Biofuels; Biorefineries; Related Technologies

University POLITEHNICA of BucharestUniversity POLITEHNICA of Bucharest
Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials ScienceFaculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science
http://www.chimie.upb.ro/https://www.facebook.com/fcasm.upb
Domain: BiotechnologiesDomain: Biotechnologies
Specialty:Specialty: BIOFUELS, BIOREFINERIES, and RELATEDBIOFUELS, BIOREFINERIES, and RELATED
TECHNOLOGIESTECHNOLOGIES
Type: Interdisciplinary/Transdisciplinary Master

Specialty:Specialty: Biofuels, Biorefineries, and Related Technologies
Origin
Fossil fuel reserves are limited!
CO2 concentration in the
atmosphere increases
exponentially!

Evolution of raw materials sources for the
production of organic chemical compounds
After a long period of petroleum supremacy, organic chemistry
turns to renewable resources!

 The use of 10% biofuels in traditional fuels (EU target for
2020)
 The gradual replacement of organic intermediates derived
from petroleum with those derived from biomass;
 The biorefinery of the future will produce biofuels, valuable
organic intermediates, biodegradable polymers, plant
extracts, and foods, etc.
The current trend

• 1857 – the first country in the world with a officially registered
production of crude oil
• The first refinery in the world– 1856 Ploiești – Marin Mehedințeanu
• In 1937, Romania held the 7th place in the world in oil reserves;
• The value of the oil extracted by Romania is estimated to be around
200 billion $ (http://www.zf.ro/companii/energie/romania-mai-are-rezerve-de-petrol-de-peste-200-de-
miliarde-de-dolari-piata-are-nevoie-insa-de-concurenta-pentru-a-debloca-subsolul-si-a-creste-gradul-de-
recuperare-a-resurselor-14064411)
• How much oil is left? Hard to say, maybe 9-20 years.
Petroleum in Romania

Biomass in Romania
Biomass resources exceed several times the oil reserves, and they are
renewable and can provide jobs to tens of thousands people!
• starch and sugars (cereals and potato starches and sugar-rich plants);
• vegetable oils, producing mainly food ingredients, and valuable chemical intermediates
(oleochemicals) from plants like rapeseed, sunflower, soybean;
• green biomass (hay, alfalfa, etc.), it has two distinct separated sections processing juice and
cake;
• lignocellulose – processing of a wide range of lignocellulose biomass by thermochemical,
chemical or biological processes;
• aquatic biomass (micro or macro algae)
• household waste

 General introductory courses:
– Biochemistry - special chapters
– Bioresources
 Specific subjects of domain:
– Biomass conversion by thermochemical processes
– Biofuels - technologies
– Biorefineries - technologies
– Biorefineries – process integration
– Biofuels expertise
– Pollutant emissions reduction during the obtaining and use of
biofuels
– Superior biomass valorization – fine chemistry
Curricula

 Specific courses – Chemical engineering
– Flow in polyphase systems
– Mass transfer in polyphase systems
– Chemical and biochemical reactors
 Optional courses:
– Clean energy sources / Systems for energy storage
– Numerical methods and optimization / Automatic control of
bioprocesses
– Additives for biofuels / Biopolymers
 Management course:
– Project management

Internships and study visits

Research directions
 BIOFUELS
– Biofuels or olefins by Fischer Tropsch synthesis
– Bioethanol by fermentation
– Obtaining biodiesel from waste oils or oils with high acidity
– Additives for fuels and biofuels
– Exploitation of glycerin as a byproduct from biodiesel production
 BIORESOURCES
– Extraction of bioactives from plant (oils, polyphenols, etc.)
– Production of valuable chemical intermediates from biomass
(HMF, succinic acid, lactic acid, etc.)
– Natural extracts of compounds with biocidal properties used for
an ecological agriculture
– Surfactants from renewable sources
– Enzymatic reactions

Employment opportunities
Profile enterprises (refineries, factories
producing biofuels)
PRIOBIO Lehliu, ROMPETROL, SC IPO BIODIESEL,
MAREX Braila, SC Biofuel SA
Superior biomass valorization and
Product quality control laboratories
GEROCOSEN, TYMBARK, Chemix
Educational, research and design institutions
ICECHIM, SIPCHEM
Equipments and products sale and
distribution
Compact industrial, Bioterpena

- Further professional development of
graduation - PhD
Finalized theses:
•BIOETHANOL - METHODS FOR OBTAINING USING IMMOBILIZED YEAST
- Bădoiu Corina (Ovidius University)
•BIOETHANOL CONDITIONING FOR USE AS FUEL - Eduard Sarbu
(Chemical engineering design company)
•REMOVING SO2 And NOx FROM FLUE GASES USING ACCELERATED
ELECTRON BEAM - Valentina Gogulancea (Assistant Department of Chemical
and Biochemical Engineering )
In progress theses:
•Selective production of bioolefins
•Natural extract from plants - ginger oil production and encapsulation
•Natural extract from plants - polyphenols
•Methods of obtaining natural extracts
•Obtaining of essential oils from plants and their encapsulation

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Biofuels; Biorefineries; Related Technologies

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