Social impact assessment (SIA) is a methodology to review the social effects of infrastructure projects and other development interventions.
این ارائه برای درس کنترل پروژه دکتر فیروزآبادی در دانشکده علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه تهران توسط یاسر درخشان تهیه شده است.
4. 1. Finsterbusch, Kurt, Lynn G. Llewellyn, and C.P. Wolf (eds.) 1983. Social
Impact Assessment Methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
2. Guidelines and Principles For Social Impact Assessment , Prepared by
The Interorganizational Committee on Guidelines and Principles for Social
Impact Assessment, May 1994.
.3زاده اسماعیل،دیگران و حسن( .1389)اجتماعی تاثیر ارزیایب جامع راهنمای،
ها طرح و ها ها،برنامه سیاست ،اجتماعی تاثیر ارزیایب میل کنگره،سالاول،
پاییز1389.
.4مجید سید ،امایم( .1392)ازSIAاتا تانور نشر ،.
منابع
5. Social impact assessment (SIA) is a methodology to review the social effects of
infrastructure projects and other development interventions. Although SIA is usually
applied to planned interventions, the same techniques can be used to evaluate the
social impact of unplanned events, for example disasters, demographic change and
epidemics.
Social Impact Assessment
6. The origins of SIA largely derive from the environmental impact assessment (EIA)
model, which first emerged in the 1970s in the U.S, as a way to assess the impacts
on society of certain development schemes and projects before they go ahead - for
example, new roads, industrial facilities, mines, dams, ports, airports, and other
infrastructure projects.
History
7. Definitions for "social impact assessment" vary by different sectors and
applications. According to the International Association for Impact Assessment,
"Social impact assessment includes the processes of analyzing, monitoring and
managing the intended and unintended social consequences, both positive and
negative, of planned interventions (policies, programs, plans, projects) and any
social change processes invoked by those interventions. Its primary purpose is to
bring about a more sustainable and equitable biophysical and human environment."
Definition
18. تاثیر ارزیابی مراحلاجتماعی
4.اثرات یابی دامنه
Scoping - After obtaining a technical under-standing of the proposal, identify the full range
of probable social impacts that will be addressed based on discussion or interviews with
numbers of all potentially affected.
اح اجتمالاعی اثالرات از ای گسترده طیف به دهی اولویت و شناسایی یعین یایب دامنهاز تمالایل
نفع؛ ذی مختلف افراد با مصاحبه چون مختلفی های روش طریق
.1کارگاهی متدهای
.2مشارکیت ارزیایب متدهای
22. تاثیر ارزیابی مراحلاجتماعی
8.ا جبرانی اقدامات و آلترناتیوها ارزیابیثر
Changes in Alternatives - Recommended new or changed alternatives and estimate or
project their consequences.
م نفعان ذی برای نتایج بیین پیش اساس بر آلترناتیوها ارزیایب شامل مرحله ایناقدام از تاثر
است ای توسعه.شود ارزیایب جداگانه باید ای توسعه اقدام برای آلترناتیوی هر.
23. تاثیر ارزیابی مراحلاجتماعی
9. Mitigation
Mitigation - Develop a mitigation plan.
A social impact assessment not only forecasts impacts, it should identify means to mitigate
adverse impacts. Mitigation includes avoiding the impact by not taking or modifying an
action; minimizing, rectifying, or reducing the impacts through the design or operation of the
project or policy; or compensating for the impact by providing substitute facilities, resources,
or opportunities.
36. Social impact assessment is predicted on the notion that decision-makers should understand the consequences
of their decisions before they act, and that the people affected will not only be appraised of the effects, but have
the opportunity to participate in designing their future.
The social environment is different than their future. The social environment is different than the natural
environment because it reacts in anticipation of change, but can adapt in reasoned ways to changing
circumstance in part of the planning process. In addition, persons in different social settings interpret change in
different ways, and react in different ways.
Conclusion
37. Perhaps because of this complexity, or the political consequences of making explicit the social consequences of
projects and programs, social impact assessment has not been well-integrated into agency decision –making.
The guidelines and principles presented herein are designed to assist agencies and other institutions in
implementing SIA within the context of NEPA process. If a well-prepared SIA is integrated into the decision-
making process, better decisions will result.
Destiny