1. Settlement Planning Process
Process involved in settlement planning
1. Identification of a suitable area:
• The process involve different actors who
will either be affected direct or indirect
like participation of Ward Executive
Officers, ‘Mtaa leaders’ and individuals at
the grassroots level.
• Purpose: to know the boundaries of the
identified area and the existing
conditions.
2. Example of suitable area in the development of
20,000plot project in Dar es Salaam
3. 2. Declaration of the planning areas
• The Minister may, by order published in the
Gazette, declare any are of land to be a
planning area.
• Declaration of planning area shall be
preceded by:
Response at public hearing/public hearings in the
area conducted by the planning authority.
Resolution by planning authority recommending
declaration of planning area.
Positive recommendation by the regional
secretariat of the respective region.
5. 3. Evaluation of existing interests
• The property evaluation agency at the
Ministry of Lands, by way of ward Executive
officer at the concerned Municipality, goes to
the area and evaluate each property. They
mark and count each tree, the types of crops
and the number of buildings in the area.
6. 4. Effecting compensation payment
• The land owners/occupiers shall be
compensated according to the Sec. 12 of
the Land Acquisition Act of 1967. and
Land Act No. 4 of 1999.
Compensation will be affected as per the
compensation schedule and land owners
may also be compensated for disturbance
allowances.
7. 5. General planning scheme
• The purpose of general planning scheme is:
To coordinate sustainable development of
the area so as to promote health, safety,
good order, amenity, convenience and
general welfare of such area as well
efficiency and economy in the process of
such development.
To provide physical development of such
land.
8.
9.
10. Example of detailed planning scheme: Part of
20,000 plots DSM
Kisota Layout Plan
Mwanagati Layout Plan
13. Survey the land
• A subdivision scheme should result
from survey works.
• The land should be surveyed so as to
prepare a survey plan
• The public or private surveyors could
do the survey.
14. • Issuing letters of offer
• Acceptance of letter of offer
• Issuing of and registering a certificate
of Title
• Title deed
Construction
• Before construction a person with Certificate
of Right of Occupancy has to hire licensed
Architect and presents her/his requirement
to have a building design in order to obtain a
building permit.
15. • Presentation of completed forms and
required documentation to the
responsible authority
• Office inspection of the submitted plan
‘s’ and application.
Qn.
How do regulatory frameworks affect the
urban poor?
16. How do regulatory frameworks affect the
urban poor?
The present impacts of regulatory frameworks
on poor people in urban settlement is
generally negative and adversely affected
their livelihoods for the following reasons:
• Regulations generally prevent development
that meet the needs and budget of the urban
poor. Such as incremental development.
• Regulations may also prevent the poor from
generating incomes in residential areas.
• Standards are rarely related to costs and are
often unaffordable to the poor.
18. Example of a Neighborhood design
By Clarence Perry
• In the 1920's, Clarence Perry introduced a
concept that he referred to as "The
Neighborhood Unit.
• The image below is a sketch published
by Perry in 1929 illustrating the
relationships between the residential
components of a neighborhood and the
uses that could easily be traversed to
and from by foot.
19.
20. • 1. Major arterials and traffic routes should
not pass through residential neighborhoods.
Instead, these streets should provide the
boundaries of the neighborhood.
• 2. Interior street patterns should be designed
and constructed through use of cul-de-sacs,
curved layout and light duty surfacing so as
to encourage a quiet, safe, low volume traffic
movement and preservation of the residential
atmosphere.
Perry enunciated his neighborhood
theory and its six basic principles:
21. • 3. The population of the neighborhood
should be that which is necessary to support
its elementary school. (When Perry
formulated his theory, this population was
estimated at about 5,000 persons; current
elementary school size standards probably
would lower the figure to 3,000–4,000
persons.)
• 4. The neighborhood focal point should be
the elementary school centrally located on a
common or green, along with other
institutions that have service areas
coincident with the neighborhood
boundaries
22. • 5. The radius of the neighborhood should be
a maximum of one quarter mile, thus
precluding a walk of more than that distance
for any elementary school child.
• 6. Shopping districts should be sited at the
edge of the neighborhood, preferably at
major street intersections.
23. Settlement planning principles for
development
• Location:
i. Future urban settlement should be located
predominantly within the agreed growth
areas.
ii. Future settlement, should minimize
environmental impacts and be
sustainable.
24. • Land suitability
i. Future development should be located on
land that is suitable for the development
and capable of supporting the proposed uses.
ii. Planning for future development on land
already zoned for settlement but not yet
developed should identify the constraints
and opportunities of the land. Development
should achieve a carefully planned
community, respecting environmental,
resource and hazard issues.
25. cont
iii. Future development should avoid areas of
environmental significance, significant
natural and/or economic resource, potential
hazard, high landscape or cultural heritage
value, or potential increased risk associated
with impacts of climate change.
iv. Future development adjoining land with the
above values should incorporate buffers as
necessary to help protect those values and
to avoid future land use conflict.
26. v. Future development should recognize,
protect and be compatible with any unique
topographic, natural or built cultural features
essential to the visual setting, character,
identity, or heritage significance of the area
or settlement that it is to be located in.
vi. Future development should reflect high
quality design that is compatible with the
local and regional attributes which make up
the region’s character, such as climate,
landscape, history, topography, and existing
built environment.
27. vii. Future development should be designed to ensure
there is public access to an adequate supply of
appropriately located public open space and
recreation areas, to provide for a range of
recreational uses and visual amenity.
viii. Future development should contribute to an
open space network across the local
government area that is designed to:
• encourage and maintain pedestrian
movement and public access to community
resources or public places (such as
watercourses, beaches etc.);
and
28. • to reflect each site’s natural features and
requirements for drainage and water quality
maintenance, and nature conservation and
biodiversity protection.
ix. Future development should encourage
walkability and allow for easy access to
public places, local shops, services and
transport and lead residents to the service
centre.
29. Infrastructure provision
i. Future development should only be
permitted where it can be provided with
adequate, cost effective physical and social
infrastructure to match the expected
population for each settlement.
ii. Future development should strengthen the
efficient use of infrastructure, services and
transport networks.
iii. Future development should be designed
and located to minimize the need to
travel; to maximize opportunity for efficient
public transport and pedestrian access
options; and to encourage energy and
resource efficiency.
31. Employment opportunities
Institutional, Industrial and Commercial land,
should be located so that it can be
conveniently serviced, is accessible to, and
is consistent in scale with the settlement it
serves or is planned to serve.
Tourism opportunities
32. Land use zoning and boundaries
establishment
The essence of land use zoning and
boundaries establishment
• To identify areas where particular uses may
be encouraged through development
programmes, services, financial incentives,
etc.;
• To identify areas with special needs and
problems, as well as areas which require
protection or conservation;
• To provide a basis for infrastructural
development.
