High level introduction to LTE Metrocells including reasons why, where/when deployed, factors to consider etc. Taster for the fully day Metrocell Masterclass - see https://www.thinksmallcell.com/Femtocell-Events/metrocell-masterclass-become-a-metrocell-expert-in-one-day.html

1. LTE Metrocells
Telco Evangelist
23 January 2013
London

2. About ThinkSmallCell
• David Chambers, B.Sc. • Metrocell MasterClass
(Hons), MIET, C.Eng, “Become a Metrocell Expert
Dip. M., MCIM, in one day”
• 3 independent industry
Chartered Marketer experts
• Founded Sept 2007 as • Choice of 2 locations
ThinkFemtocell – 21 Feb: IET, Savoy Place,
London
• Independent news, – 21 March: Homerton
analysis, insight into Conference Centre,
Cambridge
Small Cells • bit.ly/Metrocell
Sign up for our free monthly newsletter on all
aspects of Small Cells at ThinkSmallCell.com

3. Agenda
• Why small cells?
• What are LTE Small Cells?
• Where and when LTE metrocells will be
introduced
• Metrocell Backhaul
• Technical and practical constraints
• Potential market size

4. Coopers Law – Looking back
• The number of voice or data conversations
which can be conducted by all useful radio
spectrum within the same area.
• Doubled every 2.5 years for 100 years
Of 1 million times improvement in last
45 years
• 25x additional spectrum
• 25x spectral efficiency
• 1600x spatial efficiency
(i.e. smaller cell sizes)

5. Cooper’s Law – Looking ahead
• 3GPP workshop[1] on how best to grow capacity
1000x capacity increase can be achieved by:
– 3x additional spectrum
– 6x spectral efficiency
– 56x spatial efficiency
(i.e. small cells)
[1] June 2012: http://www.3gpp.org/Future-Radio-in-3GPP-300-attend

6. Differing scope of small cells terms
Small Cells
OR
Femtocells Small Cells
Residential Enterprise Metrocell Rural

7. Different scope of small cells
3G 4G/LTE Unlicensed
Licensed Licensed Spectrum
Spectrum Spectrum
Planned 3G LTE Carrier
(location pre- Metrocells Metrocells Wi-Fi
determined prior to
3G Rural LTE Rural
site build)
Small cells Small cells
Enterprise
Enterprise
Unplanned Wi-Fi
Femtocells
(location unknown
until operational)
Residential Residential
Femtocells Wi-Fi

8. Typical Metrocell Packaging
*Alcatel-Lucent 9364 3G Metro Cell Outdoor
*Tecom/Ubiquisys *Ubiquisys G7
Metrocell Indoor 3G/LTE
*Huawei Atomcell metrocell

9. Modular Design
Height: 296 mm (11.6 in.)
Width: 124 mm (4.9 in.)
Depth: 118 mm (4.6 in.)
Volume: 4.3 l (1.1 gal)
~3.5 kg (7.7 lb)
Power: 40W
Capacity: 32 concurrent
voice/data sessions
*Alcatel-Lucent 9764 3G Metro Cell Outdoor

10. Coloured to match: Cameleon
AtomCell Invisible Design :
*Huawei Atomcell

11. Street Layout

12. The Mobile Network Architecture
including LTE Interfaces
2G 3G Data (IP) Voice (PSTN)
Network Network
2.5G 4G
GGSN
PDN-GW
S5 Gn
S11 Gs
Core S4
Network
MME S-GW SGSN MSC
S3 Iu-ps Iu-cs
S1-MME S1-U
Iur
RNC RNC
Access
X2
Network Iub
eNodeB’s
Node B’s
Air LTE-Uu
Interface
Uu
UE
UE

13. SKT LTE Small Cell Architecture
Typical Femtocell Gateway specifications:
• Up to 100K LTE small cells per gateway
• Up to 3.8Gbit/s total traffic capacity
Source: SK Telecom June 2012

14. System Engineering Issues
• Timing/Sync
– LTE Advanced requires Phase & Frequency sync
• Self-Organising
– Self-Configuration
– Self-Optimisation
– Self-Healing
• Beam forming
– Tailored radiation footprint to reduce macrocell
interference

15. Choice of Spectrum
• Higher frequencies • Shared vs
– Shorter range Dedicated
– Lower in-building penetration Spectrum
– Less interference
Macrocell
Metrocell
700 800 900 1800 1900 2100 2300 2600 3500
MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz
10x Spectrum Pricing Differential 1x

16. Backhaul Capacity
It’s debatable how much required - Typical might be:
30-60Mbps per small cell
1Gbps per cluster including macrocell
10Gbps major concentration points
*Source: NGMN Backhaul
Requirements 2012

17. Backhaul Considerations
• Hot-Spot or Not-Spot
• Point-to-Point vs Point-to-Multipoint
• Reliability vs Availability
• Line-of-Sight or NLoS
• Capex vs Opex
• Installer Skillset

18. Backhaul Wireless Spectrum
800MHz 6GHz 57GHz 64GHz 85GHz
Optical
600THz
TV White
Microwave 60GHz
Space
Non Line-of-Sight E-Band
Dynamic & Unlicenced or
Licenced
Lightly Lightly
Licenced Licenced
Unlicenced

19. SK Telecom LTE small cell roadmap

20. Deployment Issues
• Three main concerns
– Site acquisition
– Power
– Backhaul
• But also
– Planning tools to identify ideal site locations
– Skill set for technicians to install equipment
– Scalability of planning, deployment processes
– Reducing future site visits

21. New commercial models
• Metrocell Hosting
– Virgin UK
– COLT
– BT
• Benefits
– Councils/landlords deal with few suppliers
– Operators outsource to companies with matching
skillsets and fieldforce

22. Forecast Growth
*Source: Rethink Research

23. Metrocell Masterclass
• Become a Metrocell Expert in one day
– 21 Feb 2013: The IET, Savoy Place, The Strand, LONDON
– 21 Mar 2013: Homerton Conference Centre, CAMBRIDGE
• Learn from three small cell experts
– David Chambers/Zahid Ghadialy/Justin Paul
• Full details and online store
– bit.ly/Metrocell
– ThinkSmallCell.com
• Discounts for early booking & 3 for 2 offer

24. Questions?
Backup
David Chambers