WFS Technologies (www.wfs-tech.com) has developed the building blocks for Subsea Internet of Things (SIoT) enabling Smart Devices to extend wireless IoT networks through water and through ground, providing a low-cost alternative to cables, connectors and buoys. The industries served include Oil and Gas, Marine Equipment, Environmental and Defense. Key customer benefits include improved asset productivity, asset integrity management, safety and reducing costs for automation in the subsea environment. The Internet of Things (IoT) wave is providing direct integration of the physical world into the digital world on a global scale. This is creating a disruptive step-change in the way mankind is organized, from work practices and leisure activities through to how industry is run. At the same time, we face many challenges relating to our environment and it is accepted that we cannot continue using the planet’s resources in the way we have been doing since the previous industrial revolution. While the IoT revolution is impressive, it has yet to consider 70% of the world’s surface – the ocean. New technologies are required to bring IT infrastructure to the oceans and that’s where the largest opportunities are for both industry and the environmental challenges we face.

1. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
July 2017
Managing Big Data Subsea
Subsea IoT and Cloud Computing Solutions
September 2018
WFS Technologies

2. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Agenda
- Subsea Internet of Things: Collapsing the cost of Ocean Information
• Introductions
• Background
• SIoT Technology
• Applications
• Activity with Fugro
• Discussion
Seatooth Hot-Swap: Connector-less, SIoT device architecture

3. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
WFS Technologies
• Founded Edinburgh, 2003
• World leader in:
• Underwater wireless automation
• Subsea Internet of Things®
• Subsea Cloud Computing
• Managing Big Data in the Ocean
Industries:
• Asset integrity
• Flow assurance
• Oceanographic monitoring
 Smart, subsea wireless IT
products and solutions
2
Seatooth Video - Total, Laggan Tormore
Seatooth SWiCOM - Diver wPAN Trial
Seatooth CTFM
Real Time Fatigue
Monitoring
Seatooth PipeLogger-UF
EOR automation
Battery: up to 10 years
Seatooth PipeLogger-UT
Retrofit corrosion monitor
Battery: up to 20 years
Seatooth PipeLogger
Non-penetrating temp
controller
Battery: up to 20 years

4. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Technical Challenge
• Big Data is disrupting society  improved productivity, safety & flexibility, reduced costs
– Underpinned by collapse in unit cost of data
– Low cost wireless technology is the enabler of IoT and Cloud Computing: Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 3/4/5G,
NFC….
• Conventional wireless stops at the water/air and ground/air boundaries
• Challenge: Extend Big Data to underwater and underground environments
Extending Big Data to the ExtremeEdge Wireless: the Enabling Technology
BigData
CloudComputing
IoT
Wireless
Value

5. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Key Advances at WFS
• 250 man-year R&D program into low frequency radio & associated technologies
– Seatooth: Efficient, wireless comms through water, seabed, concrete, metal
– Seatooth Hybrid: Integrated Seatooth radios, acoustic, optical
– Seatooth Endure: Ultra-low power, Seatooth radio technology  up to 30 year battery life
– Seatooth Navigation: Ultra low power, low cost, GPS independent subsea location  up
to 30 yr battery
– Seatooth Connect: Wireless data+power for AUV docking
– Seatooth ‘Hot-Swap’ Connector-less, SIoT device architecture  ultra-high reliability
– Subsea Internet of Things: Bandwidth & power constrained wireless networks,
Edge analytics
– Subsea Cloud Computing: Data permanently at the edge
Distributed and hybrid Cloud computing
AI/ML at the edge
Database synchronisation using AUVs
Digital Ledger (Blockchain) to manage asset data
• >350 patents applications filed

6. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Subsea Internet of Things
is a network of smart, wireless sensors and smart
devices configured to provide actionable
operational intelligence such as performance,
condition and diagnostic information
Seatooth – Platform Technology
Seatooth
is a wireless technology standard for exchanging
data through water and the water-air boundary
using low frequency radio waves from 1 Hz to
2.485 GHz)

7. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Subsea Wireless Comes of Age
- The Future is Hybrid
Seatooth Hybrid
• No single technology is the ‘silver bullet’
• Seatooth Hybrid Technology Radio, Acoustic, Optical, hardwired
• Battery life up to 30 years

8. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Seatooth – Platform Technology
- Collapsing the cost of critical information
• Battery life 6 months  5-30 yrs
• Transit splash zone Cabled  Wireless
• Reliability Connectors/jumpers  Wireless/Sealed for life
• Installation Work class ROV/Vessel  Light class ROV/Drone
• Integration complexity High (wired)  Low (wireless)
Access to information
changes behaviours
Seatooth PipeLogger
– Retrofit Smart SIoT
Device
Driving without a fuel gauge….
atabase
Synchronisation
S art ater elocity
Platform Online Monitoring (OLM)

9. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
9
Subsea Internet of Things
- Wireless automation solutions incorporating standard
sensors
Seatooth Video
Subsea wireless camera
Battery: up to 8 hrs use
Seawater Range: 3-5m
Seatooth PipeLogger Mk2
Non-penetrating temp
controller
Process and seawater temp
Temp: 0-100DegC +/- 2DegC
Battery: up to 30 years
Seatooth PipeLogger-UT
Retrofit FMD/
corrosion monitor
Wall Thickness: <250mm
UT Accuracy: 0.1mm
Up to 8 UT sensors
Battery: up to 30 years
Seatooth PipeLogger-TI
Non-penetrating temp controller
Pipe-in-pipe or up to 4” foa
Temp: 0-100DegC +/- 5C
Repeatability: 1DegC
Battery: up to 30 years
Seatooth PipeLogger-UF
EOR automation
Accuracy:+/- 2-5%
Repeatability: +/- 2%
Battery: up to 10 years
Seatooth CP
Corrosion automation
solution
Stork Voltage/Current
sensor
Battery: up to 30 years
Seatooth CTFM
Fatigue management
Real time & cumulative
Seatooth Smart Clamp
For risers and flowlines
Suitable for splash zone
Deployable by light class
ROV
Self-monitoring
Seatooth SWiCOM
Subsea wireless diver automation
Seatooth wireless Android tablet
Battery: up to 8 hrs continuous
Seawater Range: 5-10m
Seatooth LightRope
Subsea wireless RFID
For diver and ROV automation
Battery: 16 hrs use; 2 yr
standby
Seawater Range: 5m
Seatooth WiPS
Wireless Pressure/Temp
Integrated display
Seatooth Vibration
Fatigue, VIV, FIV
monitoring
Up to 1kHz
Battery: up to 5 years

10. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
• Oil & Gas
– Process Optimization
– Asset Integrity Automation
- CAPEX reduction
• Offshore wind/wave
– Asset Integrity Automation
– Environmental footprint monitoring
• Environmental monitoring
– Climate change model calibration
– Flood monitoring
– Pollution monitoring in sea, rivers, reservoirs
• Defense
– Wide area sensor networks for homeland security
• Aquaculture
– Feed management
– Disease control management
– Asset Integrity Automation
– Environmental footprint/ pollution
monitoring
• Fishing
– Shoal location
• Subsea mining
– Process automation
– Asset integrity automation
• Earthquake Monitoring
– Real time monitoring of foundation integrity
– Foundation design ‘right-size’
Markets and Applications

11. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Subsea Internet of Things (SIoT)
- Wireless Automation Solutions – Key Application Areas
• Process Optimization
– Real time point & distributed temperature
– EOR Water/Gas injection optimization
– Slug management
– Hydrate/Wax management
– Chemical injection optimization
Increase production by up to 15%
Decrease chemical costs by up to
50%
• Asset Integrity Automation
- Offshore structure FMD & fatigue
monitoring
- Riser/completion fatigue monitoring
- Mooring fatigue monitoring
- Field-wide corrosion optimization (CP)
- Point corrosion/Erosion automation (UT)
- Crack inspection automation (ACFM)
- Impressed Current optimization (ICCP)
- Vibration Management (FLIP, VIV, Span)
- Leak detection
 Reduce costs by up to 90%
10

12. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Subsea Internet of Things (SIoT)
- Wireless Automation Solutions – Key Application Areas
• Oceanographic
– Continuous wave monitoring on platforms
and shallow water
– Time-syncronised multi-parameter data
sets
– Wide area sensor networks with extended
battery life
– Climate change model calibration and
correction
 Reduce costs by up to 90%
10
Real Time Leak Monitoring Solution

13. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
 Deployment and recovery of wireless sensor networks from RIBs and small vessels
 Real-time monitoring using Seatooth Hybrid sensor networks up to 10m from shore
Shallow Water Wireless Sensor Network
 Battery life up to 30 years
 Local data processing
Subsea Internet of Things (SIoT)
- Shallow Water Wireless Sensor Networks

14. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
 Information recovery from remote sensors using AUV
 Low cost AUV with >100 mile range
 Battery life up to 30 years
Deep Water Sensor Network Sync using AUV
Subsea Internet of Things (SIoT)
- Deep Water Sensor Networks using AUV

15. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
 Information recovery from remote sensors
using RIB or small boat
 Range up to 35m through sea water
 Battery life up to 30 years
Shallow Water Sensor Network
Subsea Internet of Things (SIoT)
- Shallow Water Sensor Networks with Vessel/USV

16. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
 Information recovery from remote sensors using buoy
 Range up to 40m through sea water
 Immune to Bio fouling & turbidity
 Battery life up to 30 years
Shallow Water Wireless Sensor Network
Shallow Water Wireless Sensor Network
Subsea Internet of Things (SIoT)
- Shallow Water Wireless Sensor Network with Buoy

17. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Remote Information Recovery using Eyeball ROV
 Information recovery from remote sensors using eyeball ROV
 Range up to 7m through sea water
 Immune to Bio fouling & turbidity
 Battery life up to 30 years
Subsea Internet of Things (SIoT)
- Remote Information recovery using Eyeball ROV

18. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Shallow Water Remote Wireless Release
 SIoT Skids deployed using manned/unmanned vessel
 Low cost deployment & recovery of sensor networks
 Seatooth Release range up to 35m in seawater
 Acoustic/Auto release in deeper water
 Battery life up to 30 years
Subsea Internet of Things (SIoT)
- Sensor Skids with Release

19. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Shallow Water Wireless Sensor Network
Communication Through Air/Water Boundary
 Information recovery from remote sensors using low cost drone
 Battery life up to 30 years
Subsea Internet of Things (SIoT)
- Wide Area Sensor Network Sync using UAV

20. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Subsea Internet of Things
- Reduce Inspection costs and detecting failures
Benefits of Subsea Internet of Things
• On-Line Monitoring (OLM)
 Real time information
• Reduce inspection costs by >50%
• Reduce installed sensor cost by >80%
• Increase data density by >102
• Improved repeatability, accuracy,
resolution
• Reduce AIM maintenance/repair costs
• Extend asset life
• Reduced risk
• Inspecting what?
– Leaks, Corrosion, Cracks, Fatigue, Movement
• Why so few asset integrity sensors?
– High cable installation costs
– Battery swap costs
– High cost of repair
• Inspection cost drivers:
– Diver  DSV costs, safety, complexity
– ROV  ROV spread costs, complexity
• Regulatory driven
• Low data density  limited root cause
analysis
Subsea
Internet of
Things

21. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
OLM : Using Big Data to Reduce costs and Risk
- System Architecture
• Subsea Cloud Computing Network (SCCN)
– Seatooth Smart Clamps, integrated sensors, ExtremeEdge analytics
• Up to 20 year battery
– Seatooth FMD Smart Sensors,
• Up to 30 year battery
– Dual redundant wireless sensor network
– Seatooth Control Station integrated with PI SCADA
– Options:
• AUV database synchronisation
• Seatooth Hybrid radio-acoustic to extend SCCN to remote sensors
• Sensor set
– Primary: Strain & Accelerometer/ Vibration (Fatigue), UT (FMD)
– Secondary: wave height (Pressure), CP, Temperature
– Optional: acoustic, ACFM
• Seatooth Smart clamps
– Deployable by light class ROV
– Self-monitoring SCCN with 12 x Seatooth Smart Sensor Nodes
60 x Seatooth FMD Nodes
AUV Database
Synchronisation

22. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
• Benefits of On-Line Monitoring
– Real time information leading to improved level of confidence in integrity of
structures
– Step reduction in inspection costs through substitution of vessel deployed ROVs
by platform deployed eyeball ROVs
– Extended inspection intervals and targeted campaigns
– Reduced information latency leading to lower cost to repair and fewer unplanned
interventions
– Improved safety through reduced use of rope access
– Improved ease of gathering and reporting asset integrity information
– Improved fatigue models and cumulative fatigue life information leading to
extended asset life and reduced CAPEX on new structures
OLM : Using Big Data to Reduce Cost and Risk
- Business Case

23. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
OLM : Using Big Data to Reduce Cost and Risk
- Seatooth Smart Clamp with Integrated Sensors
• Seatooth Smart Clamp
– Seatooth wireless controller
• Accelerometer monitors clamp stability
• Data logging and data processing
– Seatooth Antenna
– Fatigue Monitoring: Strain Sensor System
(SSS)
– Flooded Member Monitoring: UT Sensor
• Strain Sensor System (SSS)
– Strain sensor attached to load-spreading
bar
– Screw action embeds location pins
– 4 x SSS located at 90Deg on each clamp
• Seatooth Smart Clamps
– Structure-wide monitoring
Strain Sensor Module
Seatooth Smart Clamp
Location pin
Load-spreading bar
Monitored structure
Seatooth Antenna
Seatooth Wireless Controller

24. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
OLM : Using Big Data to Reduce Cost and Risk
- Seatooth FMD Smart Sensor
• Seatooth FMD Smart Sensor
– Seatooth FMD wireless range of 30m
– Up to 3 x Integrated UT sensor
– Magnetic clamp, optional retaining strap
– FMD readings monthly & on-demand
– Battery life up to 30 years
Seatooth FMD with 3 x UT Sensors

25. Smart Waters – Smart Cities

26. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
• Requirement
– Real ti e onitoring of strain and vibration of 6”
gas riser above splash zone
• Solution
– Seatooth Online Monitoring System (SOLM)
• SIoT devices with integrated strain sensors
• Seatooth Endure power management  >5 yrs
• Edge data analytics
• Seatooth Hybrid wireless network (Seatooth/Bluetooth)
• Smart clamps
• Benefits
– Continuous monitoring of strain
– Cable-less
– Extended battery life
Gas Riser Fatigue Monitoring
Gas Riser Seatooth OLM
SIoT Device with Smart Clamp
Gas Riser

27. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
• Requirement
– Gas manifold gas spool UT and Vibration
monitoring at critical bends
• Solution
– Seatooth Online Monitoring System
• SIoT devices with integrated UT & Vibration sensors
• Seatooth Endure power management  up to 5 yrs
• Edge data analytics
• Seatooth Hybrid wireless network
• Smart magnetic clamps
• Benefits
– Continuous monitoring of corrosion & vibration
– Reduced inspection cost;
– Reduced risk
• Target installation 1Q19
Subsea Pipeline Integrity Monitoring
SOLM Proposed SIoT Device Location

28. Smart Waters – Smart Cities

29. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Selected WFS Customers and Deployments

30. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Selected References
- Oil & Gas/Asset Integrity
Date
Installed Operator/Field Country Solution Sensor Make Measured Parameter Operational History
2013 Woodside, N Shelf Australia Packing valve video monitoring Bowtech Video Used during IRM campaign
2014 EnQuest, Don Southwest UK Export line temperatue monitoring RTD Temperature Deployed under concrete blanket
2014 Talisman/Repsol UK
Flowline upheaval buckling
monitoring RTD Temperature
20 systems supplied for deployment across UK
assets
2015 Apache, John Brooks Australia Export line temperatue monitoring RTD Temperature System installed Oct 15
2015 Petrobras, Santos Basin Brazil Coiled Tubing fatigue monitoring
Strainstall,
Invensense Strain, acceleration 10 x system deployments Aug - Dec 15
2015 Total, Laggan Tormore UK Video monitoring of construction Bowtech Video Deployed 3 times furing 2015
2015 Taqa, N Cormorant UK Corrosion monitoring network Voltage Network of 14 nodes; commissioned 2H15
2015 JAMSTEC Japan Flow monitoring Flow Qualification trials completed 4Q16
2015 Shell, Malampaya
Philippine
s Rock dumping monitoring GE Pressure Deployed 2Q15
2016 DRDC Canada Submarine corrosion monitoring Stork Voltage, Current Deployed Oct 16
2017
Quadrant Energy, John
Brooks Australia Export line temperatue monitoring RTD Temperature Deployed 1Q17
2017 BP/SD2, Azerbijan
Pipeline Pre-commissioning
automation Yokogawa
Pressure,
Temperature Deployed 2H17
2017 YFP Nigeria Export line temperatue monitoring RTD Temperature Deployed 1H17

31. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
• Big Data underpinned by low cost sensors, IoT and
Cloud
• Innovations at WFS extend Big Data Subsea
• SIoT and Subsea Cloud Computing deliver step
change:
– Increased production/reduced operating costs
– Reduced asset integrity management costs
– Extended asset life; Improved safety
Summary
Wireless On-Line Monitoring, N Sea
Source: Sam Johnston Subsea Cloud Computing

32. Smart Waters – Smart Cities
Discussion
Brendan Hyland
Brendan@wfs-tech.com
+44 78 010 63450