A seminar presentation on HDTV, 3DTV

1. A SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON
3-DTV, HDTV & UHDTV
BY- ABHINAV KUMAR JHA SUBMITTED TO-
ROLL NO. 12152001 DR. DEEPAK KEDIA
ECE -1 MR. ADITYA KUMR
ECE DEPT. GJUS&T
HISAR

2. OUTLINES
 Common terms
 3-D TV Overview
 Introduction of 3 D TV
 History of 3 D TV
 Why 3 D TV
 How 3 D TV works
 HD TV Overview
 Introduction of HD TV
 History of HD TV
 Why HD TV
 How HD TV works
 UHD TV Overview
 Introduction of UHD TV
 History of UHD TV
 Why UHD TV
 How UHD TV works
 Future of UHD TV
 References

3. COMMON TERMS
Resolution
 The resolution of a television is the number of pixels in each dimension that the TV can
display natively.
 The higher the resolution, the more details the picture has.

4. ASPECT RATIO
The aspect ratio of an image describes the proportional relationship between
it width and its height.

6. INTRODUCTION
3D TV is an emerging technology that allows consumers to enjoy three dimensional
movies, television programs and video games in their homes.
Several companies have developed viable 3D technology for the home theater
environment, but the reality of seeing 3D TV in the average household is probably years
away. That's primarily because the technology requires the purchase of new television
equipment, including a 3D-ready TV and a 3D-capable Blu-ray player.
A number of TV manufacturers, including Panasonic , Sony and Samsung , are
manufacturing 3D TVs, and their technology is not standardized. At this point, it’s
anyone’s guess whose 3D TV technology will have the greatest long-term success, but
the Blu-ray 3D standards are platform agnostic, meaning 3D Blu-ray discs should play
on any manufacturer's 3D-enabled set.

7. HISTORY
The stereoscope was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838. It
showed that when two pictures are viewed stereoscopically, they are
combined by the brain to produce 3D depth perception. The stereoscope
was improved by Louis Jules Duboscq, and a famous picture of Queen
Victoria was displayed at The Great Exhibition in 1851. In 1855
the Kinematoscope was invented. In the late 1890s, the British film
pioneer William Friese-Greene filed a patent for a 3D movie process.
On 10 June 1915, former Edison Studios chief director Edwin S.
Porter and William E. Waddell presented tests in red-green anaglyph to
an audience at the Astor Theatre in New York City and in 1922 the first
public 3D movie The Power of Love was displayed.

8. Right
perspectiveLeft perspective
Two images with different
perspectives are interlaced onto a
screen simultaneously.
A filter known as a parallax barrier, has a series
of precision slot that allows eye to see a
different set of pixels for each perspective.
LCD Panel
Parallax barrier
Section A-
A
Your brain process those images
into one image to produce the
illusion of 3D space.

9. WHY 3 D TV
The evolution of visual media such as cinema and television is one of the
major hallmarks of our modern civilization. In many ways, these visual
media now define our modern life style. Many of us are curious: what is
our life style going to be in a few years? What kind of films and
television are we going to see? Although cinema and television both
evolved over decades, there were stages, which, in fact, were once seen
as revolutions.
At first, films were silent, then sound was added;
 Cinema and television were initially black-and-white, then color
was introduced;
Computer imaging and digital special effects have been the latest
major novelty.

10. HOW 3 D TV WORK
Figure shows a schematic representation of our 3D TV system.
The acquisition stage consists of an array of hardware synchronized cameras. Small clusters of cameras are connected to producer PCs.
The producers capture live, uncompressed video streams and encode them using standard MPEG coding. The compressed video streams
are then broadcast on separate channels over a transmission network, which could be digital cable, satellite TV, or the Internet. On the
receiver side, individual video streams are decompressed by decoders. The decoders are connected by network (e.g., gigabit ethernet) to
a cluster of consumer PCs. The consumers render the appropriate views and send them to a standard 2D, stereo-pair 3D, or multiview
3D display.

12. INTRODUCTION
 High-definition television (HDTV) provides a resolution that is substantially higher
than that of standard-definition television.
 HDTV may be transmitted in various formats:1080p: 1920×1080p: 2,073,600 pixels
(~2.07 megapixels) per frame 1080i: 1920×1080i: 1,036,800 pixels (~1.04 MP)
per field or 2,073,600 pixels (~2.07 MP) per frame.
 Some countries also use a non-standard resolution, such as 1440×1080i: 777,600 pixels
(~0.78 MP) per field or 1,555,200 pixels (~1.56 MP) per frame 720p: 1280×720p:
921,600 pixels (~0.92 MP) per frame
 The letter "p" stands for progressive scan, while "I“ indicates interlaced.
 When transmitted at two megapixels per frame, HDTV provides about five times as
many pixels as SD (standard-definition television).

13. HISTORY

14. WHY HDTV
 To Overcome Limitations
of Analog Television
 Noise free pictures
 Higher resolution images
Widescreen / HDTV
 No Ghosting
 Enhanced Sound Services
 Other Data services.
14

15. HDTV FEATURES
 Provides up to 60 frames/sec screen writing rate
 Uses MPEG-2 data compression
 source info data rate is 1.2Gbps
 broadcast data rate is 20Mbps
 Square pixels 1/4 the size of analog TV’s pixels

16. 16
TYPE OF HDTV
Type Advantage Disadvantage
Direct View (CRT) Cheaper
Heavy, max screen size limited,
soon to be obsolete
LCD
Competitive price, suitable for
rooms with high ambient light
Motion blur more apparent than
Plasma
Plasma
Brighter colors, less motion blur,
wider viewing angle
More power consumption than
LCD, less competitive price
Rear Projection Larger screen size at lower cost
More bulky then flat panel,
more components to fail
Front Projection
Best solution for screens over 60
inches
Costly installation, not suitable
for rooms with high ambient
light

17. HDTV & SDTV COMPARISON

18. 18
HOW HD WORK

19. CONNECTING TO DIGITAL TV
Digital Signal from Cable or Satellite
COAX
Composite
or S-Video
From VCR
VCRCable or Satellite
Composite or
S-Video
or
Component
Or HDMI

20. FUTURE OF HD
 DEC 2012: All commercial stations must begin digital
broadcasts
 Move will be cheaper, quicker, and easier as products and
services become more widespread and people grow
accustomed to the new technology.
 Super HD TV

22. INTRODUCTION
 4K is the new big thing in display technology.
 4K denotes a very specific display resolution of 4096 x 2160 megapixels and aspect ratio
(16:9)
 4K is also known's as Ultra High Definition(UHD).
 4k TVs have increased their market share in 2014.
 Every brand has a few of them now, but the prices are still above mainstream level.

23. HISTORY
 4K format was proposed by NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories
and defined and approved by the International Telecommunication Union(ITU)
 The first commercially available 4K camera for cinematographic purposes was
the Dalsa Origin, released in 2003
 The projection of films at 4K resolution at cinemas began in 2011 .The first 4K
home theatre projector was released by Sony in 2012.
 YouTube began supporting 4K for video uploads in 2010
 Users could view 4K video by selecting "Original" from the quality settings.
 In November 2013, YouTube started to use the VP9 video compression standard
 VP9 is being developed by Google, which owns YouTube

24. WHY UHD TV
 4K standard will address the demand for vastly improved
resolution in professional devices such as broadcast and
cinema quality cameras, projectors, and displays.
 The 4k revolution isn't just about quadrupling resolution, it
also supports faster frame rates, insane contrast dynamics
,extended colours and variety of viewing distances on
different screen sizes.

25. 1080P VS. 4K RESOLUTION
 A High Definition TV with 1080p resolution is composed of two
million pixels (1920 x 1080), while a 4K TV (aka Ultra High
Definition) has over eight million pixels (4096 x 2160). Therefore,
4K has around four times more resolution than 1080p and
produces a clearer picture.
 Increasing pixel density leads to closer viewing distance without
the pixel grid becoming obvious to viewer.
 A 4K image - or Ultra HD - enables user to sit 1.6m from the
screen.

26. 4K RESOLUTION (ULTRA HD)

28. ULTRA HD TECHNICAL DETAILS
ITU Recommendation for Ultra
HDTV
 ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020 (also
known as “Rec. 2020″) was posted on the
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
website on August 23, 2012. Rec. 2020 defines
various aspects of ultra high definition
television such as display resolution, frame
rate, chrome sub sampling, colour depth,
and colour space.

29. REC. 2020 STANDARD (CONTD.)
 In coverage of the CIE 1931 color space:
 Rec. 2020 color space covers 75.8%.
 Digital cinema reference projector color space covers
53.6%.
 Adobe RGB color space covers 52.1%.
 Rec. 709 color space covers 35.9%.

30. GROWTH OF 4K

31. REFERENCES
 AKELEY, K., WATT, S., GIRSHICK, A., AND BANKS, M. 2004. A stereo display prototype with
multiple focal distance. To appearing ACM Transaction on Graphics (Aug.).
 JAVIDI, B., AND OKANO, F., Eds. 2002. Three-Dimensional Television, Video, and Display
Technologies. Springer-Verlag.
 The Grand Alliance, Grand Alliance HDTV System Specification, Version 2.0, December 7, 1994.
(http://vera.inforamp.net/~poynton/Poynton-ga-hdtv.html)
 Advisory Committee on Advanced Television Service, Federal Communications Commission,
“ATV system recommendation,” IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 2 - 245, 4K
resolution, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4K_resolution.
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CIExy1931_Rec_2020_and_Rec_709.svg
 Rec. 2020, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rec._2020
 Ultra high definition television, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_high_definition_television
 Ultra HD and 4K TV: Everything you need to know, http://www.techradar.com/news/home-
cinema/high-definitionultra-hd-everything-you-need-to-know-about-4k-tv-1048954 March 1993.