1. Systems Thinking and Analysis
Team 2
Team Members
Akhil Sharma
Edwin Antony
Maninder Singh
Preeti R
Ramkumar N
Surendran.P
Vino Thomas

2. July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 2

3. Problem Statement
Problem Owner
Problem Identification
Problem Awareness
Problem Specification
Structure Diagram
Simulation
Policy
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 3

4. Successful implementation of
Unique ID project in an
cost effective way within the
stipulated time frame
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 4

5. Government of India
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 5

6. July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 6

7. UNID was conceived in 2002 during the NDA regime, to check illegal immigration. But
fearing that such a move would severely deplete BJP's popularity, it was shot down soon
after.
The proposal to issue UNID Cards was discussed in the Chief Secretaries and Chief
Ministers Conference held on 7th Jan, 2003 and 8th Feb, 2003 respectively.
UPA government revived the idea in 2004
February 2009‐ Unique Identification Authority of India was set up
June 2009 Nandan Nilekani was appointed as the first Chairman of the UID Authority of
India
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 7

8. PHYSICAL
S
Short Term Long Term
U till 2011 Beyond 2011
S
T SURVIVAL Essential Vital
A
I
STABILITY Vital Vital
N
I
B STRENGTH Vital Vital
I
L
SUCCESS Vital Vital
I
T
Y SUPERIORITY Vital Vital
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 8

9. Security Mumbai
review post Attacks
Kargil war 26/11/08
Rigged state elections, UNID authority was
embezzlement in set up and Nandan
Recognized the need
subsidies and poverty Nilekani was
alleviation programs,
for UNID
appointed at the
illegal immigration Chairman of UIDAI
First Threshold Second Threshold
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 9

10. July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 10

11. SPACE
SPACE
India
Unique
Nation India
al ID
Multipurpose
TIME
2011 2020 Unique
National ID
TIME
2011 2020
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 11

12. Infrastructure UIDAI Systems & Processes
Funds Procedures
Technology
Autonomy
Personnel Data handling
Time frame
Successful
Implementation
of
Bureaucracy UID
Monitoring Privacy concern
Support
Population
Corruption
Government Citizens
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 12

13. ACTUAL STATE: DESIRED STATE:
Absence of Unique ID for
Unique ID every Indian
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 13

14. Start
Citizens
Will help Security & welfare
identify concern prompted
UID Government
Help
Implement Appointed
Systems
& Estimated Infrastruc
UIDA ture
Processes
Decided on
July 2009 14

15. To help UID Authority of India successfully
implement the unique ID project, in a cost
effective and time bound manner and thus
empower the Government of India to identify
every citizen of the country
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 15

16. To be able to identify every citizen of
the country so that Government can
ensure their security, and ensure that
all the welfare schemes reach the
targeted population
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 16

17. To maximize the privacy of the data stored
To maximize the accuracy of data collected
To minimize the implementation time
To maximize the coverage of unique ID to
include the entire population of India
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 17

18. July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 18

19. S. No. Attribute Entity Initial value (X) Scale
1 Autonomy UIDAI 0.6 Medium
2 Availability of funds UIDAI 0.5 Medium
3 Government support Government 0.8 High
Corruption & red tapism in
4 Government 0.2 Very Low
Government
5 Level of infrastructure Infrastructure 0.3 Low
6 Time pressure UIDAI 0.8 High
Systems &
7 Data handling efficiency 0.4 Low
Processes
8 Privacy concerns Citizens 0.7 High
Scale (for a variable ‘X’):
0.2 ≥ X ≥ 0.0 Very Low
0.4 ≥ X > 0.2 Low
0.6 ≥ X > 0.4 Medium
0.8 ≥ X > 0.6 High
1 .0 ≥ X > 0.8 Very High
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 19

20. Variables Positively effected by Negatively effected by
Autonomy, Availability of funds, corruption & red tapism in government, Privacy
Autonomy
Government support, Level of Infrastructure concerns, Time pressure
Availability of Autonomy, Government support, Time pressure, Data corruption & red tapism in government, Level of
funds handling efficiency, Privacy concerns Infrastructure
Government Government support, Time pressure, Autonomy, Availability of funds, corruption & red
support Data handling efficiency, Privacy concerns tapism in government, Level of Infrastructure
corruption &
Availability of funds, corruption & red tapism in
red tapism in Government support, Time pressure
government
government
Level of Autonomy, Availability of funds, Government support,
corruption & red tapism in government
Infrastructure Time pressure, Privacy concerns
corruption & red tapism in government, Data handling Autonomy, Availability of funds, Government
Time pressure
efficiency, Privacy concerns, support, Level of Infrastructure
Data handling Autonomy, Availability of funds, Government support, corruption & red tapism in government, Time
efficiency Level of Infrastructure, Privacy concerns pressure
Privacy Autonomy, corruption & red tapism in government, Government support, Level of Infrastructure,
concerns Time pressure, Privacy concerns Data handling efficiency
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 20

21. Autonomy
Availability
Level of of funds
Infrastructure
Autonomy
Govt
Time support
pressure
Corruption
Privacy & red
concerns tapism in
Govt
Positive effect
Negative effect
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 21

22. Autonomy
Level of
Infrastructure
Data
handling
efficiency
Availability
of funds
Govt
Time support
pressure
Corruption
Privacy & red
concerns tapism in
Govt
Positive effect
Negative effect
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 22

23. Autonomy
Availability
Level of of funds
Infrastructure
Data
handling
efficiency
Govt
support
Govt
Time support
pressure
Corruption
Privacy & red
concerns tapism in
Govt
Positive effect
Negative effect
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 23

24. Availability
of funds
Corruption
& red
tapism in
Govt
Govt
Time support
pressure
Corruption
& red
tapism in
Govt
Positive effect
Negative effect
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 24

25. Autonomy
Availability
of funds
Level of
Infrastructure
Govt
Time support
pressure
Corruption
Privacy & red
concerns tapism in
Govt
Positive effect
Negative effect
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 25

26. Autonomy
Availability
of funds
Level of
Infrastructure
Data
handling
efficiency
Time
pressure
Govt
support
Corruption
Privacy & red
concerns tapism in
Govt
Positive effect
Negative effect
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 26

27. Autonomy
Availability
of funds
Level of
Infrastructure
Data
handling
efficiency
Govt
Time support
pressure
Corruption
Privacy & red
concerns tapism in
Govt
Positive effect
Negative effect
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 27

28. Autonomy
Level of
Infrastructure
Data
handling
efficiency
Privacy
concerns
Govt
Time support
pressure
Corruption
Privacy & red
concerns tapism in
Govt
Positive effect
Negative effect
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 28

29. Availability Government
Corruption Level of Time Data handling Privacy
Variables Autonomy of funds support
in Government infrastructure pressure efficiency concerns
Autonomy 0.1 0.2 0.2 ‐0.2 0.1 ‐0.1 0 ‐0.2
Availability
of funds
0.2 0 0.4 ‐0.3 ‐0.05 0.2 0.1 0.1
Government
support
‐0.2 ‐0.1 0.1 ‐0.2 ‐0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2
corruption & red
tapism in 0 0.2 ‐0.2 0.1 0 ‐0.1 0 0
government
Level of
infrastructure
0.4 0.2 0.4 ‐0.2 0 0.2 0 0.1
Time pressure ‐0.1 ‐0.2 ‐0.3 0.2 ‐0.2 0 0.2 0.3
Data handling
efficiency
0.3 0.4 0.2 ‐0.2 0.4 ‐0.3 0 0.4
Privacy concerns 0.1 0 ‐0.2 0.6 ‐0.2 0.4 ‐0.4 0.1
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 29

30. 1
0 8
0 6
0 4
0 2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Autonomy Availability of funds Govt support Govt Corruption & red tapism
level of infrastructure time pressure Data handling efficiency Privacy concerns
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 30

31. S. No. Attribute Entity Initial value (X) Final value (X) Change
1 Autonomy UIDAI 0.6 0.988753 Increase
2 Availability of funds UIDAI 0.5 0.999784 Increase
3 Government support Government 0.8 0.366514 Decrease
corruption & red tapism in
4 Government 0.2 0.774257 Increase
government
5 Level of infrastructure Infrastructure 0.3 0.999998 Increase
6 Time pressure UIDAI 0.8 0.029906 Decrease
Systems &
7 Data handling efficiency 0.4 0.999999 Increase
Processes
8 Privacy concerns Citizens 0.7 0.248882 Decrease
Scale (for a variable ‘X’):
0.2 ≥ X ≥ 0.0 Very Low
0.4 ≥ X > 0.2 Low
0.6 ≥ X > 0.4 Medium
0.8 ≥ X > 0.6 High
1 .0 ≥ X > 0.8 Very High
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 31

32. PPP models ensuring that the UNID systems actually facilitate the
transactions of citizens with various entities involved in the system,
ultimately bringing in the much awaited transparency in delivery of
Government schemes (like PDS, direct subsidy to citizens, etc.) and ease of
delivery of government to citizen services, which has still been a major
lacuna in the current scenario in India
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 32

33. S. No. Attribute Entity Initial value (X) Effect of policy
1 Autonomy UIDAI 0.6 ‐0.1
2 Availability of funds UIDAI 0.5 0.2
3 Government support Government 0.8 0
Corruption & red tapism in
4 Government 0.2 0
government
5 Level of infrastructure Infrastructure 0.3 +0.3
6 Time pressure UIDAI 0.8 0
Systems &
7 Data handling efficiency 0.4 +0.4
Processes
8 Privacy concerns Citizens 0.7 +0.3
Scale (for a variable ‘X’):
0.2 ≥ X ≥ 0.0 Very Low
0.4 ≥ X > 0.2 Low
0.6 ≥ X > 0.4 Medium
0.8 ≥ X > 0.6 High
1 .0 ≥ X > 0.8 Very High
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 33

34. Autonomy
Privacy Availability of
concerns funds
Policy
1
Data handling Level of
efficiency infrastructure
Positive effect
Negative effect
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 34

35. 1
0 9
0 8
0 7
0 6
0 5
0 4
0 3
0 2
0 1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Autonomy Availability of funds Govt support Govt Corruption & red tapism
level of infrastructure time pressure Data handling efficiency
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 35

36. 0 9
0 8
0 7
0 6
0 5
Govt Corruption & red tapism
0 4
Govt Corruption*
0 3
0 2
0 1
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
0 9
0 8
0 7
0 6
0 5
time pressure
0 4
time pressure*
0 3
0 2
Before policy 0 1
After policy 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 36

37. 1
0 9
0 8
0 7
0 6
0 5 Govt support
0 4 Govt support*
0 3
0 2
0 1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
0 7
0 6
0 5
0 4
Privacy concerns
0 3
Privacy concerns*
0 2
0 1
Before policy 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
After policy
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 37

38. 1 2
1
0 8
0 6 Autonomy
Autonomy*
0 4
0 2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324
1 2
1
0 8
0 6 Availability of funds
Availability of funds*
0 4
0 2
Before policy
0
After policy
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 38

39. 1 2
1
0 8
0 6 Data handling efficiency
Data handling efficiency*
0 4
0 2
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
1 2
1
0 8
0 6 level of infrastructure
level of infrastructure*
0 4
0 2
Before policy
0
After policy
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 39

40. Timely allocation of resources
Make departments accountable for delays
Special privileges to UIDA (Access to existing databases of
EC, Ministry of Internal Affairs etc.,)
Effective use of RTI to increase transparency (Website
complaints, FAQ’s)
Public relations wing for UIDA to take care of public concerns
and encourage use of RTI
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 40

41. S. No. Attribute Entity Initial value (X) Effect of policy
1 Autonomy UIDAI 0.6 0.1
2 Availability of funds UIDAI 0.5 0
3 Government support Government 0.8 0.2
Corruption & red tapism in
4 Government 0.2 ‐0.2
Government
5 Level of infrastructure Infrastructure 0.3 0
6 Time pressure UIDAI 0.8 ‐0.1
Systems &
7 Data handling efficiency 0.4 0
Processes
8 Privacy concerns Citizens 0.7 ‐0.1
Scale (for a variable ‘X’):
0.2 ≥ X ≥ 0.0 Very Low
0.4 ≥ X > 0.2 Low
0.6 ≥ X > 0.4 Medium
0.8 ≥ X > 0.6 High
1 .0 ≥ X > 0.8 Very High
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 41

42. Autonomy
Privacy Government
concerns support
Policy
2
corruption &
Time pressure red tapism in
government
Level of
infrastructure
Positive effect
Negative effect
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 42

43. 1
0 9
0 8
0 7
0 6
0 5
0 4
0 3
0 2
0 1
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Autonomy Availability of funds Govt support Govt Corruption
level of infrastructure time pressure Data handling efficiency Privacy concerns
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 43

44. •We find that even without intervention the system seems robust enough to achieve the
goal that it had set for itself. We believe this shows that the country’s faith in the capability
of the UIDAI to deliver is justified. That is the system is EFFECTIVE.
•However, the interventions applied have tried to increase EFFICIENCY by way of reducing
the time taken to achieve the goal, i.e. to reach the target before the stipulated time.
•The infrastructure has reached the desired level within a span of 9 months which would
aid in the successful Implementation of UID project within the stipulated time.
Before policy 1 After policy 1 Before policy 2 After policy 2
Autonomy 26 17 Autonomy 26 13
Availability of funds 11 8 Availability of funds 11 10
Govt support ‐‐ ‐‐
Govt support Diminishes over time
corruption & red
corruption & red tapism in inc 5
Increases rapidly Gradual increase
tapism in government government
level of infrastructure 12 10
level of infrastructure 12 8
time pressure ‐‐ ‐‐
time pressure ‐‐ ‐‐
Data handling
Data handling efficiency 13 8 13 10
efficiency
Privacy concerns ‐‐ ‐‐ Privacy concerns ‐‐ ‐‐
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 44

45. • The Government has announced plans for compulsory national identity cards. For many UK citizens
the identity card will be issued as passports come up. The Identity and Passport Service (IPS)
production of more than 5 million passports per year is responsible for issuing identity cards to UK
citizens
http://www.ukpa.gov.uk/identity.asp..
• Summarizes the argument for and against the implementation of national identification cards in
Canada. Learn more about the legal and privacy issues that
http://www.mapleleafweb.com/features/ privacy/id_cards/reaction.html
• Indian Citizens and issue of Multi‐purpose National Identity Cards (MNICs) based on this register.
The main purpose of this project, to be known as,
http://www.censusindia.net/results/eci17.pdf
• Thirty years passed before the idea of a national identity card was again raised. The identity card
idea was then raised at the national Tax Summit in
http://www.privacyinternational.org/ issues/idcard/campaigns.html
• ‘National Identity Cards’, paper presentation Rajendra Prasad, NIC New Delhi 2006
• ‘Creation of a Single National ID : Challenges and Opportunities for India’, Rajaneesh Dass and RK
Bajaj
July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 45

46. July 2009 DoMS, IIT Madras 46