Given the fact that Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) today are developing in the direction of ubiquitous and pervasive computing, and that linguistic content items are increasingly combined with or embedded in non-linguistic content items (and vice versa), a systemic and generic approach to data modelling and content management has become the order of the day. Content integration and content interoperability are the key concepts in this connection. In many applications, such as in eAccessibility/eInclusion, content often must be totally reliable – therefore, it needs certification and validation for many different kinds of content. Standards-based datamodels and standardized content facilitate such certification and validation, which also should be based on standards. Needless to say that the above-mentioned approach has a big impact on software development, as can be gathered from document MoU/MG/05 N0221 "Semantic Interoperability and the need for a coherent policy for a framework of distributed, possibly federated repositories for all kinds of content items on a world-wide scale", which was adopted in 2005. See: http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/fetch/2000/2489/Ittf_Home/MoUMG/Moumg221.pdf. It also has an impact on future ICT-related standards as can be seen from MoU/MG/05 N0222 "Statement on eBusiness Standards and Cultural Diversity". See: http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/fetch/2000/2489/Ittf_Home/MoUMG/Moumg222.pdf. Increasingly required today are modularity and comprehensive interoperability, capability for multilinguality and multimodality, based on open standards. Fulfilling these requirements will make software and database design fit for eAccessibility/eInclusion from the outset. It will also make content – first of all structured content at the level of lexical semantics – fit for different kinds of content integration and content interoperability. Such structured content – especially if standardized and made available in the form of content repositories – enhances the potential for re-use in totally different eApplications. It also increases the reliability of data, thus reducing the risk of all sorts and liability. This contribution attempts to show how standards-based approaches for content standardization, content management, content related services and tools and their certification not only guarantee reliable content integration and content interoperability, but also are of particular benefit to people with special needs in eAccessibility/eInclusion.

1. Christian Galinski Infoterm Austria Standards-based Content Resources – Content integration and interoperability

2. Many heterogeneous ontologies Many deficient content repositories People with special needs not respected Many industry standards – gaps in open standards  standardized content repositories  content interoperability based on open standards Motivation, problem area

3. Research objectives Global content interoperability of content repositories based on open standards for people with special needs

4. Research approach, methodology Standardization  open standards for: - harmonized data models - harmonized data dictionaries - ontology integration and interoperability - content repositories

8. CONSENSUS "General agreement, characterized by the absence of sustained opposition to substantial issues by any important part of the concerned interests and by a process that involves seeking to take into account the views of all parties concerned and to reconcile any conflicting arguments". (ISO/IEC Guide 2:1991)

10. MoU/MG N0221 Semantic Interoperability and the need for a coherent policy for a framework of distributed, possibly federated reposi-tories for all kinds of content items on a world-wide scale adopted in 2005 http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/fetch/2000/2489/Ittf_Home/MoU-MG/Moumg221.pdf

12. MoU/MG N0221 Examples It‘s all catalogues

13. MoU/MG N0221

14. MoU/MG N0221

15. MoU/MG N0221

16. MoU/MG N0221

17. MoU/MG N0221

18. MoU/MG N0221

19. MoU/MG N0221

23. Structured content More often than not different kinds of content items are combined with or embedded in each other  new requirements on content!

25. COSTS Costs of content creation and maintenance Items of structured content occur in all kinds of technical documentation  costs

26. MoU/MG N0221

30. Examples It‘s happening!

32. COSTS

33. COSTS

34. COSTS

35. COSTS

36. COSTS

37. COSTS

38. COSTS

39. COSTS

41. SOLUTIONS

42. SOLUTIONS

47. Conformity assessment demonstration that specified requirements relating to a product, process, system, person or body are fulfilled NOTE 1 The subject field of conformity assessment includes activities defined elsewhere in this International Standard, such as testing, inspection and certification, as well as the accreditation of conformity assessment bodies. NOTE 2 The expression “object of conformity assessment” or “object” is used in this International Standard to encompass any particular material, product, installation, process, system, person or body to which conformity assessment is applied. A service is covered by the definition of a product .

48. CERTIFICATION third-party attestation related to products, processes, systems or persons NOTE 1 Certification of a management system is sometimes also called registration. NOTE 2 Certification is applicable to all objects of conformity assessment except for conformity assessment bodies (2.5) themselves, to which accreditation (5.6) is applicable.

50. Verification & validation Verification uses objective evidence that ( specified) requirements which define an intended use or application have been met for the sake of the evaluation of assertions against agreed verification criteria. Whenever specified requirements have been met, a verified status is achieved. Validation uses objective evidence to confirm that ( specified) require-ments which define an intended use or application have been met. Whenever all requirements have been met, a validated status is achieved.