Running head: THE SURROGATE ROLE 1 THE SURROGATE ROLE 4 The Surrogate Role Student Name Institutional Affiliation Course Date The Surrogate Role Based on Peplau's theory, the nurse's surrogate role is when they act as a substitute or advocate for another human who is well-recognized to the client, such as a sibling, parent, relative, teacher, or friend. In the process, a client can unconsciously transfer emotions or behaviors attached to the significant other onto the provider/nurse. The nurse responds to help the client to know the differences and similarities between themselves and others (Hagerty et al., 2017). The nurse clarifies the activities that require the patient's independence, dependence on the nurse, and interdependence. In nursing homes or intensive care units, a nurse may become a surrogate when patients depend on nursing care. This role can be seen throughout the contemporary nursing process and may be leveraged to accurately and appropriately deliver solutions within healthcare. For instance, the surrogate role is witnessed when caring for psychiatric or mental health patients. Within the therapeutic environment, the nurse nurtures an accepting ambiance wherein the client feels secure physically and emotionally, relaxed, and can freely share their thoughts and feelings. Such a situation is achieved if the nurse is honest, friendly, sincere yet firm and non-judgmental to the client (Hagerty et al., 2017).In this environment, the nurse utilizes the principle of psychotherapy to assist the client in recognizing their feelings, emotions, behavior, and thoughts while helping them find solutions to their problems. In nursing homes and intensive care units, the nurse's surrogate role is seen when they act as parent surrogates through activities such as dressing, feeding, bathing, or rubbing the patient. The nurse also helps the patient understand why they could be in pain and assure them of priority given to their well-being. The nurse focuses on the patient's reactions and the intended health outcomes as the patient progresses toward positive health outcomes. Alongside the surrogate parent, the nurse may be the care provider, the counselor, or the educator in such situations. This scenario allows the nurse to utilize professional knowledge, skill, and education to address a health problem. It is a crucial period for the patient when the nurse serves as the surrogate parent as they identify the nurse as consistently helping, providing empathy, and providing unconditional care. The surrogate role primarily revolves around the nurse-patient relationship during care, necessitating tactful and skillful communication between the nurse and patient (Wasaya et al., 2021). When patients are in critical conditions, such as in an emergency or feeling helpless, the nurse's reassurance as the surrogate parent promotes their overall health and well-being. This way, nurses working in these areas assist patients in regaining t.

1. Running head: THE SURROGATE ROLE 1
THE SURROGATE ROLE 4
The Surrogate Role
Student Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course
Date
The Surrogate Role
Based on Peplau's theory, the nurse's surrogate role is when
they act as a substitute or advocate for another human who is
well-recognized to the client, such as a sibling, parent, relative,
teacher, or friend. In the process, a client can unconsciously
transfer emotions or behaviors attached to the significant other
onto the provider/nurse. The nurse responds to help the client to

2. know the differences and similarities between themselves and
others (Hagerty et al., 2017). The nurse clarifies the activities
that require the patient's independence, dependence on the
nurse, and interdependence. In nursing homes or intensive care
units, a nurse may become a surrogate when patients depend on
nursing care.
This role can be seen throughout the contemporary nursing
process and may be leveraged to accurately and appropriately
deliver solutions within healthcare. For instance, the surrogate
role is witnessed when caring for psychiatric or mental health
patients. Within the therapeutic environment, the nurse nurtures
an accepting ambiance wherein the client feels secure
physically and emotionally, relaxed, and can freely share their
thoughts and feelings. Such a situation is achieved if the nurse
is honest, friendly, sincere yet firm and non-judgmental to the
client (Hagerty et al., 2017).In this environment, the nurse
utilizes the principle of psychotherapy to assist the client in
recognizing their feelings, emotions, behavior, and thoughts
while helping them find solutions to their problems. In nursing
homes and intensive care units, the nurse's surrogate role is
seen when they act as parent surrogates through activities such
as dressing, feeding, bathing, or rubbing the patient. The nurse
also helps the patient understand why they could be in pain and
assure them of priority given to their well-being.
The nurse focuses on the patient's reactions and the intended
health outcomes as the patient progresses toward positive health
outcomes. Alongside the surrogate parent, the nurse may be the
care provider, the counselor, or the educator in such situations.
This scenario allows the nurse to utilize professional
knowledge, skill, and education to address a health problem. It
is a crucial period for the patient when the nurse serves as the
surrogate parent as they identify the nurse as consistently
helping, providing empathy, and providing unconditional care.
The surrogate role primarily revolves around the nurse-patient
relationship during care, necessitating tactful and skillful
communication between the nurse and patient (Wasaya et al.,

3. 2021). When patients are in critical conditions, such as in an
emergency or feeling helpless, the nurse's reassurance as the
surrogate parent promotes their overall health and well-being.
This way, nurses working in these areas assist patients in
regaining their health and well-being. Nurses often utilize a
combination of conceptual frameworks and theories in their
everyday nursing practice. Concepts from various approaches,
such as Peplau's, continue to evolve and guide contemporary
nursing and the future. Nurses must apply for the surrogate role
in the context of their application environments and populations
to drive positive health outcomes.
References
Hagerty, T. A., Samuels, W., Norcini-Pala, A., & Gigliotti, E.
(2017). Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations: An
Alternate Factor Structure for Patient Experience Data?
Nursing Science Quarterly,
30(2), 160-167.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0894318417693286.
Wasaya, F., Shah, Q., Shaheen, A., & Carroll, K. (2021).
Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations: A Case
Study. Nursing Science Quarterly, 34(4):368-371.
https:doi.org/10.1177/08943184211031573.

4. Note: The teaching plan proposal developed in this assignment
will be used to develop your Community Teaching Plan:
Community Presentation due in Topic 5. You are strongly
encouraged to begin working on your presentation once you
have received and submitted this proposal.
Select one of the following as the focus for the teaching plan:
1. Primary Prevention/Health Promotion
2. Secondary Prevention/Screenings for a Vulnerable Population
3. Bioterrorism/Disaster
4. Environmental Issues
Use the "Community Teaching Work Plan Proposal" resource to
complete this assignment. This will help you organize your plan
and create an outline for the written assignment.
1. After completing the teaching proposal, review the teaching
plan proposal with a community health and public health
provider in your local community.
2. Request feedback (strengths and opportunities for
improvement) from the provider.
3. Complete the "Community Teaching Experience" form with
the provider. You will submit this form in Topic 5.
You are required to cite a minimum of three sources to complete
this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5
years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to
nursing practice.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the
APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to
beginning the assignment to become familiar with the
expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A
link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in
Course Resources if you need assistance.
Community Teaching Work Plan Proposal
Planning and Topic
Directions: Develop an educational series proposal for your

5. community using one of the following four topics:
1. Bioterrorism/Disaster
2. Environmental Issues
3. Primary Prevention/Health Promotion
4. Secondary Prevention/Screenings for a Vulnerable Population
Planning Before Teaching:
Name and Credentials of Teacher:
Estimated Time Teaching Will Last:
Location of Teaching:
Supplies, Material, Equipment Needed:
Estimated Cost:
Community and Target Aggregate:
Topic:
Identification of Focus for Community Teaching (Topic
Selection):
Epidemiological Rationale for Topic (Statistics Related to
Topic):
Teaching Plan Criteria
Your teaching plan will be graded based on its effectiveness and
relevance to the population selected. This assignment uses a
rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the
assignment to become familiar with the expectations for
successful completion.
Nursing Diagnosis:

6. Readiness for Learning: Identify the factors that would indicate
the readiness to learn for the target aggregate. Include
emotional and experiential readiness to learn.
Learning Theory to Be Utilized: Explain how the theory will be
applied.
Goal: Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) objective(s) utilized as the
goal for the teaching. Include the appropriate objective number
and rationale for using the selected HP2020 objective (use at
least one objective from one of the 24 focus areas). If an
HP2020 objective does not support your teaching, explain how
your teaching applies to one of the two overarching HP2020
goals.

7. How Does This HP2020 Objective Relate to Alma Ata’s
Health for All Global Initiatives
Develop Behavioral Objectives (Including Domains), Content,
and Strategies/Methods:
Behavioral Objective
and Domain
Example – Third-grade students will name one healthy food
choice in each of the five food groups by the end of the
presentation. (Cognitive Domain)
Content
(be specific)
Example – The Food Pyramid has five food groups which are….
Healthy foods from each group are….
Unhealthy foods containing a lot of sugar or fat are….
Strategies/Methods
(label and describe)
Example – Interactive poster presentation of the Food Pyramid.
After an explanation of the poster and each food category, allow
students to place pictures of foods on the correct spot on the
pyramid. Also, have the class analyze what a child had for lunch
by putting names of foods on the poster and discussing what
food group still needs to be eaten throughout day.
1.
1.
1.

8. 2.
2.
2.
3.
3.
3.
4.
4.
4.
Creativity: How was creativity applied in the teaching
methods/strategies?
Planned Evaluation of Objectives (Outcome Evaluation):
Describe what you will measure for each objective and how.
1.
2.

9. 3.
4.
Planned Evaluation of Goal: Describe how and when you could
evaluate the overall effectiveness of your teaching plan.
Planned Evaluation of Lesson and Teacher (Process
Evaluation):
Barriers: What are potential barriers that may arise during
teaching and how will those be handled?
Therapeutic Communication
4.2 Communicate therapeutically with patients.
How will you begin your presentation and capture the interest
of your audience? Describe the type of activity will you use
with your audience to exhibit active listening? Describe how
you applied active listening in tailoring your presentation to

10. your audience? How will you conclude your presentation? What
nonverbal communication techniques will you employ?