4. 1.
Davenport,
England
50°N, 4°W
“The object of the expedition was to complete the survey of
Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, commenced under Captain King
in 1826 to 1830 - to survey the shores of Chile, Peru, and of some
islands in the Pacific - and to carry a chain of chronometrical
measurements round the World”
December 27, 1831
6. 2.
Porto Praya,
Cape Verde
“The island would generally be considered as very uninteresting;
14°N, 23°W but to anyone accustomed only to an English landscape, the
novel aspect of an utterly sterile land possesses a grandeur
which more vegetation might spoil”
January 16, 1832
8. 3.
Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
23°S, 43°W
“The whole sea was in places furrowed by them; and a most
extraordinary spectacle was presented, as hundreds, proceeding
together by jumps, in which their whole bodies were exposed, thus
cut the water”
July 5th, 1832
10. 4.
Tierra del Fuego,
Argentina
55°S, 73°W
A group of Fuegians partly concealed by the entangled forest,
were perched on a wild point overhanging the sea; and as we
passed by, they sprang up and waving their tattered cloaks sent
forth a loud and sonorous shout. The savages followed the ship,
and just before dark we saw their fire, and again heard their wild
cry.
December 17, 1832
12. 5.
Maldonado,
Uruguay
About fifty years ago, under the old Spanish government, a small
34°S, 54°W colony was established here; and it is still the most southern
position (lat. 41°) on this eastern coast of America, inhabited by
civilized man.
July 24, 1833
16. 7.
Port St. Julian,
Argentina
49°S, 67°W
What a history of geological changes does the simply-constructed
coast of Patagonia reveal!
January 19, 1834
18. 8.
Bay of S. Carlos,
Chile
42°S, 73°W
At midnight the sentry observed something like a large star, which gradually
increased in size till about three o'clock, when it presented a very
magnificent spectacle. By the aid of a glass, dark objects, in constant
succession, were seen, in the midst of a great glare of red light, to be thrown
up and to fall down
January 15, 1835
20. 9.
Valdivia,
Chile
39°N, 73°W
“The great shock took place at the time of low water; and an old woman who
was on the beach told me that the water flowed very quickly, but not in great
waves, to high-water mark, and then as quickly returned to its proper level;
this was also evident by the line of wet sand.”
February 20, 1835
22. 10.
Concepcion,
Chile
37°S, 72°W
“The whole coast being strewed over with timber and furniture as if a
thousand ships had been wrecked. Besides chairs, tables, book-shelves,
etc., in great numbers”
March 4, 1835
24. 11.
Galapagos
Islands
0°S, 4°W
“...somewhat like that of a starling, and that of the fourth sub-group,
Camarhynchus, is slightly parrot-shaped. Seeing this graduation and
diversity of structure in one small, intimately related group of birds, one might
really fancy that from an original paucity of birds in this archipelago, one
species had been taken and modified for different ends...”
September 15, 1835
25. 12.
Tahiti Island,
French Polynesia
17°S, 149°W
26. 12.
Tahiti Island,
French Polynesia
17°S, 149°W
“As soon as we anchored in Matavai Bay, we were surrounded by canoes....”
November 15, 1835
28. 13.
Sydney,
Australia
33°S, 151°E
“Beautiful villas and nice cottages are here and there scattered along the
beach. In the distance stone houses, two and three stories high, and
windmills standing on the edge of a bank, pointed out to us the
neighborhood of the capital of Australia”
January 12, 1836
30. 14.
Cocos Islands
12°S, 96°E
“This is one of the lagoon-islands (or atolls) of coral formation, similar to
those in the Low Archipelago which we passed near..”
April 1, 1836
32. 15.
Port Louis,
Mauritius
“When approaching the anchorage there was one striking view: an irregular
20°S, 57°E
castle perched on the summit of a lofty hill, and surrounded by a few
scattered fir-trees, boldly projected against the sky....”
May 9, 1836
34. 16.
Ascension
8°S, 14°W
“A principal mound in the centre of the island, seems the father of the lesser
cones. It is called Green Hill”
July 19, 1836
36. 17.
Falmouth,
England
50°N, 5°W
“...On the 2nd of October we made the shore, of England; and at Falmouth I
left the Beagle, having lived on board the good little vessel nearly five
years...”
October 2, 1836
37. The Discoveries
This proved important because it gave Darwin a good idea about
Discovery of the buried animal bones in Buenos Aires, Argentina. the animals before his time and how animals as a whole have
changed/do change.
Showing that not only do animals change but also their
Recording of geological changes in the Port of St. Julian. surrounding environments, therefore the need to adapt to ones
surroundings.
Changed Darwin’s perception on the earth a little bit, made him
Experiencing an earthquake for the first time in Valdivia, Chile. question its solidity etc. if in one moment it could shake as
violently as that.
Much like in Valdivia, Darwin experiences first hand the effects
Studying the effects of an earthquake in Concepcion, Chile.
the earth can have.
This is a pivotal point in Darwin’s formulating of his theory. This is
Recording the finches’ different beaks on the Galapagos. significant because it shows Darwin directly the changes made by
species according to their location in order to better survive.
This was almost just as important as the finches observation
because it showed Darwin that in a place were the tortoises have
Abnormally large tortoises on Galapagos Islands.
had no real predator ever they have been able to grow to an
extreme size, to adapt to their environment.
The diversity of species astounded Darwin and he noted down
the differences between animals on the South American Coast
Distinction of species on the Galapagos.
and the Galapagos, this helped develop the idea that there were
different types of animals in different environments.
39. Intro
Charles Darwin was born on the 12th of February, 1809 in
Shropshire, England. He was one of 6 children in a wealthy
family, his father was a doctor and wanted Darwin to follow
suite, but Darwin was much more interested in the natural
world and what it had to offer. When he was 22 he was
given an opportunity to depart on a two year voyage aboard
the HMS Beagle to explore and plot the South American
coastline. This trip would turn into a 5 year period where
Darwin would eventually gather evidence to support one of
the greatest theories in science, the theory of Evolution.
Throughout the trip Darwin recorded everything he saw and
all the changes he witnessed (Later to become the Origin of
the Species). Because of his notice of difference in beaks of
the Finches in the Galapagos, or the study of fossilized
animal bones and even his geographical observations,
Darwin formulated the theory that unifies the life sciences.
40. Evidence
Adaptations (Finches Beaks):
When on the Galapagos islands Darwin made a
very important and fascination discovery,
depending on where the Finches came from, they
had different beaks. What this meant is that they
were adapting to their particular environment. For
example Finches that lived on an island with more
nuts than say insects might have a medium-large
sized beak for breaking them open. Then on a very
rocky island where its hard to get to the insects, the
birds may have smaller and longer beaks to reach
between the rocks. Darwin didn't just see
adaptations in birds, he saw them in plants and
other animals as well.
41. Evidence
Changes over Time (Old Animal Bones):
When Darwin studied the fossils of large animals in
Buenos Aires he compared them to animals at his
time period and realized how they have changed.
The Animals were several, if not more, centuries
years old and throughout that time they had
probably changed dramatically, adaptation, natural
selection and evolution all took place and thats why
they looked different.
42. Evidence
Differences in animals (According to location):
During his trip darwin observed several differences
between the animals on the South American
Coastline and animals on the Galapagos. He
noticed that according to where they were they
had different adaptations. For example the tortoises
on the Galapagos had no real predators, so
overtime they adapted and grew enormous in size
compared to their South American counterparts.
43. Evidence
Difference in people
(according to location):
While on his five year journey
Darwin not only noticed
differences in animals but
also in people. Wether it was
Natives in Tierra del Fuego
or the people in all of the
towns he visited he noticed
that they were different.
Either in skin color or in
appearance or in height.
Because of this it is also
known that we as humans
evolved as well. We adapted
to our environments and
natural selection took place.
