1. Types of Volcanoes
Based on its
Structure and
Activity
MELCS: Describe the different types of
volcanoes and volcanic eruption (S9ES-
IIIa-26)
Enabling Objective: Describe the types of
volcanoes based on structure and activity.
2.
3.
4. Classifying volcanoes by type of shapes:
Cinder cone volcanoes are the simplest type of volcano. They are
built from particles and blobs of solidified lava ejected from a single
vent.
Lava is thrown into the air, which breaks into small fragments that
solidify and fall as cinders around the vent to form a circular or oval
cone.
Most cinder cones have a steep slope,and wide crater and are the
most abundant of the three major volcano types.
An example are Taal Volcano in Batangas, Smith Volcano found in
Babuyan Group of Islands, Mount Mayabobo found in Quezon
Province, and Mount Musuan in Bukidnon, Paricutin volcano in
Mexico.
5. Cinder cone volcanoes
steep, cone-shaped hill
It is built pieces of magma that harden in the air and fall to form a
small , steep-sided volcano.
Ex. Mount Etna, Sicily, Italy
Taal Volcano Mount Etna
7. Composite volcanoes or
stratovolcanoes
are large, typically steep-sided, symmetrical
cones of large dimension formed from
alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic
ash, cinders, blocks, and pyroclastic
materials. One important feature of a
composite volcano is the conduit system
from which magma rises to the surface of
the Earth.
They are formed from viscous, or sticky,
lava that does not flow easily. The lava
builds up around the vent forming a volcano
with steep sides.
“stratovolcano” -the stratification of the layers
along the slope of the volcano.
8. Composite volcanoes or
stratovolcanoes
A composite volcano is a cone-shaped
volcano built of high-silica magma. The tall
cone consists of layers of lava and layers of
rock fragments.
Some famous composite volcanoes in the
Philippines are Mount Mayon in Albay, Mount
Arayat in Pampanga, Mount Kanlaon in Negros
Island, and Mount Apo in Davao Region.
Mount Rainier in Washington, USA, and Mount
Fuji in Japan.
9. Shield volcanoes
are large, broad volcanoes that look similar to
shields from above – hence the name.
These volcanoes are built almost entirely of fluid
lava flow thus these volcanoes are not steep.
They can be easily identified because they are tall
and broad, with flat, rounded shapes.
The lava is not accompanied by pyroclastic
materials, which makes shield volcanoes relatively
safe.
Eruptions at shield volcanoes are only explosive if
water somehow gets into the vent.
A shield volcano is built from many eruptions of
lava that is low in silica and flows easily. It is a
broad flat dome.
Mauna Loa in Hawaii is one of the largest shield
volcanoes. Mauna Loa
11. Craters are formed by the
outward explosion of rocks and
other materials from a volcano.
Calderas are formed by the
inward collapse of a volcano.
Craters are usually more circular
than calderas. (Calderas may have
parts of their sides missing
because land collapses unevenly.)
12. WHAT’S MY TYPE?
Identify the type of volcano (CINDER CONE, SHIELD VOLCANO, COMPOSITE
VOLCANO) as described by the following statements.
1. It is the most abundant and the simplest type of volcano.
2. It is built almost entirely of fluid lava flows.
3. It is a slightly domed structure that resembles a warrior’s shield.
4. Mayon Volcano is an example of this type of volcano.
5. It has a steep slope and wide crater.
6. It is built from ejected lava fragments.
7. It has a nearly perfect sloped structure.
8. An example of this type of volcano is the Taal Volcano in Batangas.
9. It is formed from alternate solidification of both lava and pyroclastic deposits.
10. It can easily be identified because of its structure which is tall and broad
with flat rounded shape.
13. EVALUATION: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1.What type of volcanoes are formed from viscous or sticky lava that does not flow
easily?
A. cinder cones
B. composite volcanoes
C. lava domes
D. shield volcanoes
2. Which of the following is TRUE about cinder cone?
A. It is built from particles and blobs of solidified lava ejected from a single
vent.
B. Lava coming out from this volcano is not accompanied by pyroclastic
materials.
C. Lava blown out from this volcano breaks into small fragments solidify and
fell as cinder around the vent.
D. It is formed from viscous magma being erupted effusively onto the surface
and then piling up around the vent.
14. 3.Which type of volcanoes have broad bases and steep slopes and are formed by
alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, cinders, blocks and pyroclastic
materials?
A. cinder cones
B. composite volcanoes
C. lava domes
D. shield volcanoes
4. What type of volcanoes are formed from wide thin layers of lava?
A. lava domes
B. cinder cones
C. shield volcanoes
D. composite volcanoes
5. What type of volcano is Mayon Volcano which is formed from alternating layers of a
lava flow, undissolved stone, and ash?
A. lava domes
B. cinder cones
C. shield volcanoes
D. composite volcanoes
15. Answer:
1. Cinder Cone Volcano
2. Shield Volcano
3. Shield volcano
4. Composite volcano
5. Cinder cone volcano
6. Cinder cone volcano
7. Composite volcano
8. Cinder cone volcano
9. Composite volcano
10. Shield volcano
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. D
16.
17. Types of Volcanoes Based on its
Structure and Activity
MELCS: Describe the different types of
volcanoes and volcanic eruption (S9ES-IIIa-26)
Enabling Objective:
Differentiate between active and inactive volcanoes
and give examples of each type which are found in
the Philippines.
18. Oh! What Volcano Am I?
Identify shape of the volcano and complete the statement by using the word bank.
broad, warrior’s shield steep, wide almost, uniform
19. Classification of Volcanoes according to their Record of Eruption:
PHIVOLCS have adapted a system by volcanoes can be classified as
active or inactive.
Active volcanoes are those that have a record of eruption within the last
600 years or those that erupted 10, 000 years ago based on the analyses
of their materials
Inactive volcanoes are those that have not erupted for the last 10,000
years and their physical form is being changed by agents of weathering
and erosion the rough formation of deep and long gullies.
Potentially active volcanoes are those that have no records of volcanic
activity but are morphologically young-looking.
23. ACTIVITY 3: ACTIVE OR
INACTIVE?
Refer to the given map below to
identify the following volcanoes
in the Philippines
whether ACTIVE or INACTIVE.
Explain your answer and write
them on a separate
sheet of paper.
24.
25. Answer the guide questions
1. Are all the volcanoes found in the same location?
2. Which of the volcanoes had the most number of eruptions? Least
number of eruptions? No record of eruption?
3. How will you classify the volcanoes that have records of eruptions?
How will you classify volcanoes with no record of eruption?
4. In your own words, differentiate an active volcano from an inactive
one.
26.
27. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following volcanoes is classified as active volcano?
a. Mount Iraya b. Mount Mayon c. Mount Cabaluyan d. Mount Tamburok
2. Which is considered as an inactive volcano?
a. Mount Pinatubo b. Mount Urot c. Mount Mayon d. Mount Iraya
3. What is an active volcano?
a. A volcano that has no record of eruption for the last 10,000 years.
b. A volcano that has a record of eruption for the last 600 years or 10,00 years.
c. A volcano that erupts yearly.
d. A volcano that never erupts at all.
4. How will you describe an inactive volcano?
a. A volcano that never erupts for the last 100 years.
b. A volcano that has no record of eruption for the last 10,000 years.
c. A volcano that never erupts at all.
d. All of the above.
5. What is the meaning of PHIVOLCS?
a. Philippine Volcanology System
b. Philippine Volcanoes and Study
c. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
d. Philippine Volcanoes System and Study
