Rosana Morgado, Professor, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil – Violence prevention: how to ensure parenting support, Expert Consultation on Family and Parenting Support, UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti Florence 26-27 May 2014

1. +
Violence Prevention:
how to ensure parenting
support?
Rosana Morgado
(ESS/UFRJ/Brazil)

3. +A snapshot of Brazilian demography
Total area (km2): 851.4876.599
Total Population in 2010 – 190.732.694
million
Men: 93.390.532
Women: 97.342.162

4. +
A snapshot of Brazilian demography

5. +Education - access
Only 23,5% children between de 0 a 3 are in
nurseries schools (SE- 2013)
 In 2013, 59% of our young people between 18 and
20 years had not finished secondary school (UNDP).
 Youth aged 15 to 29 neither study nor work - 9.6
million-about 1 in 5 in this age group (PNAD -2012)

6. Inequalities and Violence
 Of the 15 most unequal countries in the world Brazil is in third
position. The GINI index is: 0.56
Behind: Bolivia (0.60) and South Africa (0.59) (UNDP- 2010)
 In 2008 - 18, 7 million people lived on less than ¼ of minimum wage
per month (= $ 25 pounds)
 Of the 50 most violent cities in the world, 16 are Brazilian (NGO
Seguridade Justicia y Paz 2013)
 More than 30.000 people are murdered each year. This means a rate
of about 25 murders per 100.000 inhabitants, which puts our country
among the ten most violent on the planet.

9. + Violence against Women and
Children
 Among 84 countries, Brazil occupies the 7th position in
homicides against women with a rate of 4.6 murders per
100.000 inhabitants (in Europe the rate is 0.5 per 100.000
inhabitants) (Violence Map-2012)
 A woman is killed every two hours, 12 women per day, 40% of
them are between 18 and 30 years old.(Violence Map – 2012)
 124 thousand reports of violence against children and
adolescents. 14 cases of violence were recorded, on average,
per hour last year. (National Dial Line 100, 2013)

10. +Laws and Policies – Children and
Adolescents and Women
 In 1990, the approval of the National ‘Chart of Rights of the
Child and the Adolescent’ (ECA);
 In 2002 - The National Plan Facing Sexual Violence against
Children And Adolescents;
 In 2003 - The Special National Department of Policies for
Women;
 The approval in 2004 of the National Plan of Policies for
Women;
 The approval, in 2006, of the law known as “Maria da Penha”
that criminalizes domestic violence against women and created
Special Courts to DV.

11. + Main legal and policies frameworks of the Brazilian
definition of family
 According 226 article from Brazilian Constitution Family is:
"community formed by either parent and their
descendants, the duties and powers shall be
exercised equally by men and women and it is the
responsibility of the State to ensure assistance to the
family, creating mechanisms to suppress violence
within their relationships."

12. + National Policy of Social Services
(PNAS,2004)
Understands family as:
"a group of people who feel united by blood, and
affective ties, or solidarity." One of the PNAS
guidelines is: "the centrality of the family to design
and implementation of benefits , services ,
programmes and projects”

13. +
PNAS - Centres
 Basic Social Protection – CRAS (Reference Centres of Social
Servives)
 They have to offer different programmes to support vulnerable
families;
 They are also in charge of following up these families.
 Special Social Protection - CREAS (Specialized Centres of Social
Services)
 CREAS receive referrals from different services and they are
responsible for developing programmes to support children,
adolescents and their families which had them rights violated;
 CREAS programmes face high risk situation such as: youth crime,
child abuse and homeless people.

14. +“Bolsa Família” Programme
 It is a National Programme since 2003;
 It is a Programme involving a conditional cash transfer;
 Supports 14.1 million households, about 50 million people , or
over 25 % of the population, with per capita income below
USD 35 monthly;
 It has three main goals: the transfer of income promotes
immediate poverty relief; conditionalities strengthen access to
basic social rights in the areas of education, health and social
care; and actions and complementary programmes aim the
development of families;
 In 2013 it received the Award for Outstanding Achievement in
Social Security from ISSA.

15. + Some Research findings about poor
families
 Religious groups play important role in giving support to poor
families;
 Prevention Projects are carried out almost exclusively by
NGOs;
 There has been a marked increase in the number of families
headed by women;
 Although there is insuficiente support in poor communities,
youth and Young people between 15 and 23 have been
especially neglected.
(RIZZINI, 2007)

16. + The debate about families is focused on
the following aspects:
 a great distance between the design of integral
protection contained in the law and the reality
experienced by poor families;
 family responsibility and family as the only
responsible – blaming families, blaming mothers;
 family responsibilities and state protection;
 new different family arrangements.

17. + Talking about Families - more
support - some Challenges
 To change the focus from their failing, weaknesses and deficiences To
focus on the competency and potential of the children and their
families and the abilities of parents to bring up their children
(Rizzini,2007) – Developing programmes to ensure them;
 To desacralize family;
 To incorporate a gender perspective to the analysis of family relations;
 To develop public “Prevention Projects” based on “Art-Education”
 To develop na efifcient network between schools, health centres and
social services.

18. +
Challenges
 To Increase the number of Services and Programmes;
 To Increase the number of professionals;
 To Intensify professional ongoing training;
 To Improve the culture of monitoring and evaluation of policies /
public programmes
 To Intensify the co-ordanation beteween Services and
Programmes – Developing Protocols.

19. +