Presentation covering three aspects of my research - Ethical Design, Agile-creativity and Boundary Objects

1. 3 CORE DESIGN
ACTIVITIES:
1- CREATIVITY
2- MANIFESTING
3- ETHICS
© John Knight - 2013

2. CREATIVITY
There is arguably something unique about designers

3. ANALYSIS
IMAGINATION
EVALUATION
DesignThinking/Creativity comprises…….

4. ANALYSIS
EVALUATION
IMAGINATION
RECURSION
However, Creativity is recursive…….it goes round

5. TRIANGLUATION
And good creativity goes beyond ‘pure design’ issues
Feasibility
Scope
Market
Cost
TTM
Legislation
Innovation
Economics

6. Continually ask the 12 Questions for Design:
1. What is the problem/opportunity?
2. Are the risks known/mitigated?
3. What is possible/impossible?
4. What is fixed/changeable?
5. What is the design brief?
6. What is the likely future impact predictable?
7. What are the elements of design?
8. How is value created/consumed
9. What happens after design?
10. What solutions are there?
11. Is the proposed design successful?
12. What is the design rationale?
Practical recommendation

7. MANIFESTING
The doing is as important as the thinking….

8. MANIFESTATION
‘The action of making manifest;
†exposition, explanation (obs.); the fact of
being manifested; the demonstration,
revelation, or display of the existence,
presence, qualities, or nature of some
person or thing.’
OED
And the real value of DesignThinking is…….

9. BLUEPRINTS
MODELS
SKETCHES
DOCUMENTS
MANIFESTING
Design Doing is manifesting DesignThinking….

10. Such manifestations are akin to Boundary Objects
‘A boundary object is a concept in boundary
object is a concept in sociology to describe
information used in different ways by different
communities.They are plastic, interpreted
differently across communities but with enough
immutable content to maintain integrity.The
concept was introduced by Susan Leigh Star and
James R. Griesemer in a 1989 publication (p.
393):’
Wikipedia

11. Create and communicate thinking through
boundary objects as early as possible and ensure
involvement and buy-in among stakeholders
Practical recommendation

12. ETHICS
Designing for others arguably necessitates responsibility

13. IMPACT
Design has….(an)…

14. Design’s intent and impact can be more or less explicit
‘NewYork's Long Island highway overpasses
were deliberately designed by Robert Moses so
as to be too low to allow passage beneath them
by public buses.This design decision was also a
political decision, and the technical arrangement
it put in place was also a political
arrangement….low overpasses effectively denied
poor people and racial minorities…access to the
public park and beaches.’
Winner, 1980

15. HOWEVER,
ACCOUNTING
FUTURE IMPACT
INTO DESIGN IS
DIFFICULT

16. Create user stories that account for impact
based on ethical principles such as:
• Autonomy
• Fairness
• Non-maleficence
• Beneficence
Practical recommendation

17. Example Universal User Stories:
As a user I can tailor my experience to meet my needs without
loss of quality
As a user my experience is effective, efficient and satisfying
throughout the product/service lifecycle
As a user I am enabled to be fully in control of my experience
and learn from it.
As a user I derive sustainable value and benefit from my
experience.
As a user I am made aware of potential harm and protected
from it.
As a user my freedom and the respect for others is enhanced.
As a user I am able to provide feedback in anonymity.
Practical recommendation (2)

18. Kiitos
John.knight@aalto.fi
@worldofknight