2. Digital Health
• First introduced by Frank in 2000 in a
journal article entitled Digital Health
Care—The Convergence of Health
Care and the Internet
Medical Care &
World Wide Web
(Frank, 2000)
Internet of Medical
Things from the
concept Internet of
Things introduced by
Kevin Ashton in 2000
eHealth & mHealth
(WHO, 2019
Use of Artificial
Intelligence
(Chang, 2020)
Digital
Health
• Digital Health is COVID-19 Pandemic’s
Legacy (Bruining, 2021).
• According to Matthews et al. (2019),
investments in Digital Health
skyrocketed to 6 billion US dollars by
the year 2017.
3. Digital Health & Internet
Ease of Communication using IoT in Health
• Remote Diagnosis in Emergency Scenarios through body sensor networks and wearable
sensors (Ratta et al., 2021)
• Improved overall performance of healthcare system during pandemic by allowing
connectivity of physical objects through the internet (Javaiad & Khan, 2021)
Dominant in Literature Search using
Google Scholar with the keyword Medical
Internet of Things
• Analyze athletes’ conditions and offer proper medications even if doctors are away using
Smart Healthcare Monitoring Systems (Wu et. al, 2021)
• Telemedicine allows remote communication between doctors and patients and is preferred
by most patients due to current state of COVID-19 as it reduces exposure in hospitals and
medical centers (Anthony Jnr, 2021)
4. Digital Health Trends (TMF, 2022)
Patient Empowerment
Lifestyle Medicine
Globalized Healthcare
Pharma companies & Digital Health
Direct-to-consumer Genetic Testing
Nutrigenomics
Food Scanners
Portable Diagnostic Devices
A.I Guided Ultrasound
Conscious Health Consumer
Virtual Visits and Chatbots
Artificial Intelligence
Bioprinting
3D Printing
Automation
COVID-19
Mixed Reality
Virtual Reality
Robots
Digital Health Insurance
5. Digital Health Trends (TMF, 2022)
The top 20 trends can be condensed into the following themes:
• Telemedicine
a. Virtual Visits and Chatbots
b. Virtual Reality
c. Pharmacy Digital Health Service
• Artificial Intelligence
a. Virtual Visits and Chatbots
b. Robots
c. Virtual Reality
d. Mixed Reality
e. Automation
f. Bioprinting & 3D Printing
g. Portable Diagnostic Devices
• Patient-Oriented Care & Precision Medicine
a. Lifestyle Medicine
b. Globalized Health Care
c. Patient Empowerment
d. Nutrigenomics
e. Food Scanners
f. Direct-to-consumer Genetic Testing
• COVID-19
• Catalyst of Digital Health
6. Digital Health & COVID-19
Ø From The Lancet, 11 out of the 55 results related to Digital Health made
actual mention of COVID-19 and direct link to Digital Health.
ü Bengio et al. (2020) Privacy in Public Digital Contact Tracing for COVID-19
ü Braithwaite et al. (2020) Automated and Partly automated contact tracing
ü Cosgriff et al. (2020) Data Sharing in COVID-19 era
ü Gasser et al. (2020) Ethical Challenges on COVID-19 Digital Tools
ü Gunasekeran et al. (2021) Digital Health in Ophthalmology during COVID-19
ü McCall (2020) COVID-19 and Artificial Intelligence
ü Schwamm et al. (2020) COVID-19 catalyzed Virtual Model of Care
ü Tsao et al. (2021) Social Media and COVID-19
ü Watts (2020) COVID-19 and Digital Divide
ü Whitelaw et al. (2020) Digital Technology in COVID-19 Planning & Response
ü Zhoue et al. (2020) Artificial Intelligence for COVID-19 Drug repurposing
Using Google Scholar and the
keyword “Digital Health” alone,
COVID-19 is inevitably linked to it
in literatures published since 2020.
Using the Metrics function of
Google Scholar, the predominance
of COVID-19 in Digital Health
publications was investigated.
The Lancet was selected being the
top publication with 55 results
related to Digital Health.
Google Scholar Metrics uses h5-
index thereby it look for literatures
published in the past 5 years.
7. Digital Health & COVID-19
• Primary Trends regarding COVID-19 & Digital health
Ø Pandemic Response using Digital Health as mentioned by
Whitelaw et al. (2020)
§ According to Tilahun et al. (2021) the lessons brought by
the COVID-19 pandemic should be applied to future
digital health technologies to refine health system
response for future pandemics.
Ø Digital Contact Tracing as mentioned by Braithwaite et al.
(2020)
§ Manual Contact Tracing à Intensive, Time-consuming,
Delays (Keeling et al., 2020)
§ Digital Contact Tracing à address the limitations of
Manual Tracing (Ferretti et al., 2020)
ü Automation à Results and symptom reports
ü Utilizing smartphone capabilities such as Bluetooth
8. Digital Health & COVID-19
• Primary Trends regarding COVID-19 &
Digital health
Ø Improving Data Privacy measures and
Addressing Ethical Issues
§ According to Gasser et al. (2020), violation
to patient Autonomy is the most obvious
ethical drawback of digital health
technology.
ü Mandatory use of apps
ü Apps that include permissions to
collect data beyond their stated
purpose.
§ Loftus et al. (2022) proposed the usage of an
algorithm that will ensure ethical usage of
digital technologies in health using 6 desirable
characteristics.
9. Digital Health & COVID-19
• The Rise of Telemedicine
Ø Telemedicine has taken the center stage when the
COVID-19 held its grip on the whole world (Marin,
2020).
Ø The pandemic acted as a catalyst in making digital
solutions and advanced technology tools in healthcare
adopted in a global scale (Omboni et al., 2022).
Ø During the height of the pandemic, it permitted
patients with mild disease to get the care they need
while minimizing their exposure to other people
(Portnoy et al., 2020).
10. Digital Health & COVID-19
• Future of Telemedicine
v Areas to Improve according to Omboni et al. (2022)
1. Policies to legislate telemedicine, license
healthcare operators, protect patients’ privacy,
and implement reimbursement plans
2. Guidelines for the routine clinical use of
telemedicine in different contexts;
3. Integration of telemedicine with traditional
healthcare services
4. Awareness of and willingness to use telemedicine
5. Technological, infrastructural, and economic
barriers.
11. Digital Health & AI
ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
Wearable Devices
AI-Powered Digital
Health Platforms
Bioprinting & 3D
Printing
Wearable ECG
Improved health outcomes for seniors in assisted
living communities (Wilmink et al., 2020)
Weight Reduction associated with preventive
programs via digital health platform
(Auster-Gussman et al., 2022)
Patch via Bluetooth (Lin et al., 2019)
Watch (Randazzo et al., 2019)
Bioprinting of Kidney
(Fransen et al., 2021)
Chatbots
Ask Rosa – Breast & Ovarian Cancer Chatbot
(Siglen et al., 2022)
HealthBots in Telemedicine
(Vasileiou & Maglogiannis, 2022)
Bioprinting of Blood Vessels
(Wang et al., 2022)
12. Digital Health & AI
Healthcare Robots
https://www.aldebaran.com/en/blog/news-trends/how-have-
humanoid-robots-been-effective-supporting-our-healthcare-
workers-during
https://www.medicaldevice-network.com/comment/what-are-
the-main-types-of-robots-used-in-healthcare/
v Robots reduces Workload and Enhances
Healthcare Experience (Kaiser et al., 2021)
v Multitasking-Intelligent Nurse Aid (MINA)
Robot to reduce nurse burnout
(Nambiappan et al., 2021)
v CHARMIE Assistant Robot for Elderly Care
(Ribeiro et al., 2021)
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