Sven Erik Knop, Perforce
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Version Management for Games Developers (White Nights Conference St. Petersburg 2017) The official conference website — http://wnconf.com
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Sven Erik Knop, Perforce
- 1. Version Management for Game Developers Sven Erik Knop Perforce Software
- 2. 2 What we do Perforce helps delivery teams build complex products collaboratively, securely and efficiently. Commonly used for… • Software • Games • Electronics • Animations • Chipsets • Medical Devices • IoT Global 24x7 Support
- 4. 4 What is Version Management? src img game.cc game.h test.cc knight.psd armour.png shield.psd File @1 @2 @3 @4 @5 @6 game.cc #1 #2 game.h #1 #2 test.cc #1 #2 #3 #4 knight.psd #1 #2 #3 armour.psd #1 #2 #3 shield.psd #1 #2 #3
- 5. 5 Working with Version Management (1) #include <game.h> int main() { InitialiseGame(); PopulateWorld(); SetUpOpponents(); StartUpGame(); }
- 6. 6 Working with Version Management (2) #include <game.h> #include <login.h> int main() { LogOnUser(); InitialiseGame(); PopulateWorld(); SetUpOpponents(); StartUpGame(); }
- 7. 7 Working with Version Management (3) #include <game.h> #include <loot.h> int main() { InitialiseGame(); PopulateWorld(); SeedLoot(); SetUpOpponents(); StartUpGame(); }
- 8. 8 Working with Version Management (4) #include <game.h> #include <login.h> #include <loot.h> int main() { LogOnUser(); InitialiseGame(); PopulateWorld(); SeedLoot(); SetUpOpponents(); StartUpGame(); }
- 9. 9 Merging ... #include <game.h> int main() { InitialiseGame(); PopulateWorld(); SetUpOpponents(); StartUpGame(); } #include <game.h> #include <login.h> int main() { LogOnUser; InitialiseGame(); PopulateWorld(); SetUpOpponents(); StartUpGame(); } #include <game.h> #include <loot.h> int main() { InitialiseGame(); PopulateWorld(); SeedLoot(); SetUpOpponents(); StartUpGame(); } #include <game.h> #include <login.h> #include <loot.h> int main() { LogOnUser(); InitialiseGame(); PopulateWorld(); SeedLoot(); SetUpOpponents(); StartUpGame(); } Base Source Target Merged
- 10. 10 Working together on binary files Merging for binary files? Locking!
- 11. 11 Single of Source of Truth
- 12. 12 Challenges in Games Development Why is Games Development so hard? • Besides the obvious I mean … Average AAA game: • 100 of thousands of files • 1 TB+ source code and assets at HEAD • 50GB + changes a day • 100+ Team size
- 13. 13 Consequences Continuous integration • Builds take minutes (incremental) to hours (full) • Smoke tests? • Full tests? Who broke the build? HEAD is not stable!
- 14. 14 Coding practices compared Different ways to organise your sources There is no single best way • Team size • Target platform: Mobile/Console/PC/4K/… • Rate of change • Iteration frequency
- 15. 15 Single Code Line Head Stable Head still stable?
- 16. 16 Development branches Long-lived development branches can cause problems
- 17. 17 Task/Feature branches Keeping feature branches short- lived avoids severe merge conflicts
- 18. 18 3-way merge for binary assets? Images? 3D models? Sound files? Locking! Across branches?
- 20. 20 Trunk-based Development Trunk Release Extended testing for release Requires tooling! Stable
- 21. 21 Milestone branches Stabilise in separate branch Merge fixes, ignore hacks
- 22. Perforce Helix
- 23. 23 Flexible Workflow Version control, code reviews, simple file sharing, distributed, Git Fast and Scalable From 10 to 10,000+ users, unlimited files Every file Efficiently handles large, often binary, data All contributors Familiar tools, natural workflows Anywhere Supports geographically distributed teams Secure Granular permissions, theft risk monitoring Open and Extensible APIs and integration hooks for customization Introducing Perforce Helix Next Generation Hybrid Version Management
- 24. 24 IDEs Integrated into your workflow Game Engines Build/CI Image and 3D Tools + APIs and many other tools
- 25. 25 Distributed Single Source of Truth Versioning Service Proxy Proxy Edge Service (humans) D/R Edge Service (automation)
- 26. 26 Helix Streams
- 27. 27 How do I start? Perforce is free (without restrictions) • For educational purposes • For Open Source projects • For 5 users / 20 workspaces www.perforce.com Hosted, for example, by Assembla (www.assembla.com)