IOT project that automate the process of collecting city garbage: ●equip the tracks and the trashes with the gps modules ● use a cloud technologies to collect , analyse and store data. ● develop a dashboard to provide access to different profiles and privileges according to the user

1. REPUBLIC OF TUNISIA
MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND
OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
Report of Second Year Project
Subject:
Smart Trash
Realized by : ​Bilel SASSI & Aymen HAJRI
supervisor :​Ms. Maleek ben youssef
Academic year : 2016/2017
1

2. General Introduction 3
Chapter 1: Needs analysis and specifications 4
Introduction: 4
Study of the existing: 4
Criticism of the existing: 4
Proposed solution: 5
Goals to reach: 5
Requirements Specification: 5
Functional specifications: 5
Non Functional Specifications: 5
Chapter 2: Conception 6
Introduction 6
Use case diagram: 6
Class diagram: 7
Sequence diagram: 8
State transition diagram: 9
Activity diagram: 10
Chapter 3: Realization 11
Introduction: 11
Architecture : 11
hardware environment : 11
Software environment: 12
Implementation: 14
Conclusion 17
2

3. General Introduction
The Internet Of Things is a discipline that converge many engineering fields like
computer science, electronics, telecommunication etc…
As a computer science engineering students and we have as co-partner in this project an
electronic and embedded systems bachelor degree( Aymen Hajri), and networking bachelor
degree(Bilel Sassi) we decided to work in project that englobe our knowledges and apply our
experiences and studies.
This project also have an environmental aspect ,comes from our believes in saving nature
and protect our environment and improve citizen's life.
3

4. Chapter 1: Needs analysis and specifications
Introduction:
Humans naturally know what to do with their waste as evidenced by the instituted waste
management systems in the pre-modern and modern forms. However, along with global
industrialization and population explosion, waste production blew out of proportion, endangering
the environment and threatening humans and other living things. With the environmental issues
raised here and there, there seems to be a need to remind humans of the importance of waste
management.
Study of the existing:
All trash cans are collected in a very inefficient way, every truck has a path to follow and
some regions needs more cans than others places that causes the overcapacity of cans so that can
threaten the human and animals .
Criticism of the existing:
Well there is a lot of inconvenience concerning this approach:
● the path is not optimized
● not all the trashes are full and require discharge when the collectors arrive
● some cans are exceeding their capacity and much waste falling on the ground
Now we can see clearly that the current way of waste collection cause too much issues including:
● elevated cost
● inconvenient services that are causing harm to the environment and unhappy customer
So another approach should replace the current one and solve these problems without
introducing new ones.
4

5. Proposed solution:
We certainly should digitalize the process and make it compatible with nowadays
technologies, and that is not so hard with the existing of very capable technology with relatively
low cost.
So the solution is to make an iot system to automate the operation and improve the
process by making the trashes smart adding to them some basic sensors to check for the
percentage of fullness and its position and equipping the tracks with tracking devices and a smart
dashboard.
And the rest is obvious, an application will control the whole thing to optimize the path of
the tracks and the choice of cans to discharge.
This solution will reduce the cost and the time required to empty the cans and will result
to a better service and cleaner environment.
Goals to reach:
● equip the tracks and the trashes with the gps sensors
● use a cloud technologies to collect , analyse and store data.
● develop a dashboard to provide access to different profiles and privileges according to
the user (administrator/worker/technician)
Requirements Specification:
The application should satisfy the following requirements.
Functional specifications:
● store the required information and give all privileges to the admin to manipulate the data
● provide rules to the system to produce instruction to the whole system
Non Functional Specifications:
● the application should be user friendly and provide great ergonomics
● the code should be clear and well commented for further enhancements or updates
● security should be taken under consideration
5

6. Chapter 2: Conception
Introduction
We will be using the unified modeling language (UML) so no need de describe since that
is the intention of UML diagram; to be clear and very descriptive.
Use case diagram:
use case diagram
6

7. Class diagram:
class diagram
7

8. Sequence diagram:
sequence diagram
8

9. State transition diagram:
state transition diagram
9

10. Activity diagram:
activity diagram
10

11. Chapter 3: Realization
Introduction:
In this chapter we will transform our needs to a product based on the conception that we
realized in the previous chapter. we used the state of the art technologies in the realisation of our
project .
Architecture :
smart trash architecture
hardware environment :
as a hardwares we used :
● Ultrasonic sensor (hc-sr05) :​ used to get the state of the can than send it to the arduino.
hc-sr05 sensor
11

12. ● Arduino uno rev3 ​: it ‘s the a microcontroller used to collect and process the data
gathered from the sensor then send the data to the cloud (Node) via the Gateway.
arduino uno rev3
● Raspberry pi 3​: it’s a micro-pc used as a gateway it allow the nodes to send their data to
the cloud .
raspberry pi 3
Software environment:
Node-red: is the server used on gateway based on node.js language it simplify the
programming task and make the process of communication between the gateway and the other
12

13. components fluid via a http protocol.
IBM WATSON IOT ​: a cloud service provided by ibm to connect things to the cloud and
offer the possibility of :
● add hardwares ot the clouds (things,getaways)
● collect data from things.
● analyse collected data .
● offer API to connect to other services.
Cloudant​: is a NOSQL database system based on json representation .provided also by IBM it
offer an ​Integrated geospatial operations and search which will help us to improve the routs of
the trucks . and with the RESTFUL API we can visualize data simply from our dashboard.
java enterprise edition:​we used differents java frameworks to develop our dashboard ,it’s the
representation layer of our system ,that allow users to login and visualise what’s going on on the
system, also it’s a space for administrator to manage the different tasks.
13

14. Implementation:
adding the gateway device to ibm watson iot
adding node to ibm watson iot
14

15. cloudant data base
list of cans interface on the dashboard
15

16. position of cans on the map
manage profiles interface on the dashboard
16

17. Conclusion
At the end of this project we were able to automate a whole system and make it smart via
the IOT and what is offered by the power of cloud computing .we were able to manipulate cloud
storage,computing and build a scalable system based on different electronic components, we also
build a secure system based on security protocols to guarantee the privacy of the data and the
users.
this project gave us the possibility to manipulate all fields of IT (information
technologies) :
● networking.
● embedded systems.
● cloud computing .
● web development.
17