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮط‬ ‫واﻟﺬرة‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﻘﻤﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺒﻮب‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ت‬
‫ﻧﻈﯿﻔﺔ‬ ‫.اﻟﺼﮭﺎرﯾﺞ‬
٥-‫اﻟﻐﺎزات‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﻧﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻌﯿﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺘﺎج‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎزات‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫وھﺬا‬
‫اﻹﻧﺘﺎج‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﯾﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اﻧﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪت‬ ‫وإذا‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﺎﺑﯿﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﺘﻢ‬
‫أوروﺑﺎ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫وﯾﺼﺪر‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮ‬ ‫أﺑﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺬى‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﺎز‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎل‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺜﯿﻔﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة‬ ‫.واﻟﻮﻻﯾﺎت‬
٦-‫ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻏﺮاض‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
ً‫ﺼ‬‫ﺧﺼﯿ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﮭﺰ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫وھﺬا‬‫اﺟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻧﺸﺌﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺬى‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺮض‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻨﮭﺎ‬:
١-‫اﻟﺜﻠﻮج‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻄﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬.٢-‫واﻟﺠﺮ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﻘﺎذ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
٣-‫اﻟﺠﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷرﺻﺎد‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬٤-‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺑﺤﺎث‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
٥-‫اﻟﺼﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬٦-‫اﻟﺤﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬
٧-‫اﻟﻨﺰھﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬٨-‫اﻟﺒﺮق‬ ‫أﺳﻼك‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
‫وﺗﺨﺘﻠ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﮭﯿﺰات‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻓﮭﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬‫ﺗﺘﻤﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﻓﮭﻰ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻒ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎورة‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﺎءة‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺎﺋﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬.