Things to consider before buying a heat pump

1. 11 Considerations
Before you buy a heat pump

2. 11: A heat pump is Similar to your chiller
Description Chiller Heat Pump
Process Refrigeration Cycle Refrigeration Cycle
Application Used for Process Cooling Used for Process Heating
Utilization Point Evaporator Condenser
Condensing
temperature
30 ⁰C to 35 ⁰C 80 ⁰C to 90 ⁰C
Evaporating
temperature
7 ⁰C to 12 ⁰C 15 ⁰C to 20 ⁰C
COLD SINK
HOT SINK
Heat
Pump Q1
Q2
Q1+Q2

3. 10: Temperature of hotwater delivered plays an important role in capacity
25 TR Rated compressor
31 TR heat delivery @ 50 °C
20 TR chilled water and
28 TR heat delivery @ 65 °C

4. 9: Effects of Ambient temperature or room temperature on electricity
consumption by the heat pump
Ambient Heat
Primary power
(Electricity)
Heat Pump
USABLE
ENERGY
Renewable
Energy
Conventional
Energy

5. 8: Realized electricity saving is often not only governed by COP, in-fact will
not match the claims by installers
• Realized electricity savings will include auxiliary consumption
such as pumps (it can be as high as 20% of the over all power
consumed)
• Such systems can reduce overall COP of system (not heat pump
alone) by 0.5 to 1

6. 7: Rated COP’s specified by manufacturers are only at test conditions
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0 20 40 60 80
COP
Condensing temperature (deg C)
Evap = 0 C
Evap = 5 C
Evap = 10 C
Evap = 15 C

7. 6: Only one side of a heat pump can be primary
1 KW2 - 3 KW 3 - 4 KW+ =
The system pumps heat from a low
temperature reservoir to a high
temperature
Heatistakeninfromtheambient
If the primary use is
hot water, then the
cooling system is
available only when
the hot water load is
available and vice-
versa

8. 5: Choice of refrigerant determines the max temperature and efficiency
Refrigerant Tmax
a
(°C) Pmax (Bar) Tc
b
(°C) Pc
c
(Bar) GWP Toxicity Flammability
R245fa 140 28.8 154 36.5 950 yes no
R600a(Isobutane) 140 36.5 135 36.5 ˃1 no high
R717(Ammonia) 110 75.7 132 112.8 0 yes medium
R134a 90 32.4 101 40.6 1300 Yes Low
R744 (CO2) 130 73.8 31 73.8 1 no no
Opteon XP140 95 30 102 32 N/A N/A no
a. Maximum operating temperature, restricted by pressure (Pmax)
b. Critical Temperature
c. Critical pressure
(R22, R407, R410A etc.. Can operate only less than 65 °C)

9. 4: A chiller service engineer can service your heatpump

10. 3: However integration with your existing process requires expertise in
thermal engineering, piping, hydraulics and controls
Heat pump integration, especially for industrial
applications should be engineered for efficiency
Did you know?
Poor design of buffer tank can
decrease COP by up to 10%?

11. 2: More the running hours and/or lower cost of electricity, faster is the
payback
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
24 16 8
Payback-years
24
16
8
Simple Payback for 3,2, or 1 shift, 300 days a year

12. 1: Integration with solar thermal offers best return on investment

13. A Negawatt is better
than the Megawatt!!
>> Fast Forward to the Solar Future!! >>
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