The document discusses the River Yamuna in Delhi, India. It provides background on the river, including its cultural and religious significance. It then describes the current poor conditions of the Yamuna, particularly in Delhi, due to pollution from wastewater and industrial discharges. Key sources of pollution are identified as domestic sewage and waste entering the river from various drains. The document outlines government initiatives to clean up the Yamuna but notes that successful efforts will require greater public involvement and participation.

2.  Introduction : River Yamuna
 Folk Stories
 Present Conditions of River Yamuna
 River Yamuna – Segment
 River Yamuna in Delhi
 BOD
 Major Sources of Pollution
 Flood Safety tips
 Initiatives Taken by the Govt.
 References
 End Credits
INDEX

3. RIVER YAMUNA IN DELHI POLLUTION
& ITS CONTROL

4. The River Yamuna is the largest tributary of River
Ganga This river is as prominent and sacred as the
great River Ganga itself.
 It has been acclaimed as a holy river in Indian
mythology and various pilgrimage centers e.g.
Yamunotri (Uttaranchal), Paonta Sahib (Himachal
Pradesh), Mathura, Vrindavan, Bateshwar & Allahabad
(all inUttar Pradesh) are located at the banks of this
river. Large urban centers e.g. Yamuna Nagar, Sonepat,
Delhi, the political nucleus of India, Gautam Budh
Nagar, Faridabad, Mathura, Agra and Etawah are also
established on its banks. Large industrial centers have
also been developed either on banks or in its basin.
 In agriculture front also the Yamuna basin is one of
the highlyfertile and high food grain yielding basin,
especially areas in Haryana and Western district in
Uttar Pradesh. All this reflects that the River Yamuna
not only flows in the hearts of Indian but also plays a
significant role in the economy of the country.
This river Yamuna is also influenced by the problems
imparted by industrialization, urbanization and rapid
agricultural developments similar to other riverine
system.
Introduction : River
Yamuna

5. In Tibetan beliefs, Yami is the goddess of
death and rules the female spirits in the
underworld (Naraka). She is also the
consort of Yama, lord of the underworld.
There are perhaps some Indian stories
that Yama and Yami parented the human
beings but I could not read about it. In
the Old Testament, we are presented
initially with only Adam, Eve, and their
sons Cain and Abel. So, how others evolve
is a parallel mystery.

6. FOLK STORIES
• Literally meaning ‘twins’, in sanskrit’as it runs parallel to Ganga,its
name is mentioned at many places in the RIG VEDA(1700-100 BC) and
also later in ATHARVA VEDA.
• In RIG VEDA ,the story of the Yamuna describes her “excessive love”
for her twin YAMA,who in asks her to find a suitable match for
herself,which she does in KRISHNA.
• According to ‘YAMUNASHTAKAM’ it is YAMUNAwho being a holder
of infinite love and compassion’can grant us freddom from even
death.the realm of her elder brother.
• She rushes down to Kalinda mountain giving her another
name,KALINDI’the backdrop of Krishna leela.
• It is mentioned as ‘IOMANES’ in surveys of Seleus I Nicator,an
officer of ALEXANDER the Great.

7. Seasonal Variations in Water Quality
The physical characteristics i.e. discharge and drainage area of Yamuna river
varies significantly during non monsoon (January to June & October to
December) and monsoon period (July to September). Therefore, an attempt is
made to find out the variation in river water quality during these two seasons.
For four parameters i.e. dissolved oxygen, Biochemical oxygen demand, Total
and Faecal coliform, seasonal variations was also analysed year-wise and are
depicted in Fig. 3.3 to 3.6. The seasonal variations indicate that in Delhi
stretch the DO level was always below the prescribed limit during both the
seasons except during the year 2001 when the value just touches the limit at
Nizamuddin Bridge. After Delhi, the dissolved oxygen generally dropped down
slightly during monsoon period, may be due to vanishing of eutrophic
condition. The BOD concentration upto Palla was generally below the
standards both in monsoon and non-monsoon periods during all the seven
years. The value of BOD exceeded the limit afterwards and again meets the
standards only at Allahabad. However, during monsoon period BOD levels
generally reduced & often to meet the prescribed limit after Agra. Though,
the
values of total and faecal coliforms reduced significantly during monsoon
period in the entire Yamuna stretch, but the values were generally high than
the prescribed standards. In general it was observed that DO, BOD levels
reduced during monsoon period. The total & faecal coliforms reduced in the
most polluted stretch i.e. between Delhi and Agra and generally increased at
relatively less polluted or clean locations. This may be due to flushing of
faecal materials into the river from the catchment areas.
(COURTESY : www.cpcb.nic.in)
Present CondItions of
river Yamuna

8. RIVER YAMUNA- SEGMENTS
Distinguished Independent Segments
of
River Yamuna
Himalayan Segment From origin to
Tajewala Barrage (172 kms)
Upper Segment Tajewala Barrage to
Wazirabad Barrage (224 kms)
Delhi Segment Wazirabad Barrage to
Okhla Barrage (22 kms)
Eutriphicated Segment Okhla Barrage
to Chambal Confluence (490 kms)
Diluted Segment Chambal Confluence
to Ganga Confluence (468 kms)
RIVER YAMUNA- SEGMENTS

9. • River Yamuna enters Delhi from
Palla Village
• Length : 48 km
• Widhth : 1.5Km to 3.0 Km
• Floodplain area: 97 Sq Km
• Polluted stretch within City:22 Km
(from Wazirabad to Okhla)
• Number Drains falling into Yamuna:
22
(18 major drains fall directly into
river
and 4 through Agra and Gurgaon canal)
• Caters for 70 % of Delhi‛s water
supplies
RIVER YAMUNA IN DELHI
RIVER YAMUNA IN DELHI

10. RIVER YAMUNA IN DELHI
Flow of River Yamuna
within Delhi is
regulated by 3
barrages:
Wazirabad Barrage
ITO Barrage
Okhla Barrage
ITO Barrage
RIVER YAMUNA IN DELHI

11. Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD)
is the amount of oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in 1
litre of water is oxidized by bacteria.
Given below is the YAMUNA BOD load.

15. (COURTESY : HINDUSTAN TIMES NEWSPAPER 23 AUGUST 2013)

17.  The most important question is that can clean up drive become
successful without the con ribution of citizens? In our country, India
we all assumes that it is duty of government to do everything. If
government agencies failed to do something, should not we take our
own initiative and put our efforts to complete the project.
 It is almost impossible to make the Rivers clean, till we all wake up. It is
the prime duty of Indian citizens to help the government to save Rivers.
Only then Rivers clean up drive can achieve its goal.
 'Obviously, there is need for great involvement of citizens' groups
CONCLUSION

18. REFERENCES
 CSE, 2009. State of pollution in Yamuna, Centre for science and
environment, Delhi, India
 MoEF, National river conservation directorate (NRCD), Working for
cleaning rivers. <http://www.envfor.nic.in/nrcd/NRCD/table.htm>. Accessed
on 10th ‘December 2010
 Planning Commission, 2007. Report of the working group on rivers, lakes and
aquifers in Environment & Forests for the Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-
2012). GoI.
 JBIC assisted Yamuna action plan phase II, Inception report, 2005. NRCD,
MoEF, JBIC. Prepared by Project Management Consultants-TEC Consortium.
 Project Management Consultants (PMC), N.A., Yamuna action plan: A
bilateral project of governments of India & Japan on river conservation. <
www.pmc4yap2.com>, Accessed on 7th November, 2010.
 Areendran, G. N.A. Yamuna action plan, Indira Gandhi Conservation
Monitoring Centre, World Wide Fund for Nature-India,<
http://www.wwfenvis.org>, Accessed on 12th November 2010.

19. • End Credits
 Bibliography
 Language , Literature and Culture
English book.
 Wikipedia
 Google Images
 Teacher in Charge and Special
Thanks To
• Tuhina Ma‛am
 Concept Developer
• Akash Ganguly
 Special Effects
• Akash Ganguly
• Anshu Pandey