2. Today I will discuss about….
•Definition of Pollution
•Types of pollution
3. DEFINATION OF POLLUTION
when harmful substances contaminated the
environment it is called as Pollution.
pollution refers to the every bad condition of
environment in terms of quantity and quality.
5. Air Pollution
Air pollution is introduction of particulates, biological
molecules, or other harmful materials into the Earth’s
atmosphere, causing disease, death to humans, damage to
humans, damage to other living organisms
7. Types of air pollutants….
Primary pollutants
• Pollutants that are emitted directly from identifiable sources by both natural events
or human activities.
• Ex. Dust storms, emission from vehicles.
Secondary pollutants
• When certain chemical reactions take place among the primary pollutants.
• Ex. Sulfuric acid.
8. Causes of Air Pollution…….
• Emission from industrial Plants and
Manufacturing Activities.
• Combustion from fossil fuels.. ….
• Farming chemicals and household products…..
• Natural causes of Air Pollution.
• Other causes.
9. Effects of Air Pollution….
Air Pollution affects….
• Human health.
• Animals.
• Plants.
• The atmosphere as whole.
• Global Warming.
• Ozone depletion.
• Acid Rain.
• Various respiratory organs.
10. Water Pollution
• Water Pollution is the contamination of water bodies
This form of environmental degradation occurs when
pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water
bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful
compounds.
12. Types
Surface water pollution
• found on the exterior of the Earth’s crust, oceans, rivers
and lakes.
Groundwater pollution
• found in soil or under rock structure or aquifers.
13. Causes of Water Pollution
• Human dumping.
• Industrial waste release.
• Land water flow.
• Farm Pollution.
• Improper Drainage system.
• Groundwater contamination.
• Plastic Waste.
• Due to fisheries.
• Due to leakage of petroleum.
14. Effects of Water Pollution
1. Diseases like cholera.
2. Malaria.
3. Typhoid(spread during the rainy season.
4. Aquatic life gets destroyed.
15. Noise Pollution
Noise can be simply defined by unwanted sound.
The sound is pleasant or not depends Upon its Loudness,
rhythm, Duration, and mood of person.
Noise level:
1. Intensity.
2. Frequency.
3. Period of exposure.
4. Duration.
17. Sources of Noise Pollution
• Transportation.
• Heavy Machinery.
• Construction activities.
• Celebrations and household appliances.
18. Causes of Noise Pollution
• Traffic noise.
• Aircraft noise.
• Noise from construction and civil engineering works.
• Noise from industries.
• Noise of fire crackers.
• Noise of sound system.
19. Effects of Noise Pollution
• Hearing loss..
• High blood pressure.
• Stress.
• Sleep Disturbance.
• Color blindness.
20. Land Pollution
•Land Pollution is the demolition of earth’s land
surfaces often cause by human activities and
their misuse of land resources. It occurs when
waste is not disposed properly.
•Urbanization and industrialization are major
causes of land pollution.
22. Causes of Land Pollution
Four main causes of Land Pollution
•Construction
•Agriculture
•Domestic waste
•Industrial waste
23. Effects of Land Pollution
• Industrial pollutants may render soil toxic.
• Destruction of micro organism due to presence of heavy
metals.
• Soluble soil makes soil fertile.
• Agricultural land become useless.
• More use of fertilizers on land may create hazards by
entering into the food chain.
24. Control of Land Pollution
• Wastage and rubbish should be disposed off by using
natural or scientific method.
• Before dumping Suez or drainage water, it should be
treated and should be converted in to fertilizer.
• Using proper method of disposing industrial waste.
• Precautions to be taken to reduce Air and water pollution.
• Using less of chemical fertilizers and pesticides/
insecticides.
25. Light Pollution
• Light Pollution also called photo pollution or
luminescence pollution refers to a brightening of
night sky due to scattering of artificial light by
gaseous molecule and dust particle in the air.
28. Causes of land pollution
•Street and vehicle light
•Advertising light
•Industrial light
29. Effects of Light Pollution
•Energy and Environment
•People’s health
•Plants and Animals
30. Radioactive pollution
• Radioactive Pollution can be defined as the emission of high energy
particles or radioactive substances into air ,water or land due to
human activities in the form of radioactive waste.
• Production of nuclear fuel Nuclear power reactors use radio
nuclides in industries for various applications.
• Nuclear test carried out by defense personnel.
• Disposal of nuclear waste uranium mining.
32. Natural source of Radiation
• Cosmic Radiation
• Terrestrial Radiation
• Internal Radiation
Man-Made Sources of Radiation
• Production and research of nuclear weapons
• Mining of radioactive ore
• Medical waste
• Nuclear power plants
• Industrial radiography (X-ray imaging)
33. Uses of Radiation
• In medicine
-Radiation and radioactive substances are used for
diagnosis treatment and research
• In communication
-All modern communication systems use form of
electromagnetic radiation. Variations in the intensity of the radiation
represent changes in the sound ,pictures, or other information being
transmitted
34. Causes of Radioactive Pollution
• Prevention of nuclear fuel.
• Nuclear power reactors.
• Use of Radio nuclides in industries for various
applications.
• Nuclear test carried out by Defense Personnel.
• Disposal of nuclear waste.
• Uranium mining.
35. Effects of Radioactive Pollution
On Human beings
• The impact of radioactive pollution on human beings can vary from
mild to fatal ;the magnitude of the adverse effects largely depends
on the level and duration of exposure to radioactivity. Low levels of
localized exposure may only have a superficial effect and cause mild
skin irritation.
• Long-term exposure or exposure to high amounts of radiation can
have far more serious health effects . Radioactive rays can use
irreparable damage to DNA molecules and can lead to a life
threatening condition.
36. Thermal Pollution
• Thermal Pollution is the harmful increase in water temperature in
streams , rivers, lakes, or occasionally, costal ocean waters.
• It is the degradation of water quality by any process that changes
ambient water temperature.
• A temperature increase as small as 1 or 2 Celsius degrees (about 2
to 4 Fahrenheit degrees) can kill native fish , shellfish , and plants ,
or drive them out in favor of other species , often with undesirable
effects.
38. Sources of Thermal Pollution
The major sources of thermal pollution are discharged of heated water or hot waste
material into water bodies from:-
• Nuclear power plant
• Industrial effluents
• Domestic waste
• Hydro-electricity power
• Coal fired power plants
• Thermal shock
• Deforestation
• Soil erosion
39. Effects of Thermal Pollution
Environmental effects of heated water into aquatic system
depend on:-
• Temperature difference
• Areas of receiving water or stream
• Quality of receiving water
• Rate of discharge
• Rate of heat and dissipation of heat
• Presence of down stream users
40. Causes of Thermal Pollution
The various causes of Thermal Pollution as follow:-
• Coal-fired Power Plants
• Industrial Effluents
• Nuclear Power Plants
• Soil Erosion
