This is the tech session update I gave in November 2011 to the Institute of Electronics Engineers in the Philippines.

1. Broadband
Revolution
Cocoy J. Claravall
Business Products & Services

2. AGENDA
•
•
•
•
•
Industry Outlook
Mobile Access Technologies
3GPP Roadmap
Fixed Line Broadband
Summary

3. Global mobile data traffic in 2010 (237 petabytes per
month) was over three times greater than the total global
Internet traffic in 2000 (75 petabytes per month).

4. Mobile Data Growth Per Region
We are not far behind!

5. DEVICE DIVERSIFICATION
The introduction of laptops,
tablets, and high-end
handsets onto mobile
networks is a major generator
of traffic,
because these devices offer
the consumer content and
applications not supported by
the previous generation of
mobile devices. 2009 2010 2015
Device Type
Nonsmartphone
E-reader
Smartphone
Portable gaming console
Tablet
Laptop and netbook
M2M module
1.5
5
35
N/A
28
1,145
3
3.3
11
79
250
405
1,708
35
54
245
1,272
879
2,311
6,522
166

6. Main contributors to mobile data growth
• As mobile network connection speeds increase, the
average bit rate of content accessed through the mobile
network will increase.
• As the battery life of mobile devices improves, mobile
minutes of use will increase.
• As mobile network capacity improves, operators are
more likely to offer mobile broadband packages
comparable in price and speed to those of fixed
broadband, thereby encouraging mobile broadband
substitution.
• The shift towards unicast from broadcast will affect
mobile networks as much as it will affect fixed networks.

7. Video is driving user traffic …

8. World Trend of Mobile Users Population
• Fast increase of 3G/HSPA/HSPA+ users due to high smartphone penetration
• Stable user base in GSM/GPRS/EDGE
• Mobile WiMax is not growing as fast due to slower development in Wimax standards
and smaller deployment scale compared to other technologies
• User base in 3GPP-family technologies still dominate most parts of the world; easier
roaming

9. Let’s take a look back in time ….

11. A Quick View on Access Technologies Speed vs. Range

12. What does it mean
to the average user?

13. Mobile Access Technologies
Key Facts & Figures

14. Access Technologies
Wireless Interoperability for Microwave Acess (Wimax) 802.16e
Key Facts & Figures
Technical Setup (Schematic)
•
Operating Frequency: 2-6 GHz (802.16e)
•
Main Feature:
Data speed: 802.16e = 14 Mbps per
sector
Range: 802.16e = 1.5 kms (Urban)
•
For non-LOS, high mobility indoor and
outdoor applications. 802.16e mobility is
up to 100 Kph (Intranet/Extranet Access,
Internet). Currently GT uses Wimax for
Nomadic Coverage with Data & Voice
Services.
•
Network Prerequisites:
-802.16e compliant BTS, ASN GW, CSN
-802.16e compliant Devices
•
Commercially Available/Deployed
Advantages
Disadvantage
Conclusion
• Based on IEEE standards
• Different Frequency per sector.
• For rapid deployment of high speed
internet & voice connectivity service
• Flat Architecture (All IP)
• Separate BTS from 2G & 3G.
• No cell breathing
• Can serve as backhaul for 802.11s (WiFi)
• Cost-effective solution for providing high
speed internet & voice service on remote
areas

15. Access Technologies
HSPA+ (High Speed Packet Access Evolved)
Technical Set-Up (Schematic)
Key Facts & Figures
• Operating Frequency: 1.92 - 1.98
GHz, 2.11 - 2.17 GHz (Licensed)
UTRAN
WCDMA
MGW
MSC/VLR
• Main Feature: Data speed at max. 28
Mbps (3GPP Rel.7), 42 Mbps (3GPP Rel.8)
HLR
• Range: 1.2 kms (Urban)
WCDMA
Phone
Node
RNC
IP Network
NMS
• Can offer better quality video
conferencing service. Typical use Internet
Access, SMS, MMS, Video/Audio Clip
Download, Push-to-Talk, Video/Audio
Streaming, Surveillance
• Network Pre-requisites:
- SW upgrade on WCDMA
• Commercially Available/Deployed
Advantages
Disadvantage
Conclusion
• Can provide data speed of up to 28 Mbps
(R7) and 42 Mbps (R8)
• Costly and Limited Spectrum
• Mainly oriented towards mobility centric
data needs (large data exchanges)
• Can do full nationwide coverage and
mobility
• Simple Software upgrade to existing
WCDMA Network
• Better wireless data experience than
standard WCDMA via a SW upgrade only
• Just an enhancement on data service of
WCDMA
• In line with the natural WCDMA evolution
• Offers mobility

16. Access Technologies
LTE (3G Long Term Evolution)
Technical Set-Up (Schematic)
Key Facts & Figures
E-UTRAN
LTE
LTE
Phone/Dongle
EPC
MME
SGW/PGW
HSS
eNode-B
IP Network
NMS
• Operating Frequency: supports all 3GPP
frequencies. GT options: 700 MHz
(FDD), 2.6 GHz (TDD).
• Main Feature:
FDD: Up to 25 Mbps per mobile subscriber
(Max. 50 Mbps per Sector in 10 Mhz)
TDD: Approximately 20 Mbps per mobile
subscriber (Max. 46 Mbps per Sector in 10
Mhz)
• Range: 1.76 kms (Urban)
• Can offer better quality video
conferencing service. Typical use Internet
Access, SMS, MMS, Video/Audio Clip
Download, Push-to-Talk, Video/Audio
Streaming, Surveillance
• Network Pre-requisites:
- LTE Devices, e-UTRAN & EPC
• Commercially Available/Deployed
Advantages
Disadvantage
Conclusion
• Can provide data speed of up to 50 Mbps (in
10 Mhz BW) . All IP Flat Architecture.
• Costly and Limited Spectrum & Terminal
Devices
• Mainly oriented towards mobility centric
data needs (large data exchanges)
• Can do full nationwide coverage and mobility
• No CS Voice & SMS (supports VoIP &
SMS over IMS)
• All IP Flat Architecture
• Better wireless data experience than
standard WCDMA & HSPA+.
• Existing 2G/3G SDR, Wimax BTS can be
easily migrated to LTE
• Existing 2G/3G SDR, Wimax BTS can be
easily migrated to LTE.

17. 3GPP Technologies
Evolution & Roadmap

18. With 3GPP’s HSPA+ Evolution, Globe’s existing 3G Spectrum Can Allow it to scale
up to 21 Mbps and then to 42 Mbps DL (with 3GPP Rel. 8)
LTE is a totally different ballgame ! New Spectrum, new
architecture, and new CPE’s.
Source : Qualcomm

19. Comparison between LTE & 3G/UMTS
2003
Tech. evolution
(Standard)
2010
2015
HSPA (R.6-based)
3.5G
LTE/SAE
3.9G (or pre-4G)
Peak Throughput
Requirement
14.4Mbps
100Mbps
System BW
evolution
5MHz
20MHz
CN evolution
CS and PS
Transport evolution ATM / IP
Radio evolution
Receiver evolution
Spectral Efficiency
{1.4, 3.0, 5.0, 10.0 and 20}
IMT-Adv.
4.0G
1Gbps (DL)
500Mbps (UL)
100MHz
Spectrum Aggregation maybe
supported
Packet Core with fixed/ non-3GPP access
All IP Transport
OFDMA (DL)
SC-FDMA (UL)
OFDMA (DL/UL)
(and LMMSE Equalizer)
TX/RX Div./ 4x4 MIMO
(MQRM Equalizer etc.)
TX/RX Div./ 8x8 MIMO
(4x4 MIMO for UL)
2.88/ 1.15
5.0
10.0
CDMA-based
RX Diversity
Forward/ Backward Compatibility
© NEC Corporation 2009

20. Comparison Between WiMax and LTE
LTE
WiMax
Air Interface Rel. 1.5
FDD
FDD
Channel BW
2 X 20 MHz
2 X 20 MHz
BS Antenna
(2X2) MIMO
(2X2) MIMO
MS Antenna
(1X2) SIMO
(1X2) SIMO
64 QAM – 5/6
64 QAM – 5/6
173 Mbps
173 Mbps
Parameter
Duplexing
DL Mod-Coding
DL Peak Rate
UL Mod-Coding
UL Peak Rate
16 QAM – 3/4
64 QAM – 5/6
16 QAM – 3/4
64 QAM – 5/6
57.6 Mbps
86.4 Mbps
110 Mbps
165 Mbps

21. Comparison of WiMax 2 and LTE Development Timelines
The rapid growth of broadband
usage driven by flat rates,
multimedia applications , smart
phones, connected devices,
social networking poses capacity
challenges for today’s
broadband operators especially
in high density urban areas. If
3G network is used to provide for
both Mobile data and DSLsubstitute, then this challenge
aggravates.
Up to 21 Mbps
WiMAX offers operators another
option to not only add capacity to
the access network to meet
current demands and to
segregate fixed broadband
usage from mobile data usage
where DSL is not available.
The other option of course is to
wait for LTE .
Broadband Wave rising rapidly & steadily now
Chart Source : WiMax Forum, Nov 2009

22. Broadband Technologies
for Fixed Line

23. Access Methods & Speeds
Access Method
Speed
Ethernet over Active Fiber
10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, 1 Gbps, 10 Gbps, 40 Gbps
and above
Ethernet over PON
1 Gbps with EPON
1.25 Gbps upstream & 2.5 Gbps downstream with
GPON
Ethernet over SONET/SDH
155 Mbps to 1 Gbps
Ethernet over HFC/DOCSIS
Up to 100 Mbps with DOCSIS 3.0
Ethernet over DSL
Minimum of 2 Mbps using G.SHDSL
Minimum of 10 Mbps over VDSL
Up to 100 Mbps
Ethernet over T1/E1
1.5 Mbps to 16 Mbps with bonding
Ethernet over DS3/E3
34 Mbps to 130 Mbps with bonding
Ethernet over Packet Microwave
1 Mbps to >1Gbps

24. GPON Overview
GPON ONT
STB
HDMI
Fiber-To-The-Home
Ethernet
Ethernet
(FE/GE)
Single Fiber
GE/10GE
n
POTS
GPON OLT
GPON ONT
Single Fiber
Voice, Soft Switch
Passive
Splitter
Multi Dwelling Unit
Multi Tenant Unit
n
2.5 Gbps @ 1490nm
1.25 Gbps @1310nm
GE/10GE
Basic Terms:
OLT - Optical Line Terminal. This is the
central node.
Broadband, Core IP Router
GE/10GE
IPTV Headend
VOD, DRM,
MW
ONT - Optical Network Terminal. This is
the subscriber CPE. ONTs may have
both internet and telephone (POTS)
access ports.
ODN – Optical Distribution Network
Splitter – passive optical splitter
replicates the input signal across several
output fibers
Fiber-To-The-Business

25. Ethernet Access for a Multi-site Enterprise
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Direct Fiber
COAX
WDM
Fiber
MSO/ Cable
Direct Fiber
Ethernet
Ethernet
Carrier 1
SONET/ SDH
TDM
PON Fiber
Ethernet
Carrier 2
Ethernet
DS3/E3
Ethernet
Bonded
T1/E1
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet User to Network Interface (UNI)
Ethernet Network to Network Interface (NNI)
Ethernet

26. Ethernet Over Direct Fiber
Longest Distance
- Distance up to 140 Km with no bandwidth loss
Central Office
Highest Bandwidth Capacity
- Bandwidth Capacity of 100 Mbps, 1 Gbps, 10 Gbps,
40 Gbps, and more.
- WDM enables multiple data streams per fiber link
Security
- Physically secure medium with no EMF
emission; nearly impossible to tap lines
Scalability
- EVC / E-Line / E-LAN using Q-in-Q VLAN
- High capacity enables rate limiting tiered services
NID
Demarcation
Reliability
- Protection with redundant links & resilient rings
- OAM performance monitoring & fault notification
Secure Service Management
- 802.3ah OAM IP-less management & provisioning
- NIDs provide securely managed demarcation
Multi-Customer
NID Demarcation

27. Ethernet Over WDM Fiber
Central Office
Future Proof
- Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) enables
multiple data streams (wavelengths) per fiber link
- CWDM supports up to 18 wavelengths per fiber
access link, more with WDM
- Add/Drop multiplexers provide new access points by
splicing into the WDM fiber link
WDM Ring
Cost Effective
- Increase fiber access capacity and minimize
installation of new fiber links
- Small form pluggable transceivers, multiplexers
and media converters enable WDM wavelengths
with existing infrastructure equipment
Scalability
- Quickly implement new fiber access with
off-the-shelf hardware
- Wavelengths can deliver different network protocols
to mix Ethernet and TDM services over one fiber link
P2P WDM
Fiber Access
Add/Drop
Multiplexer
Direct Fiber
NID
Add/Drop
Multiplexer
Direct Fiber
Multiplexer

28. Ethernet Over HFC (Coax & Fiber)
Cable uses a Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC) network
– Network extends fiber to a node
– Coax is used for lower bandwidth sites while fiber is still used for large bandwidth sites
– Coax-fed and fiber-fed sites are integrated into a single network
Cost effective alternative to Fiber
– Up to 100 Mbps with DOCSIS 3.0 implementation - scalable in 1 Mbps increments
Typical Customer is Regional Business, Multi-site, Internet-heavy
Alternative to Legacy Technologies ATM, Frame Relay, T1
Typical Applications
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Branch office interconnectivity
Dedicated Internet access
Disaster recovery / business continuity
Distance learning
PACS images
Automatic teller machine (ATM)
Security cameras
Point of sale (POS)
Teleworker / remote employees
Node
Ethernet Edge
Aggregator
Carrier
Ethernet
Network

29. Ethernet Over Bonded Copper
Copper Pairs are Bonded to Create a Single Ethernet Pipe
– Long reach 2BASE-TL delivers a minimum of 2 Mbps using G.SHDSL
– Short reach 10PASS-TS delivers a minimum of 10 Mbps over VDSL
Leverages Existing Copper to Fill Fiber Gap
– Only 22% of US and 15% of European
businesses have access to fiber
– Nearly 100% of businesses have enough
copper pairs to get up to 100 Mbps
Fast Service Turn Up, Fast Pay Back
Ethernet
Over
Bonded
Copper
– Deploys in days or weeks
– Requires minimal CapEx
Ethernet
Over
Bonded
Copper
High Bandwidth and Reliability
– Up to 10x more bandwidth than legacy copper solutions
Carrier
Ethernet
– Pair failover capability ensures fiber service level Network
agreements are met or exceeded
Enables Ubiquitous Service Offerings
– Provides services out to reaches that cover
majority of providers’ serving area
Pt-toMultipoint
Ethernet over
Copper Shelf

30. Ethernet Over SONET/SDH
Rapid service turn-up
– Leverages existing equipment and fiber
plant
– Ubiquitous availability world wide
– Well understood provisioning and billing
for off-net applications
– Ethernet enable on-net buildings
Highly resilient and secure service
– Sub-50ms resiliency
– Secure multi-tenant services
– Legacy TDM circuits supported natively
EoS Box
OC/STM
Carrier
Ethernet
Network
– OC-3/STM1 up to OC-192/STM64
physical
– Sub-rate and Available Serviceare availableEncapsulation
Nx OC/STM
Standard
with VCAT bonding
Bandwidth
Technologies
155 Mbps up to 1 Gbps
(with bonding)
Add/Drop
Multiplexer
OC/STM
Add/Drop
Multiplexer
Flexible bandwidth options
Ethernet over
SONET/SDH
Multi-tenant
EoS Box
X.86, GFP
Standard Circuit Bonding
Technologies
VCAT, LAG

31. Ethernet Over Packet Microwave
Packet Microwave Technology
– Cost effective solution
– Rapid service deployment to virtually any site
– Independent of existing wired infrastructure
Carrier
Ethernet
Network
Deployment Scenarios
Carrier
– Complementary and alternative to access Ethernet
and aggregation fiber networks
Network
– Mobile Backhaul networks
– Used in greenfield deployments,
for network expansion and/or upgrades
– Typically used frequency bands from 6 to 40
GHz
– Distances of several 100m up to 150km and
more
Carrier Grade Technology
– Mature, widely deployed solutions
– Scalable throughput up to several Gbps
– Established radio planning and dimensioning
methods for highest availability requirements
User to Network Interface (UNI)
Network to Network Interface (NNI)

32. In Summary …
• The new Internet is mobile; wireless connectivity is
extending into new applications and environments.
• Smartphones will soon dominate the mobile broadband
landscape.
• The outlook is for continuing strong data growth; video
will be a major component.
• HSPA+ is enabling operators to deliver an improved user
experience with higher data performance, reduced
latency at lower cost, and position for growth.
• LTE is the next step in the user experience and
essential for taking mobile broadband to the mass
market and to achieve the full potential of mobile
broadband.

33. In Summary …
• LTE technology is quickly maturing and may present
interesting possibilities. It will co-exist with HSPA/HSPA+
for several more years.
• Access to new spectrum is going to be crucial, as
service providers upgrade and roll-out in more areas.
• GPON is the key enabler for greenfield residential areas
where fiber is readily available.
• ETHERNET continues to be the widely used technology
for business customers.
• Globe Telecom will continue to invest in high-speed
broadband services to serve the needs of Filipinos
nationwide.

34. Cocoy J. Claravall
Business Products & Services
fjclaravall@globetel.com.ph