Artificial intelligence case study.

1. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Study project by:
Victoria Gnatoka
RBS, March 7, 2011

2. WHAT IS AI?
Artificial Intelligence (1956)
“the science of engineering and making
intelligent machines” (John McCarthy)
Tries to simulate and reproduce human
thought behavior: thinking, speaking,
feeling, reasoning

3. Central property of humans, intelligence—
the sapience of Homo sapiens — can be so
precisely described that it can be
simulated by a machine
CENTRAL IDEA OF AI

4. Understand common sense
Manipulate qualitative data
Deal with exceptions
Understand relationships between facts
Use human language for interaction
Deal with new situation using previous learning
AI CAN

5. Information systems: storing,
retrieving, working with data
Artificial intelligence technologies:
generating and displaying knowledge
and facts
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IS AND AI

6. In business applications, Al capabilities are often integrated
with systems that serve the day-to-day needs of the
enterprise, such as inventory tracking, manufacturing process
controls, and customer service databases.
Subjects of AI are not subject to human problems of illness or
fatigue, and, if they are well designed, can be less prone to
inconsistencies and mistakes.
Machines can be used to take on complex and stressful work
that would be otherwise performed by humans
Machines can complete the task faster than a human
assigned to do the same task
BENEFITS

7. Understanding complex software can be made in to easy-to-
understand types with the aid of artificial intelligence
Less errors and defects, less costs
Minimized time and resources. Time and resources are not
wasted but effectively used to achieve the end goal
Their function is infinite
Predicting outcomes allows the AI program to improve
business intelligence
BENEFITS (2)

8. A.I. may be the last invention humans ever need to
make
Technological progress in all other fields will be
accelerated by the arrival of advanced artificial
intelligence
A.I. will lead to more advanced A.I.
Artificial minds can be easily copied
RISKS

9. Emergence of A.I. may be sudden
A.I. are potentially autonomous agents
A.I. need not have humanlike motives
A.I. may not have humanlike psyches
Loss of human fertility :)
RISKS (2)

10. AI CANNOT:
Fast, intuitive judgement v.s. conscious, step-by-
step deduction
Use intuitive "working assumptions“
Fast intuitive interpretation of data
Human brain non-conscious and sub-symbolic
nature v.s. A.I. rationality

11. IS THERE ANY SOLUTION?
"We must execute the creation of
Artificial Intelligence as the exact
application of an exact art. And maybe
then we can win.*"
*Eliezer Yudkowsky. "Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor
in Global Risk", 2006

12. WORLDWIDE FAMOUS USES OF AI
Thinking machines and artificial beings appear
already in Greek myths – the bronze robot Talos
of Crete
A common feature in fiction – Mary Shelly’s
Frankenstein is one of the most famous
creatures
Genetically engineered Na’vi human hybrid
bodies Avatars in James Cameron film

13. WORLDWIDE FAMOUS USES OF AI (2)
Second life – a virtual world accessible on the
Internet, developed by Linden Lab (2003). Enables
users to interact with each other through avatars –
digital persons, created and customized by the
users and resembling a real or an alternate
identity. 20 million registered user accounts.

14. WORLDWIDE FAMOUS USES OF AI (3)
Specialized projects:
brain simulation,
cognitive architectures,
games,
knowledge and reasoning,
motion and manipulation,
natural language processing,
planning,
multipurpose projects (software libraries, cloud
services).

15. WORLDWIDE FAMOUS USES OF AI (4)
Examples:
Robotic helper for the elderly or handicapped in daily
life activities
Prosthetic arm mind-controlled through existing
nerves
A surgical robotic system NeuroArm that can do
delicate brain surgery
NASA’s man on Mars delivering samples of soil and
ice for analysis

16. WORLDWIDE FAMOUS USES OF AI (5)
Digital secretary Ultra Hal or Helen
A floor cleaning robot
Self driving vehicles
Solution for alternative route info to escape traffic
jams
Machine translation, etc.

17. REAL LIFE STORY

18. INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE CENTER (IEC)
COMPANY BACKGROUND
Founded in 1989 in Riga, Latvia
Is represented in 12 countries with more than 100 offices in total (Russia, Ukraine, China,
Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, etc)
 Around 200 employees
 Each year about 100 000 students participate in different programs offered by IEC
 Mission: to promote cross-cultural awareness through work, volunteer and trainee
programs worldwide
 Industry: education and work programs worldwide (e.g. Work&Travel, Au Pair, Trainee
programs, Camp USA,etc)
 Information technologies

19. IEC VIRTUAL TRAVEL CAFE
 1994 – next to Riga IEC office was opened one of the 1st Internet cafes in
Riga on Kalku str.20. Aim: to give students who participate in programs access
to internet sites with the information about programs, countries etc
 1998 – Internet cafe turns into Virtual Travel’s cafe offering the following
services to the public: Internet virtual travels, 3D cinema
 2002 – Robot appears in IEC Virtual Travel Cafe

20. AI AT IEC
 Name: Randel (IRI-3000)
 Weight: 300kg
 Producer: Internationalrobotics
http://internationalrobotics.com/index.html
 Description:
World class mobile communication robot
Vertical, adult size, programmable robotic personality
Has a beautifully designed outer body
Price: $85,000

21. RANDEL AT IEC
USE
 Entertainment
 Marketing activities
 Exhibitions PROS
 Attention
 Loyality and trust
 Fun
CONS
 Unexpected behaviour
 Expensive maintenance
 Human help always needed
 Loose potential clients

22. TALKING TO RANDEL
Karlis:
-Randel, what’s my name?
Randel:
-Don’t you know?
Karlis:
- How do you think?
Randel:
- How do you think I think?
Stranger:
- Divide 999 999 by 13! Quick!
Randel:
- Why?
Stranger:
- I really need it! Please!
Randel:
- 76 923.
Stranger:
- Correct... Anyway I do not
believe...
Randel:
- Then why do you come here
every day?

23. RANDEL’S LIFE TODAY
• 2005 Virtual Travel cafe is closed
• 2005 – 2009 Robot is “working” in IEC office
• 2009 Robot is sent to the IEC Moscow office
• 2010 Robot gets his virtual prototype on the IEC Russian
webpage (www.iec.ru)