Speech Mechanism in Ora and Communication Skills

1. Oh My! What am I??? Can you Guess???

3. Objectives:
After this presentation, 100% of the students will be
able to:
1. Identify the different parts of the speech
mechanism.
2. Use the different parts of speech mechanism like
the articulators in order to improve the speaking skills.
3. Appreciate the significance of the speech
mechanism in order to protect it from being

4. Trivia Questions:
1. This is the verbal meanS of communication; it is
ProducEd using air which comEs from lungs, thru voCal
folds and out of the moutH.
2. It is characterized by the ideal systeMs of sounds
& by thE underlying phonetiC pattern.
3. In speecH process, this is Another orgaN that
plays an Important role aS the vocal cords need air to
vibrate and produce sound. Also, Man needs this to

5. Video #1/Hand

6. Respiratory System
The parts of it are:
1. Nose and Nasal Cavity  external opening for respiratory and 1st section
of the body’s airway.
2. Mouth or the Oral Cavity  secondary opening for respiratory tract.
3. Pharynx or the Throat  it is divided into 3 regions: Nasopharynx;
Oropharynx and Laryngopharynx.
4. Larynx  has a special structure called Vocal Folds which is responsible
for speech sounds.
5. Trachea or Wind Pipe  is a tube of 5-inch long that connects the Larynx
to the bronchi and allows air to pass through the neck and into the thorax.
6. Bronchi and Bronchioles  At the end of the trachea, this is where the air
separates its way to left and right branches known as primary bronchi. The
process is repeated up to tertiary bronchi.

8. E
V
R
A
The four stages involve in Speaking.
Energizer. Also known as the Breathing
Apparatus (Respiratory System).— Breathing
Stage.

10. Additional parts to the Respiratory System are the:
LUNGS
•The main function of lungs is to extract the oxygen we breathe in then
transfer it to the blood and distribute it all throughout our body.
•We have two lungs.
DIAPHRAGM
•Is a sheet of internal skeletal muscle that extends across the bottom of the
thoracic cavity containing the heart and lungs and performs the function of
respiration.
What is Respiration?
•Respiration is the process in which oxygen is taken into the body and carbon
dioxide is expelled. Or what called the Inhalation and Exhalation.
•As the diaphragm contract, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and
air is drawn into the lungs.

11. BREATHING
•Refers to the process by which air enters and leaves the lungs.
There are two kinds of breathing:
1. Physiological Breathing or the Thoracic Breathing
•This is the normal way of breathing. Or the Breathing for life.
2. Diaphragmatic Breathing
•This is the Breathing for speech.
•This is when we control the release of the air to produce
sounds.
•Inhalation is shorter
•Exhalation is longer

12. E
V
R
A
The four stages involve in Speaking.
Energizer. Also known as the Breathing
Apparatus.— Respiration/Breathing Stage.
Vibrators. Also known as the Voice Box or the
Larynx.— Vibration/Phonation Stage.

13. Vibrators : Vibration
> Responsible for PHONATION as the Larynx opens & closes as it controls the pupping out of
the air from the Breathing Apparatus.
LARYNX.
It is made up of two small bands of elastic tissues. They are responsible for the creation of
the Voiced and Unvoiced Sounds.
The vocal or the elastic bands open and close as the air puffs out of it. And when the air
passes through it, it creates vibration. That is why it is also called as Vibrators..
The principal organ of phonation and has the Adams Apple as its protuberance.
What are Voiced & Voiceless Sounds?
If the air that passes through it is impeded it will create much of the vibration. That happens
when the vocals are held close.
 Voiced are: b, d, u, r, j & g
On the other hand, if the air that passes through the vocal is unimpeded, then it will not
much of the vibration. Thus, it will create voiceless sounds. And that happens when the vocals
held open.
Voiceless are: f, h, s, th & t

14. Vibrators : Vibration
> Responsible for PHONATION as the Larynx opens & closes as it controls the pupping out of
the air from the Breathing Apparatus.
Epiglottis
It is a leaf-shaped flap of cartilage located behind the tongue, at the top of
the larynx.
The main function of epiglottis is to seal of the windpipe during eating, so
that food will not accidentally be inhaled..
Trachea
 Also known as windpipe. Where the wind we inhale and exhale passes
through.
Esophagus
Is the other pipe where food and liquid that we drink goes in.

15. E
V
R
A
The four stages involve in Speaking.
Energizer. Also known as the Breathing
Apparatus.— Breathing Stage.
Vibrators. Also known as the Voice Box or the
Larynx.— Vibration/Phonation Stage.
Resonators. Also known as the Amplifiers.—
Resonation/Amplification-Modification Stage.

18. E
V
R
A
The four stages involve in Speaking.
Energizer. Also known as the Breathing
Apparatus.— Breathing Stage.
Vibrators. Also known as the Voice Box or the
Larynx.— Vibration/Phonation Stage.
Resonators. Also known as the Amplifiers.—
Amplification/Modification Stage.
Articulators. Responsible for the creation of
meaningful sounds—Articulation Stage.

19. Articulationoccurs when the tone produced at the larynx is changed into specific
sounds. These change of sounds are possible through:
1. The point of articulation.
•This refers to an immovable or relatively immovable parts and that of a more movable
parts as they approaches or comes into contact within an articulation.
2. The manner of articulation.
•The articulatory phonetics which deals with how the speech organ works together. It is
the configuration and interaction of the articulators when making a speech sounds.

21. Articulators:
LIPS
•The upper lips and lower lip aid to produce the BILIBIAL sounds such as /p, b, m/.
•If they are held together the sound they produce are /p & b/ and the position is called
BILIBIAL STOP. Also, different vowels are produced.
•The lips are highly flexible and can be moved into numerous positions essential to
articulations.
TEETH
•The teeth play the part in the production of consonant sounds.
•The upper teeth only take part in the production of speech sounds.
•The lower teeth do not take part for the production of the sounds.
•The sound produced with the help of the upper teeth is called the DENTAL sounds such as
the / q & r/.
•The front teeth serve as important surface in articulation.
•These teeth are embedded in the alveolar or gum ridges of the oral cavity.
TONGUE
•This is an important part of speech mechanism for it has the greatest variety of movement.

22. Articulators:
• The tongue is divided into four parts.
1. Blade 3. Front
2. Tip 4. Back
• The vowels vary from each other because of the position of the tongue.
PALATE
• This is the covering of the mouth.
• This divides the Oral and Nasal Cavity
1. SOFT PALATE
Also known as the VELUM.
The last part of the soft palate is called the UVULA.
When this is lowered, the NASAL sounds are produced /m, n, ng/
When it is raised, the air passes out through the oral cavity and the ORAL sounds are
produced /p, t, k, s, & so on/.
2. HARD PALATE
 It is the boney section of the Palate
 Connected with the soft palate and comprises about 2/3 of the palate.

23. Video #3/4

24. Articulators:
And lastly is the Alveolar Ridge or the Gums.
•It is positioned between the upper teeth and the hard palate.
•The sound produced with the tongue touching the alveolar ridge is the
ALVEOLAR sounds such as /s, t, d, & so on/.
Video #5

25. V. Application and Generalization
 Group Activity
Mechanics:
•The students will be divided into 4 groups
 Tasks:
1. Each group will be given a picture that they will identify and will tell something about it.
2. Also, they need to cite factors that may harm speech organ as well as good habits that may
promote welfare of the speech organ.
3. Lastly, based on the discussion. Define speech mechanism in three sentences only.
4. Afterwards, the representative of the group will show the pictures to the class and discuss
briefly their consolidated answers.
5. The students will be given 2 mins to work on their answer
Groups who will complete the task in the given time will earn numbers of gold coins.