Planning a successful private cloud - CloudStack Collaboration Europe 2013
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This document summarizes key considerations and best practices for planning a private cloud, based on lessons from companies like Zynga, telcos, and others. It discusses defining service offerings and tenant requirements, choosing the right virtualization infrastructure and storage options, optimizing operations, and more. The goal is to build a private cloud that provides agility, flexibility, and cost efficiency compared to public cloud options.
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Planning a successful private cloud - CloudStack Collaboration Europe 2013
- 1. Planning your private cloud Learning from the lessons of others CloudStack Collaboration Conference Europe 2013 Tim Mackey â XenServer Community Evangelist
- 2. Private Cloud, Why Now? âą Valid alternative to public clouds that are cheap and readily available âą Speed and agility of deployment âą Control of corporate assets âą Cloud Management Platform market maturity âą Future-proofing for nextgen, webscale workloads âAn IaaS cloud is a highly automated virtual infrastructure that enables selfservice resource requests, and consumption of the shared environment is tracked for either chargeback or showback purposes.â Forrester Research 100âs of pilots and few production deployments in 2011; expected to be 10 times more in 2012 - Gartner © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 3. Capital Leverage Workforce Leverage Enterprise Objectives for Cloud Self Service Remove IT as a service delivery critical path Management Automation Reduce IT operational costs Workload Standardization Consistent application and service deployment Usage Metering Visibility into user and line of business usage Centralized Management Smarter Virtualization Manage complete infrastructure, regardless of scale Drive reduced capital requirements © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 4. Traditional Data Center Amazon-style Cloud Legacy Availability Zone CloudStack Management Server vCenter vSphere AND OR Enterprise Networking (e.g., VLAN) ESXi Cluster ESXi Cluster Availability Zone Availability Zone ESXi Cluster Enterprise Storage (e.g., SAN) © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Object Storage Availability Zone
- 5. Best practices arenât always
- 6. Density in the cloud
- 7. Traditional Server Virtualization âą Core Objectives á”Server consolidation á”Power and cooling savings á”Hardware independence âą Looks Like á”VM Density < 20 á”vCPU = pCPU á”vRAM = pRAM á”Low IOPS á”Redundancy matters á”No templates 7 © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 8. Desktop Virtualization âą Core Objectives á”Control of IP á”Ensuring patch compliance á”Supporting mobile workstyles âą Looks Like á”50 -100 VMs per host á”2-4 vCores = pCore á”1-2 vRAM = pRAM á”High IOPS á”Boot storms á”Network contention á”Highly templated 8 © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 9. Cloud Services âą Core Objectives á”Agile provisioning á”High degrees of tenant isolation á”Low operating margins âą Looks Like á”50-250 VMs per host á”2-8 vCore = pCore á”vRAM = pRAM á”Moderate IOPS á”Network contention á”Largely templated 9 © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 11. Before Virtualization ⹠Simple management model ⹠Provisioning took a long time ⹠Topologies fairly static © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 12. Along Comes Server Virtualization âą Multiple VMs/host á”Loss of visibility á”Loss of control âą Edge moves into host á”Network admins need to understand server virtualization © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 13. Example 1 â Mirroring Traffic âą Without virtualization this is pretty easy âą With virtualization you now have multiple VMs © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 14. Example 1 â Mirroring Traffic âą Without virtualization this is pretty easy âą With virtualization you now have multiple VMs á”Plus VMs can move âą Better to monitor at virtual switch © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 15. Example 2 â Network Policies âą Server admins have significant impact on the network á”IP and MAC Address á”Virtual NICs á”Protocols and ports âą Granular network control requires awareness of virtual machines á”Define policies at virtual switch © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 16. Network Management Tools Lag âą Assumptions of fixed topology á”Fine for physical á”Challenge for dynamic environment âą Not virtualization aware á”Incorrect topology á”Incomplete topology á”VM actions obsolete data © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy X
- 17. Virtual Machine Density Planning âą Host capacities are growing rapidly á”vSphere 5 > 512 VMs á”RHEV 3 > 1000 VMs á”Hyper-V > 2048 VMs âą Clouds and VDI push limits âą Top of rack switch selection matters? á”ARP table á”Switching performance drops á”VM starts, but canât connect © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Host 2 VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM Host 1 VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM
- 18. Storage choice is critical
- 19. Shared storage growth and provisioning time VMs VMs 500 1,000 500 100 200 Cost, AU AU â arbitrary units © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Provisioning efficiency
- 20. Combined efficiency and storage evolution VMs VMs Redesign 1,000 500 500 ? 1,000 100 200 Cost, AU AU â arbitrary units © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Alternatives 100 200 Cost, AU
- 21. Efficiency and pod storage No redesign VMs VMs Redesign 1,000 POD #3 1,000 POD #2 500 500 POD #1 100 200 Cost, AU AU â arbitrary units © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy 100 200 Cost, AU
- 22. What about local storage? VMs VMs 50 1,000 500 100 200 Cost, AU AU â arbitrary units © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Provisioning efficiency
- 23. Cost-Performance Trends Local storage trend VMs POD trend VMs 1,000 1,000 Traditional trend 500 500 Performance trend Local storage 100 200 Cost, AU Shared Storage © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy 100 200 Local Storage Cost, AU
- 24. Understanding disk usage and sizing VM_DISK OS_PARTITION USR_DATA SWAP TOTAL_DISK VM_COUNT * VM_DISK + SWAP = TOTAL_DISK VM_COUNT * (OS_PARTITION + USR_DATA) + SWAP = TOTAL_DISK VM_COUNT = (TOTAL_DISK â SWAP) Ă· (OS_PARTITION + USR_DATA) © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 25. Templates and thin provisioning matter USR_DATA OS_PARTITION SWAP TOTAL_DISK VM_COUNT * USR_DATA + OS_PARTITION + SWAP = TOTAL_DISK VM_COUNT = (TOTAL_DISK â SWAP â OS_PARTITION) Ă· USR_DATA © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 26. Storage performance IO per Disk Write Penalties RAID PENALTY VM Utilization RPM IOPS ITEM ~VALUE SSD 5,000+ 0 1 IOPS per VM 20 SAS 15,000 175 1 2 Size, KB 4-8 SAS 10,000 125 5 4 Writes, % 80 SAS 7,200 75 6 6 Reads, % 20 10 2 50 4 IOPS = [IOPS per DISK]*[Disk Count]*([% of Reads]+[% of Writes] ÷ [RAID Write Penalty]) VM_COUNT = IOPS ÷ [IOPS per VM] © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 27. Blueprint for success âŠ.
- 28. Cloud Builder Lessons from Zynga âą Public clouds are minivans âą zCloud is a race car á”zCloud is optimized for social gaming á”Know your application requirements âą Donât rent what you can own cheaper á”Cloud operator doesnât care about your success á”Optimized applications might be key âą Ensure you have backup plans á”Usage can and does spike á”Outages can and do happen © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy vs.
- 29. Cloud Builder Lessons From Telcos âą Utility computing fits business model á”Traditionally operate a low margin business model á”Understand tiered service offerings á”Have a history with instant provisioning âą Tiered service demands infrastructure flexibility á”âCost per instanceâ is paramount á”Charge extra for premium features á”Instance doesnât imply virtualization á”Be prepared to change vendors if better model appears âą Provisioning agility expected á”Customers expect instant self service access and detailed billing © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 30. Service Offerings âą Clearly define what you want to offer á”What types of applications á”Who has access, and who owns them á”What type of access âą Define how templates need to be managed á”Operating system support á”Patching requirements âą Define expectations around compliance and availability á”Who owns backup and monitoring © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 31. Define Tenancy Requirements âą Department data local to department á”Where is the application data stored âą Data and service isolation á”VM migration and host HA á”Network services âą Encryption of PII/PCI á”Where do keys live when data location unknown á”Need encryption designed for the cloud âą Showback to stakeholders á”More than just usage, compliance and audits © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 32. Virtualization Infrastructure âą Hypervisor defined by service offerings á”Donât select hypervisor based on âstandardsâ á”Understand true costs of virtualization á”Multiple hypervisors are âOKâ á”Bare metal can be a hypervisor âą To âPoolâ resources or not á”Is there a real requirement for pooled resources á”Can the cloud management solution do better? á”Real cost of shared storage âą Primary storage defined by hypervisor âą Template storage defined by solution á”Typically low cost options like NFS © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 33. Cloud Operations âą Design for maintainability âą Monitor critical components á”Management servers and system support VMs á”Hypervisor hosts, and critical infrastructure á”End user deployment environments If your cloud has maintenance windows, youâre doing it wrong. - Allan Leinwand Former CTO Zynga © Citrix 2013. More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy
- 34. Work better. Live better.