Netherlands, Sept 2013. Foresight and choices for 21st Century learning
1. Foresight and choices
for 21st Century learning
Erasmus University Rotterdam
Delft University of Technology
Prof Alejandro Armellini
University of Northampton
20 September 2013
2. Structure
• Part 1: Context and principles
• Part 2: Design for student engagement, deliver for
participation (Carpe Diem)
• Part 3: Learning and teaching in an open world
• Part 4: Conclusions and future challenges
4. One learning outcome
4
By the end of the session, you will be…
…inspired to try out one new thing, and
perhaps further inspire your learners and your
colleagues.
5. Principles
5
• Low cost, high value
• Sustainable: design once, deliver many
times
• Forward-looking: alignment, assessment
for learning, rapid feedback
7. Missions
Markets
contexts
new
new
present
present
Technology
& Pedagogy
Well-established
learning & teaching
+
University-owned &
supported
technologies
Creative
applications of
existing tools to
target new markets
Future, potential
technologies for
emergent learning
& learners
Established
programmes and
approaches
embracing new
technological
opportunities
Innovation
pipeline
ResearchDevelopment
7
8. Sample problems…
8
• I want to teach online but don’t know
where to start
• Everyone uses NILE so I want to explore it
• My limited skills (pedagogical, technical)
+ little time = poor learner experience
• I want a safe repository for my course
content
• We need a safe environment to host our
discussions
• My course is not interactive enough
9. UK context
Technology needs to enhance student choice and
meet or exceed learners’ expectations
Institutions need to take a strategic approach to
realign structures and processes in order to embed
online learning
Investment is needed for the development and
exploitation of open educational resources to
enhance efficiency and quality
Source: Collaborate to Compete, OLTF, 2011
10. US context
31% of all HE students take at least one online
course
67% of academic leaders rate LOs in online
education as the same or superior to those in f2f
education
Online learning is a critical part of the long-term
strategies of 65% of HEIs
Source: Going the Distance: Online Education in the United States, 2011
11. At Northampton
A strategic commitment to scaling up:
• Online and blended provision
• CPD and accreditation: formal staff development
opportunities for all
• Openness (Open Northampton)
11
12. The L&T Plan
• Intellectual capital
• Student experience
• Enhancement and innovation in L&T
12
14. Needs
How can I develop a course that meets students’ needs?
I want to be a better teacher
I need to develop my skills for online and distance learning – Help!
I need to improve student retention. How can I help my students?
Why waste time on writing feedback? Students don’t read it!
My teaching is in a rut – What new ideas could make it more exciting?
I need to get professional recognition as a HE Teacher – what do I do?
I would like to gain academic credit for this training – is this possible?
17. NILE design targets
Level Focus Key features
Foundation Delivery
Absolute minimum expected
Course information, handbook and guides
Learning materials
Intermediate
Essential in all blended
courses
Participation
In addition to ‘Delivery’:
Online participation designed into the course.
Tasks provide meaningful formative scaffold.
Online participation encouraged and moderated, but not essential to
achieve learning outcomes.
Advanced
Essential in all online
courses
Collaboration
In addition to ‘Delivery’:
Regular learner input designed into course & essential throughout.
Online tasks provide meaningful scaffold to formative and
summative assessment.
Collaborative knowledge construction central to a productive
learning environment.
17
18. 18
A five-minute task!
With a neighbour, think of a course or instance within a course
(as a participant or tutor), where online learning…
a. really worked
b. was a disaster
Think of the reasons in each case.
MI-064-0295 by Dave Muckey
successful business woman on a laptop by Search
Engine People Blog
19.
20. “I put my content online, therefore my
students do e-learning”
Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/bowena/
21. To be clear…
21
• The resource is not the course.
• PDFs and PPTs won’t teach themselves.
27. Effective course design…
• Is team-based
• Focuses on the different types of interaction
• Is not obsessed with content
• Offers low cost but high value
• Requires digital literacy skills
• Is innovative, participative and fun
27
29. Seize the Day
Invest two days of your time
and get your course online
Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/curtisperry/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/linksmanjd/
30. Map of the course
Gather my materials &
borrow materials from
colleagues
Review learning
outcomes & assessment
Download stuff
Identify gaps
‘Write’ the rest (often a
lot) to fill gaps
Check consistency,
alignment & go
31. Storyboard
Create a scaffold
Generate a blueprint
Select and adapt OERs
Gather materials &
identify gaps
Design missing bits as per
storyboard
Reality check, review,
adjust & go
32. Carpe Diem addresses…
• ‘My use of e-learning is bad.’
• ‘Help me redesign this.’
• ‘The discussion forums are never used.’
• ‘What is a wiki?’
• ‘Can I run synchronous sessions? How?’
• ‘What is Web 2.0 and how can my learners benefit
from it?’
• ‘Existing resources? What resources? Are they
readily available? For free? Really?’
Focus: designing for flexible,
student-centred learning
33. Carpe Diem deliverables
• Blueprint for the course
• Storyboard
• Running e-tivities (peer-reviewed and reality-
checked)
• Model for further development
• Action plan
33
www.le.ac.uk/carpediem
38. Online presence
38
• Presence on your VLE is not an add-on to
the course. It is the course.
(Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2001)
39. Added value:
personalisation,
course ‘humanised’
MAIN TYPE OF INTERACTION DESIGNED INTO COURSE
TEACHER’SPERFORMANCE
DURINGDELIVERY
Low impact on course
Expected practice Tangible enhancement
Bad practice Missed opportunity
Learner-Teacher Learner-Learner
PoorGood
Learner-Content
Interactions
42. 1. Access & motivation
2. Culture building
3. Co-operation
4. Collaboration
5. Development
43. 1. Access & motivation
2. Culture building
3. Co-operation
4. Collaboration
5. DevelopmentLink, feed back, enhance, apply
Interact, build knowledge
Navigate, save time, personalise
Receive and send
Access
44. 1. Access & motivation
2. Culture building
3. Co-operation
4. Collaboration
5. Development Guide
Facilitate, tie loose ends
Lead
Host
Welcome, reassure
45.
46. Carpe Diem and e-tivities: reading
• Gilly Salmon’s blog: http://www.gillysalmon.com/blog.html
• Armellini, A. & Nie, M. (2013). Open educational practices for curriculum
enhancement. Open Learning 28(1) 7-20.
• Rogerson-Revell, P., Nie, M. & Armellini, A. (2012) An evaluation of the use of voice
boards, e-book readers and virtual worlds in a postgraduate distance learning
Applied Linguistics and TESOL programme. Open Learning, 27(2), 103-119.
• Nie, M., Armellini, A., Witthaus, G. & Barklamb, K. (2011). How do e-book readers
enhance learning opportunities for distance work-based learners? ALT-J, Research
in Learning Technology, 19(1), 19-38.
• Nie, M., Armellini, A., Randall, R., Harrington, S. & Barklamb, K. (2010). The role of
podcasting in effective curriculum renewal. ALT-J, Research in Learning Technology
18(2), 105-118.
• Armellini, A., & Aiyegbayo, O. (2010). Learning design and assessment with e-
tivities. British Journal of Educational Technology 41(6), 922-935.
• Armellini, A., & Jones, S. (2008). Carpe Diem: Seizing each day to foster change in
e-learning design. Reflecting Education, 4(1), 17-29. Available from
http://tinyurl.com/58q2lj
• Salmon, G., Jones, S., & Armellini, A. (2008). Building institutional capability in e-
learning design. ALT-J, Research in Learning Technology, 16(2), 95-109.
• Salmon, G. (2013). E-tivities: The key to active online learning (2nd ed.). London and
New York: Routledge.
• Salmon, G. (2011). E-moderating: The key to teaching and learning online (3rd ed.).
New York: Routledge.
57. Contributing our own OERs
57
'All truth passes through three stages. First, it is
ridiculed. Second, it is violently opposed. Third, it is
accepted as being self-evident.'
Arthur Schopenhauer (1788–1860)
Image source: Wikipedia
58. From the VLE and OERs to MOOCs
58
• Massive Open Online Courses
and free
67. Implications for the future of HE
• Less physical space
+ global competition for diverse and
demanding students
+ innovation
= critical need to change the way we go about
our business
68. Shift to…
• Appropriate ‘blends’
• Openness
• Flexibility
• Mobility
Knowledge and learning as open, mobile,
connected and scalable
68
69. Your VLE (Moodle, Blackboard, etc)…
69
• An enabler, not a barrier
• Should meet your needs and those of
your course, your learners, your team
• Not a content dump
• Not an add-on to your course: it is your
course
70. OERs…
70
• Content is not king
• We can’t afford to ignore OERs:
o As users - OERs to enhance your courses
o As contributors: don’t agonise over the
family silver
71. MOOCs…
71
• Register on one
• Consider contributing to one
• Put yourself and your university on the
global MOOC map
72. 72
Our chance to shape the future of
learning
Professor Alejandro Armellini
Institute of Learning and Teaching in Higher
Education
University of Northampton
Ale.Armellini@northampton.ac.uk
20 September 2013