Geograph econ lecture
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My ERSA lecture on geographical economics and the SA research that puts the economy in its place
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Geograph econ lecture
- 1. Putting the economy in its place Geographical Economics in South Africa by Waldo Krugell School of Economics North-West University Potchefstroom Campus
- 4. 1) What, how, for whom and WHERE? Source: WDR, 2009
- 5. 1) What, how, for whom and WHERE? Source: WDR, 2009
- 6. 1) What, how, for whom and WHERE? Source: WDR, 2009
- 12. 2) Before ‘geographical economics’ Agglomeration forces Dispersion forces Neo-classical growth theory Differences in the determinants of growth can be location-specific: First-nature geography gives a cost advantage e.g. proximity to a large market or access to the ocean that lower transport costs Differences in the determinants of growth can be location-specific: First-nature geography gives a cost disadvantage e.g. being land-locked New growth theory External economies due to localised spillovers associated with endogenous determinants of growth: Human capital, R&D, Infrastructure
- 13. 2) Before ‘geographical economics’ Agglomeration forces Dispersion forces Neo-classical trade theory First-nature geography: uneven distribution of endowments determines comparative advantage New trade theory Market size and consumers’ love for variety allow manufacturers to achieve internal economies of scale Transport costs
- 15. 3) The core model Source: Brakman, Garretsen & Van Marrewijk, 2009
- 19. 3) The core model Source: Brakman, Garretsen & Van Marrewijk, 2009
- 23. 3) The core model Source: Brakman, Garretsen & Van Marrewijk, 2009
- 29. 4) Beyond the core model Source: WDR, 2009
- 50. 5.3) The location of exporters About 22 magisterial districts in South Africa are responsible for 85 per cent of the country’s manufacturing exports.
- 58. The scope of agglomeration Firm-level specification, 2003 WB dataset
- 59. The scope of agglomeration Firm-level specification + location-specific covariates, 2003 WB dataset
- 60. The scope of agglomeration Firm-level specification, 2007 WB dataset
- 61. The scope of agglomeration Firm-level specification + location-specific covariates, 2007 WB dataset
Notas do Editor
- The core model sets up an economy: With two regions and two sectors. The consumers consist of farm and manufacturing workers. Farm workers receive the farm wage rate in return for their labour . Food is produced under constant returns to scale and perfect competition. Food is sold in region 1 or 2 and has no transport cost. Manufacturing firms produce a unique variety. Using only labour under internal economies of scale. There are transport costs involved to sell manufactures in the other region Workers earn the manufacturing wage rate by supplying labour to firms in the manufacturing sector of their region.