2. CONTENT
• Meaning and definition of method
• Importance of using different methods
• Types of social work methods: 1. primary 2. secondary
3. METHOD
• Method means “a way of doing things” “a set of skills and techniques”. But then
everybody has a way of doing things which is based on his/ her theory of action.
His assumptions regarding the situation guide his actions.
4. METHODS OF SOCIAL WORK
PRIMARY METHODS
• Social case work
• Social group work
• Community Organisation
SECONDARY METHODS
• Social action
• Social welfare administration
• Social work research
5. SOCIAL CASE WORK
• working with individuals in human welfare organizations to help clients cope
more efficiently with their problems in the context of their social functioning
• enables individuals to deal with their problems in a systematic manner based on
the knowledge of human behaviour and various other tested approaches.
• Social casework is a process used by human welfare agencies to help individuals
to cope more effectively with their problems in social functioning.
6. ATTRIBUTES OF CASEWORK
RELATIONSHIP
• Warmth
• Empathy
• Genuineness
• Authority
• Transference and Counter
Transference
PRINCIPLES
• Principle of Individualization
• Principle of Purposeful expression of feelings
• Principle of Controlled emotional involvement
• Principle of Acceptance
• Principle of Non Judgmental attitude
• Principle of Client’s right to Self Determination
• Principle of Confidentiality
7. SCOPE OF SOCIAL CASE WORK
Based on the following components
• Person-in-context
• concern or the problem requiring help
• agency that provide help
• Medical Social Services/Health Care.
• Mental Health/Clinical Social Work.
• Family Welfare Services.
• Child Welfare Service/Child Protection.
• Community Welfare/Development.
• Women Welfare Service.
• Labor Welfare Service.
• Welfare Service for the Handicapped.
9. SUPPORTIVE TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS
• ACCEPTANCE
• FACILITATION OF EXPRESSION OF FEELINGS
• ALLYING FEELINGS THAT ARE
OVERPOWERING
• ACCREDITING AND BUILDING OF SELF-
CONFIDENCE
• ENCOURAGEMENT AND REASSURANCE
• BEING WITH THE CLIENT
• ADVOCACY
• INTERVIEWING
• RECORDING
• HOME VISIT
• SUPERVISION
• LIASONING
10. SOCIAL GROUP WORK
• GROUPS MUST HAVE COMMON ELEMENTS-common motives and goals,roles,
accepted values and norms,interdependency, mutual influence
• Factors Influencing Group Formation: attraction, task of the group,affiliation
Types of Groups: Voluntary vs. Involuntary Groups, Open vs. Closed Groups, Primary
vs. Secondary Groups, Natural vs. Formed Groups, Treatment vs. Task Groups,
formal-informal group
Scope- De-addiction Centres, Youth Welfare, Schools,hospital,
anganawadi,correctional settings, SHGs,
11. • model - Papell and Rothman (1966) have suggested three models:
1. remedial - where the aim on the part of the work/agency is individual social
adaption.
2. reciprocal - where the aim is to strengthen mutual aid and to mediate between
individuals and society.
3. social goals - where the concern is to further social justice often through
collective, social action
12. COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION
• Macro method
• can be successfully implemented at the local level
• to solve the problems and fulfill the needs of its ‘client’, which is the community.
It is also concerned with: a) the release of its latent potentialities; b) the
optimalised use of its indigenous resources; c) the development of its capacity to
manage its own life; and d) the enhancement of its ability to function as an
integrated unit
13. PRINCIPLES
• The Principle of Specific Objectives
• The Principle of Planning
• People participation
• The Principle of Democratic Functioning
• Flexibility
• Optimum Utilisation of Indigenous Resources
14. SOCIAL ACTION
• is an organized effort to change or improve social and economic institutions
through organization and mobilization of the community people
• social action covers movements of social, religious and political reform, social
legislation, racial and social justice, human rights, freedom and civic liberty
• Prime aim of social action is redistribution of resources and power to provide
social justice to all sections of the population
• “Social action is a conscious collective action against exploitation and oppression
at a local level.”
15. SOCIAL WELFARE ADMINISTRATION
• Social welfare administration is a process through which social policy is
transformed into social services. It involves the administration of government and
non-government agencies.
• John C. Kidneigh (1950) defines social welfare administration as the “process of
transforming social policy into social services…. a two way process: (i).
…transforming policy into concrete social services and (ii) the use of experience in
recommending modification of policy
16. • John C. Kidneigh (1950) defines social welfare administration as the “process of
transforming social policy into social services…. a two way process: (i).
…transforming policy into concrete social services and (ii) the use of experience in
recommending modification of policy
17. FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL WELFARE ADMINISTRATION
• To formulate the appropriate objectives and programmes of the agency
• To analyze the collected information so as to plan appropriate measures to solve
social problems
• To recognize, screen and opt for an appropriate plan of action to tackle problems
and handle the initiatives of the social welfare agency
• Formulating policies, programmes and plans for effectively carrying out the
objectives of the social welfare agency in a planned manner
18. SCOPE OF SOCIAL WELFARE ADMINISTARTION
POSDCoRB view
• P Planning
• O Organising
• S Staffing
• D Directing
• Co Coordinating
• R Reporting
• B Budgeting
19. SOCIAL WORK RESEARCH
• Social work research is the application of research methods to the
production of knowledge that social workers need to solve problems they
confront in the practice of social work.
• offers an opportunity for all social workers to make a difference or modification
in their practice.
• major objective of social work research is to search for answers to questions
raised regarding interventions or treatment effectiveness in social work practice.
20. PROCESS
• Identification of Problem
• Need Assessment
• Selection of Social Work Research Design
• Pre-Intervention Measurement
• Intervention
• Post-Intervention Measurement
• Inferences
21. • Stage I : Selection and Formulation of
a Problem
Stage II : Formulation of Hypothesis
Stage III : Formulation of Research
Design Stage IV : Collection of Data
Stage
V : Analysis and Interpretation of Data
Stage
VI : Generalizations
22. REFERENCE
• IGNOU Study materials for MSW
• Methods of Social Work Practice- Renuka kumar
• P.D. Sharma, “Social Work –Philosophy and Methods, Inter-India Publications, New
Delhi, 1995
