The document provides an overview of the design thinking process, focusing on the Define and Ideate modes. It discusses how defining involves developing a deep understanding of users and problems through activities like interviews, empathy findings, and creating a point of view statement. Ideating involves brainstorming techniques to generate many ideas, with rules like encouraging quantity, deferring judgment, and building on others' ideas. Prototyping is also covered, explaining that prototypes can take many forms and should be used early to explore ideas and test solutions with users through an iterative process. Videos demonstrate examples of prototyping, empathy research, and testing prototypes with users.
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Define mode: What is it ?
When you unpack & synthesize your empathy findings into
compelling needs & insights, & scope a specific &
meaningful challenge.
Two (2) Goals :
a. Develop a deep understanding of your users & the design
space and,
b. Based on that understanding, come up with an actionable
problem statement: your Point of View (PoV).
Your PoV: a guiding statement that focuses on specific users, &
insights & needs that you uncovered during the empathize
mode.
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Define: Why ?
•Critical to the design process because it
explicitly expresses the problem you are
striving to address through your efforts.
•To be truly generative, first craft a specific
& compelling problem statement to use as
a solution-generation springboard.
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Point-of-View (PoV) Madlib: Why Use this ?
A good PoV Madlib helps you to :
•Reframe a design challenge into an actionable problem
statement that will launch you into generative ideation.
•Provide a scaffolding to develop your POV.
•Ideate in a directed manner, by creating How-Might-We
(HMW) questions based on your POV.
•Capture your design vision : your responsibility &
opportunity as a designer is to discover & articulate the
meaningful challenge.
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Point-of-View (PoV) Madlib: How to use
•Use the following madlib to capture & harmonize three elements of
a POV: user, need, & insight.
•[USER] needs to [USER’S NEED] because [SURPRISING INSIGHT]
•Use a whiteboard or scratch paper to try out a number of options,
playing with each variable & the combinations of them.
•The need & insight should flow from your unpacking & synthesis
work.
•Remember, ‘needs’ should be verbs, & the insight typically should
not simply be a reason for the need, but rather a synthesized
statement that you can leverage in designing a solution.
•Keep it sexy (it should intrigue people) & hold the tension in your
POV
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“Why” Jakarta has traffic congestion?
Too many cars
(cars > road
growth)
Bad drivers Too many people
No convenient public
transportation
People need to get
around to:
Car
numbers
growing
too fast
No law
enforcement
No incentive to
be a good
driver
• Work
• School
• Shop
• Enjoy drive
High
urbanization
No
incentive
for birth
control
No
investor
Difficult
land
acquisition
Jakarta
more
opportunity
Shifting
interest
from
farm to
industryUneven
development
Example : WHY HOW LADDERING
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“How” Might We.....
1. Increase,
•…extra time & energy to do activities because of traffic jam ?
•…work efficiency or effectiveness with Jakarta traffic jam ?
•… quality of mass transportation ?
•… awareness to drive properly, especially motorcycle riders in Jakarta ?
2. Limit,
•… increasing no. of personal vehicles
•… usage of old cars on the streets
3. Reduce,
•… no. of vehicles in Jakarta
4. Fix,
•… infrastructure by increasing quality of public transportation
OBJECTIVES: Solving Jakarta’s traffic jam
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Design Thinking : The Process - Ideate
DEFINE IDEATE
PROTOTY
PE
TEST
SHOW
DON’T
TELL
EMPA
THYZE
Q: How can we come up with lots of new ideas ?
A: Brainstorming
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Tools overview: Brainstorming
Purpose: Creative group facilitation technique that
encourages participation from all group members.
Description : A brainstorming session always requires a,
1.Facilitator,
2.Brainstorming space and
3. Something to write ideas, preferably a white-board
or flip chart.
Facilitator's responsibilities :
•Guide the session,
•Encourage participation and,
•Write down ideas.
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Tools overview: Brainstorming
Rules. To enhance creativity a brainstorm session should
have these rules:
• Quantity counts.
• No criticism.
• Unusual ideas are welcome.
• Build on other people’s ideas.
Best. Brainstorming works best with “a varied group of
people”. Even in specialist areas, outsiders can bring a
fresh idea that inspires the thinking of the experts.
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Design Thinking: IDEATE
8mins Brainstorming
video
Challenge: How Might We increase
the convenience to store “used chewing
gums” for re-chewing later ?
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Design Thinking : The Process - Define
DEFINE IDEATE
PROTOTY
PE
TEST
SHOW
DON’T
TELL
EMPA
THYZE
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HUMANLY DESIRED
• Present your Prototype Ideas to your friends /stakeholders
• Get their feedbacks
• Use your class preference as Inputs
TECHNOLOGICALLY FEASIBLE
• What Technolog(ies) that Can Be the “Enabler of your
Solutions” ?
• How Easy is it to Implement the Solutions? (Very Easy: High,
So so: Medium, Difficult: Low) ? >> Describe the Rationale
• Are you Foreseeing “Relevant Technology Changes” in the
Next 3 Years ? (H, M, L) >> Describe the Rationale
Prototype: Testing
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•6m Vid clip: How
prototyping affect
design results @
Stanford Design School
Video: Prototyping
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Prototyping: What is it ?
Getting ideas and explorations out of your head and into
the physical world.
A prototype can be anything that takes a physical form –
be it a wall of post-it notes, a role-playing activity, a space,
an object, an interface, or even a storyboard.
The resolution of your prototype should be
commensurate with your progress in your project.
In early explorations keep your prototypes rough and
rapid to allow yourself to learn quickly and investigate a
lot of different possibilities.
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Prototyping: Why ?
•Empathy gaining. Prototyping : a tool to deepen your
understanding of the design space and your user, even
at a pre-solution phase of your project.
•Exploration. Build to think. Develop multiple solution
options.
•Testing. Create prototypes (and develop the context)
to test and refine solutions with users.
•Inspiration. Inspire others (teammates, clients,
customers, investors) by showing your vision.
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Prototyping: Iterative prototyping
•Create an experience for user
to interact with concentrate on
emotion and mindsets
•Get users to “physically do
things” that will trigger new
perspective