2. THROUGHOUT HUMAN HISTORY, individuals and societies
have always focused their energies consciously or
subconsciously on a central key idea that could, if
sufficient energy and effort were devoted to it, help
them move towards a more idealized future—a
future that would in some way make their
individual and collective life experience better and
assuage their fears.
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3. Evolution of the Concept of Development
Development as The Evolution
of Human Consciousness
Development as Human Well Being
Development as Democracy
Development as Economic Growth
Development as Righteousness
Development as Power
Development as Safety
Development as Survival
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4. Development as Economic Growth
Current Culture Current Culture
ICELAND USA
2008 2010
Cultural Cultural
Entropy Entropy
53% 58%
PV-CC = 0 Materialistic PV-CC = 0 Bureaucracy
CC-DC = 0 Short-term focus CC-DC = 0 Corruption
Educational opportunities Blame
Uuncertainty about the future Uncertainty about the future
Corruption Wasted resources
Elitism Materialistic
Material needs Crime violence
Wasted resources Unemployment
Gender discrimination Conflict/aggression
Blame Military strength
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5. Development as Evolution of Human Consciousness
Current Culture
Bhutan
2008
Cultural
Entropy
4%
PV-CC = 1 Continuous improvement
CC-DC = 6 Environmental protection
Strict moral/religious codes
Political rights
Education
Nature conservancy
Shared vision
Information availability
Shared values
Contentment
Social justice
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6. Cultural Entropy in Nations
60% 57%
56%
54% 54%
53%
51%
50% 48%
44%
43%
42%
40%
32%
31%
30%
26%
22%
20%
10%
4%
0%
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7. THE CONTINUED PROGRESS of 14 billion years of
evolution is now dependent on the evolution of
human consciousness. If we want consciousness to
continue to evolve, we need to shift from a state of
unconscious evolution to a state of conscious
evolution. We must start assessing how well we are
doing by measuring ourselves against the full
spectrum of human needs.
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8. First, Some Important Questions
1. What is consciousness?
2. What is evolution?
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9. What is Consciousness?
Consciousness is the mechanism that is used by atoms, cells and
creatures to maintain their existence in the physical world.
Consciousness is:
“Awareness with a purpose”
The Purpose of every entity is always the same:
“To attain, maintain or enhance internal stability
and external equilibrium”
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10. What is Evolution?
Based on the definition of consciousness we can define evolution as:
“The unfolding ability of physical entities and their
group structures to attain, maintain, and enhance
internal stability and external equilibrium in
increasingly complex environments.”
OR
“The unfolding ability of consciousness to unify
itself in the physical world.”
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11. The Universal Stages of Evolution
From the Big Bang … to the Present Day
Stage 3
And as life conditions become even more
complex, group structures then cooperate with
each other to form a higher order entity.
Stage 2
Evolution
As life conditions become more
complex, entities bond with each other to
create viable independent group structures.
Stage 1
Entities learn how to become viable and
independent in their frameworks of existence.
Energy Atoms Molecules Cells Organisms Creatures Homo sapiens
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12. Stages in the Evolution of Individual Consciousness
Stage 3: Serving
Cooperating to create a
higher order entity Integrating
Stage 2: Self-
Bonding to form a actualizing
Evolution
group structure Individuating
Stage 1: Differentiating
Becoming viable
and independent Conforming
Surviving
Time
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13. Stages in the Evolution of Societal Consciousness
Stage 3: Global
Serving
Cooperating to create Grouping
a higher order entity Regional
Integrating
Groupings
Stage 2: Cohesive
Self-actualizing
Bonding to form a Nations
Evolution
group structure
Nations Individuating
Stage 1: States Differentiating
Becoming viable
and independent Tribes Conforming
Bands Surviving
Time
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14. Stage in the Evolution of Consciousness
Stage 3:
Cooperating to create
a higher order entity
Stage 2:
Bonding to form a
group structure
Stage 1:
Becoming viable
and independent
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15. Primary Emotional Experiences
Bliss
Love Serenity
Reverence
Understanding
Forgiveness
Optimism
Trust
Trust
Affirmation
Hate
Anxiety
Fear
Despair
Blame
Humiliation
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16. The Role of Fear
THE EVOLUTION OF GLOBAL CONSCIOUSNESS
NEXT STEPS
17. WE GROW AND EVOLVE in
consciousness, individually and collectively, to
the extent that we are able to remove fear from
our lives. Fear prevents individuation and self-
actualization and keeps us focused on our
deficiency needs.
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18. Four Types of Fear
1. Personal Conscious and Subconscious Fears
2. Cultural “DNA” Fear
3. Regime Fear
4. Situational Fear
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19. Personal Fears
Personal Fears: The conscious and subconscious fear-based beliefs
we learn during childhood about satisfying our physical and
emotional needs (increasing pleasure and avoiding physical and
emotional pain) in our family environment.
“Early Maladaptive Schemas [beliefs] seem to be the result of
dysfunctional experiences with parents, siblings, and peers during
the first few years of an individual’s life. Most schemas [beliefs] are
caused by ongoing everyday noxious experiences with family
members and peers which cumulatively strengthen the schema
[belief].”
Jeffrey Young, Founder and Director of the Cognitive Therapy Centres of
New York and Fairfield County (Connecticut)
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20. Cultural Fears
Cultural “DNA” Fear
The fears that are based on the historical journey of an ethnic
group that is passed from one generation to the next about
meeting its deficiency needs.
Regime Fear
The fears that are generated in totalitarian or authoritarian
regimes that prevent people speaking the truth as they see
it, and expressing a voice of dissention.
Situational Fear
The fears that are generated by citizen’s reactions to events that
destabilize the internal instability and external disequilibrium of
the nation.
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21. Cultural “DNA” Fear
Calculating Cultural DNA Fear:
Starting Point: Hofstede’s Four Cultural Dimensions for 50 nations
• Power/Distance (PDI value 11-104)
• Collectivism versus Individualism (IDV value 6-91)
• Femininity versus Masculinity (MAS value 5-95)
• Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI value 8-112)
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22. Levels of Cultural (DNA) Fear
Italy 216 Indonesia 255 People in these
Iran 216 Turkey 256
India 222 Pakistan 258 countries are primarily
France 223 Uruguay 260 focused on attempting
Costa Rica 224 Arab Countries 260
Hong Kong 226 Malaysia 261 to meet their
East Africa 227 South Korea 263 deficiency needs
Spain 231 Philippines 267
Belgium 235 Portugal 268
Thailand 239 Peru 274
Argentina 242 Salvador 278
Yugoslavia 245 Greece 291
Chile 251 Japan 292
Taiwan 252 Colombia 295 Stage 1:
Brazil 253 Ecuador 297 Becoming viable
West Africa 254 Mexico 299
Panama 311 and independent
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23. Levels of Cultural (DNA) Fear
Great Britain 142
New Zealand 147
Finland 152
USA 154
Canada 155
Australia 155 Stage 2:
Ireland 158 Bonding to form a
Jamaica 184
Israel 184 cohesive group structure
Switzerland 191
South Africa 193
Germany FR 198
Singapore 201 People in these
Austria 202
countries are
attempting to
individuate and self-
actualize
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24. Levels of Cultural (DNA) Fear
Stage 3:
Cooperating to create
Denmark 81 a higher order entity
Sweden 92
Norway 117
Netherlands 132
People in these
countries are
attempting to meet
their higher order
growth needs
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25. Relationship between Fear and Democracy Level
Authoritarian Pseudo- Electoral Liberal
Regime Democracy Democracy Democracy
350
300
250
Level of Fear
200
150
100
50
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Democracy Index
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26. Democracy Index
According to the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) out of 167 countries
surveyed in 2010, only 26 nations could be classified as full
democracies—nations that have fulfilled the EIU’s operational
requirements for democracy. There were 53 flawed democracies; 33
hybrid regimes; and 55 authoritarian regimes.
• Full democracies attained a score between 8.00 and 10
(Liberal Democracies)
• Flawed democracies scored between 6.00 and 7.90
(Electoral Democracies)
• Hybrid regimes scored between 4.00 and 5.90
(Pseudo Democracies)
• Authoritarian regimes scored below 4.00.
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27. Fear vs. Democracy Index (Liberal Democracies)
350
300
250
Level of Fear
200
150
100
50
0
8 8.5 9 9.5 10
Democracy Index
Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Netherlands, Finland, New
Zealand, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, Spain, Germany, Ireland, Belgium, Italy, USA, UK, Greece,
France, Portugal. www.valuescentre.com
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28. Fear vs. HDI (Liberal Democracies)
300
250
200
Level of Fear
150
100
50
0
0.7 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78 0.8 0.82 0.84 0.86 0.88
Human Development Index
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29. Conclusions
The nations with the lowest levels of Cultural DNA fear are:
a) Rich—they have achieved a level of per capita income that allows
people to satisfy their physiological and emotional deficiency needs
b) Egalitarian—the people pay very little attention to race, gender or
class divisions
c) The people feel cared for and safe—they trust that things will work
out and are therefore at ease with uncertainty.
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30. Conclusions
The nations with the highest levels of Cultural DNA fear are:
a) Poor—they have not achieved a level of per capita income that
allows people to satisfy their physiological deficiency needs
b) Unequal—there are significant inequalities and discrimination
between people of different race, gender, religion, and class
c) The people feel uncared for and unsafe—they cling together in their
racial, ethnic or religious groups for protection and safety
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31. Conclusions
Reducing the Level of
Cultural DNA Fear in high Authoritarian Pseudo- Electoral Liberal
fear nations Regime Democracy Democracy Democracy
USD 60,000
There is a close correlation
USD 50,000
between the underlying
level of Cultural DNA fear in
GNI per Capita
USD 40,000
a nation, the level Income
per capita and the level of USD 30,000
democracy. As people are
increasingly able to meet USD 20,000
their deficiency needs, the
USD 10,000
level of fear declines and
the demand for USD 0
individuation and self- 0 2 4 6 8 10
actualization triggering a
Democracy Index
shift to democracy.
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32. Conclusions
Authoritaria Pseudo- Electoral Liberal
Reducing the Level of n Regime Democracy Democracy Democracy
Cultural DNA Fear in low
350
fear nations
300
There is a close correlation
between the underlying 250
Level of Fear
level of Cultural DNA fear in
200
a nation, and the level of
democracy. As the quality of 150
democracy increases, the
100
level of fear decreases
because people have the 50
freedom and opportunities
to individuate and self- 0
actualize. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Democracy Index
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34. Moving from Freedom to Trust
The ultimate measure of the quality of a democracy is the level of trust
(internal cohesion) that can be found in a nation and that the level of trust
is inversely proportional to the level of cultural fear.
350 10
300
9.5
250
Democracy Index
200 9
Level of Fear
150 8.5
100
8
50
0 7.5
0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80
Most People can be trusted (% agreeing) Most People can be trusted (% agreeing)
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35. Moving from Freedom to Trust
Trust
Transparency
Liberal Democracy
Openness
Stage 2:
Evolution
Fairness Bonding to form a cohesive
group structure
Accountability
Electoral Democracy
Equality Pseudo-democracy
Authoritarian Regime
Freedom
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36. Democracy in UK, US and Sweden
10
9.17
9 8.5
8.07
8
7.18 7.28 7.18
7.02
6.86
7 6.68
6.38
6.04
5.86
6 5.63
5.29
5 4.96
4.85
5
4.43
3.95 4.07
3.82
4
3
2
1
0
Freedom Equality Accountability Fairness Openness Transparency Trust
US UK Sweden
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37. Democracy in UK, US and Sweden
Cultural Entropy Democracy Index
Level of Fear
(2009) (2010)
Sweden 92 31% 9.50 (4th)
UK 142 43% 8.16 (18th)
US 154 52% 8.18 (16th)
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38. Freedom and Equality
It is important to remember that the primary reason democracy came
into existence was to curb the domination, power and excesses of the
ruling/governing elites.
If we fail to be vigilant on this matter; if we fail to institutionalise the
value of equality, we will not see democracy flourish. We will slow down
both the spread and progress of democracy, and revert back to
authoritarian governance—at best through benevolent authoritarian
elites; at worst through imperialistic authoritarian elites.
Low Equality High Equality
High Freedom Anarchy Democracy
Low Freedom Elites Rule Communism
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39. We Need a New Leadership Paradigm
• A shift from “I” to “we”
• A shift from “what’s in it for
me” to “what’s best for the
common good”
• A shift from being the “best in
the world” to the “best for the
world”
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40. We Need a New Way of Understanding Ourselves
• A shift from “Ego” to “Soul”
• Learning how to lead a
“values-driven” life
• Learning how to lead a
“purpose-driven” life
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41. Questions:
Question 1:
What can I do (or my company) to promote the
evolution of human consciousness?
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42. Questions:
Question 2:
What can we do (CTT Network) to promote the
evolution of human consciousness?
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