1. Intel Confidential — Do Not Forward
International Experience of Frequency Re-
farming for Mobile Broadband
Worapat Patram
Director of Corporate Affairs – Thailand
Director of Communication Policy – Asia Pacific

2. Agenda
• Corporate Overview
• Growing Traffic Demand : Need for More Spectrum
• Spectrum Re-Farming : EU & US
• Incentive Auction

3. • Leading Manufacturer of Computer, Networking & Communications Products
• 185 Sites in 63 Countries
• $53.3B in Annual Revenues from Customers Worldwide
• 25+ Consecutive Years of Positive Net Income
• Over 105,000 Employees
• 82,400 technical roles, 9,200 Masters in Science, 5,300 PhD’s, 4,000 MBA’s
• One of the Top Ten Most Valuable Brands in the World for 12 Consecutive Years
• Ranked #42 on Fortune’s World’s Most Admired Companies
• Invests $100 Million Each Year in Education Across More than 100 Countries
• Largest Voluntary Purchaser of Green Power in the United States
• >5M Hours of Volunteer Service in Our Communities over the Past 5 Years
Intel Corporation:
The World’s Largest Semiconductor Manufacturer

4. Agenda
• Corporate Overview
• Growing Traffic Demand : Need for More Spectrum
• Spectrum Re-Farming : EU & US
• Incentive Auction

5. Demand Of Traffic Is Growing
• ITU-R M2078 has
recommended that by 2020,
at least 1720 MHz of
Spectrum is needed to
accommodate the growing
demand of traffic.
Total spectrum
requirements for
RATG 1
Total spectrum
requirements for
RATG 2
Total spectrum
requirements RATGs
1 and 2
Lower user density settings 440 MHz 900 MHz 1 340 MHz
Higher user density settings 540 MHz 1 420 MHz 1 960 MHz
Working Party 5D

6. Where will the spectrum come from?
6
Source: Plum Consulting, London

7. Agenda
• Corporate Overview
• Growing Traffic Demand : Need for More Spectrum
• Spectrum Re-Farming : EU & US
• Incentive Auction

8. ITU
The efficient use of wireless requires government action in
the form of spectrum refarming, the clearing of frequencies
from low-value (by economic and/or social criteria) and
reassignment to high-value applications. This is a complex
and difficult task in that the occupants of the frequencies
to be reassigned are unlikely to be pleased by the change,
because of disruptions to their activities.
http://www.ictregulationtoolkit.org/en/toolkit/notes/PracticeNote/
2320

9. Spectrum Refarming
Generally speaking, refarming may be seen as process constituting
any basic change in conditions of frequency usage in a given part of
radio spectrum. Such basic changes might be:
 Change of technical conditions for frequency assignments;
 Change of application (particular radiocommunication system using the band);
 Change of allocation to a different radiocommunication service.
Source: http://www.ictregulationtoolkit.org/5.2.4.9

10. Permit licensees to deploy newer technologies
Regulators repurpose frequency bands that have historically been
allocated for older technologies to newer technologies
Typically allows current licensees additional flexibility to deploy
newer technologies
 European decisions to 2G (e.g. GSM) or 3G(e.g. UMTS) licensees permitted to deploy
4G technologies (e.g. LTE)
 USA decision on service flexibility in 2.5 GHz band

11. European Union Decisions
In 2009, the European Union decided to update the “GSM directive to
permit “3G” technologies to use the 900 and 1800 MHz bands.
 European Directive (2009/114/EC)1
 Decision (2009/776/ED)2 on the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands
In 2011, it was updated to permit “4G” technologies to use the bands
 2011 Commission Decision (2011/251/EC)3
In Nov. 2012, the European Commission gave member states until 30
June 2014 to refarm the 2 GHz spectrum band (1920-1980 MHz/
2110-2170 MHz) used by “3G UMTS” services for “4G LTE” services.
 Commission implementing decision C(2012) 7697
1 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:274:0025:0027:EN:PDF
2 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:274:0032:0035:EN:PDF
3 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2011:106:0009:0010:EN:PDF
4 https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/news/commission-implementing-decision-c2012-7697

12. US 2.5 GHz
In July 2004, FCC issued new rules for 2496-2690
MHz
FCC goals were:
 Encourage innovation by maximizing flexibility
 Promote broadband deployments
 Provide incumbents with reasonable opportunity to continue
current uses
 Enable a quick transition to the new band plan.
http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/
attachmatch/FCC-04-135A1.doc

13. US 2.5 GHz
3 year transition period (transition to new band plan)
Spectrum leasing (secondary market)
Technology neutral
Permitted mobility
Allows FDD or TDD operation
http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/
attachmatch/FCC-04-135A1.doc

14. MMDS 2.5 GHz band
• 190 MHz given flexibility to move from high power
1-way video to low power 2-way data.
FCC approach:
• Changed service parameters
• Rebanded to create contiguous licenses
• Didn’t take back spectrum, nor charge fees
• Permitted long leases with non-profit neighbors
14
•Attracted 3.2 billion in
new capital
• Enabled new BWA
(high-speed)
competition
• Fostering Industry
Innovation
USA: Service Flexibility

15. US 2.5 GHz Band Plan
New band plan
 Low power operation with high power operation in middle
16.5 MHz blocks, Any channel size
Regional licenses
 Dual mask (block edge) (43+10Log(P) and if needed 67+10Log(P) - 3 MHz from channel
edge (operator negotiable)
 47 dBuV/m @ 1.5 meter height at licensee boundary
A1
B1
A2
B2
A3
B3
A4
B4
C1
D1
C2
D2
C3
D3
C4
D4
E1
F1
E2
F2
E3
F3
E4
F4
G1
H1
G2
H2
G3
H3
G4
I
2500 MHz
CURRENT PLAN
A B C D
B
R
S
1
ADOPTED PLAN
2496
2495 MHz
1 MHz
GUARD
BAND
6
2
5
0
2 2518.5 2535 2551.5
2
5
6
8
4
(4) 16.5 MHz BLOCKS
CONSISTING OF (3) 5.5 MHz CHANNELS EACH
Flexible Use- “PCS like” rules
2572
A B C D G F E
B
R
S
2
4
E F H G
(4) 16.5 MHz BLOCKS
CONSISTING OF (3) 5.5 MHz CHANNELS EACH
Flexible Use- “PCS Like” rules
2614
6
2
5
7
2
2
5
7
8
2
5
8
4
2
5
9
0
2
5
9
6
2
6
0
2
2
6
0
8
2
6
1
4
2
6
1
8
2
6
2
4
EBS
BRS
GUARD BANDS
BRS CHANNELS 1 & 2
2640.5 2657 2673.5
(7) 6 MHz BLOCKS
High Power Operations
A1
B1
A2
B2
A3
B3
A4
B4
C1
D1
C2
D2
C3
D3
C4
D4
E1
F1
E2
F2
E3
F3
E4
F4
G1
H1
G2
H2
G3
H3
G4
I
A1
B1
A2
B2
A3
B3
A4
B4
C1
D1
C2
D2
C3
D3
C4
D4
E1
F1
E2
F2
E3
F3
E4
F4
G1
H1
G2
H2
G3
H3
G4
I
2500 MHz
CURRENT PLAN
A B C D
B
R
S
1
ADOPTED PLAN
2496
2495 MHz
1 MHz
GUARD
BAND
6
2
5
0
2 2518.5 2535 2551.5
2
5
6
8
4
(4) 16.5 MHz BLOCKS
CONSISTING OF (3) 5.5 MHz CHANNELS EACH
Flexible Use- “PCS like” rules
2572
A B C D G F EA B C D G F E
B
R
S
2
4
E F H G
(4) 16.5 MHz BLOCKS
CONSISTING OF (3) 5.5 MHz CHANNELS EACH
Flexible Use- “PCS Like” rules
2614
6
2
5
7
2
2
5
7
8
2
5
8
4
2
5
9
0
2
5
9
6
2
6
0
2
2
6
0
8
2
6
1
4
2
6
1
8
2
6
2
4
EBS
BRS
GUARD BANDS
BRS CHANNELS 1 & 2
2640.5 2657 2673.5
(7) 6 MHz BLOCKS
High Power Operations

16. Agenda
• Corporate Overview
• Growing Traffic Demand : Need for More Spectrum
• Spectrum Re-Farming : EU & US
• Incentive Auction (U.S.)

17. Change of allocation to a different
radiocommunication service.
Refarming spectrum from current service to new service,
 US process of refarming broadcast spectrum for mobile broadband via incentive
auctions

18. US Incentive Auctions
Incentive auctions are a voluntary, market-based means of
repurposing spectrum
Introduced in the 2010 National Broadband Plan
In February 2012, Congress authorized the FCC to conduct incentive
auctions and directed that the FCC use this for auction of broadcast
television spectrum.
In September 2012, the FCC adopted a Notice of Proposed
Rulemaking
Source and further information:
http://www.fcc.gov/incentiveauctions

19. US Incentive Auctions
•2-step process
1) Incumbents (e.g. broadcasters) decide price at which they will give up license.
2) New users (e.g. mobile operators) decide price they would pay for cleared spectrum
•Benefits
Taxpayers
• New users’ price- incumbents’ price= $ to US Treasury
Incumbents/ new operators
• Entirely voluntary so spectrum reallocated only when the parties agree new use
more valuable than existing one
Consumers
• Lower prices, more minutes of use, less congestion and new more valuable services
would dwarf the gains to incumbents, broadband operators and taxpayers.

20. Intel Confidential — Do Not Forward