2. Will + infinitive
1.A decision at the moment of speaking.
Ex:
Julie: There's no milk.
John: Really? In that case, I'll go and get some.
2.A prediction based on opinion: I think the Conservatives will win the
next election
3.A future fact: The sun will rise tomorrow.
4.For promises / requests / refusals / offers: I'll help you tomorrow,
if you like.
What's the difference? ‘Will’ and 'be going to'
3. Be going to + infinitive
1.A decision before the moment of speaking:
Julie: There's no milk.
John: I know. I'm going to go and get some when this TV
program finishes.
2. A prediction based on something we can see (or hear)
now:
Ex: The Conservatives are going to win the election. They
already have most of the votes.
4. Shall is used to indicate future action. It is most commonly
used in sentences with "I" or "we" and is often found in
suggestions, such as "Shall we go?" "Shall" is also frequently
used in promises or voluntary actions.
1.Shall I help you? suggestion
2.I shall never forget where I came from. promise
3.I shall become our next group. predestination
4.I'm afraid Mr. Smith shall become our new director.
inevitability
Will is used with promises or voluntary actions that take
place in the future. "Will" can also be used to make
predictions about the future.
1.I promise that I will write you every single day. promise
2.I will make dinner tonight. voluntary action
3.He thinks it will rain tomorrow. prediction
6. FUTURE SIMPLE TENSES
THIS PAGE IS AN INTRODUCTION TO THE MOST
IMPORTANT ONES:
Adverbs of time: Soon, in a moment, tomorrow, next week etc.
Predictions/statements of fact
will/shall + V.inf
• The auxiliary verb will is used in making predictions or simple
statements of fact about the future.
1.The sun will rise at 6.30 tomorrow.
2.If you help me, I will help you.
3.Do you think she will come soon?
4.You won't pass your exams if you don't start working harder
7. CONTRACTION WITH FUTURE SIMPLE
WHEN WE USE THE FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE IN
SPEAKING, WE OFTEN CONTRACT THE SUBJECT AND AUXILIARY
VERB:
I will I'll
You will You'll
He/she/it will He/she/we'll
We will We'll
They will They'll
8. IN NEGATIVE SENTENCES, WE CONTRACT
WITH WON'T, LIKE THIS:
I will not I won't
You will not You won't
He/she/it will not He/we/she won't
We will We won't
They will They won"t
9. INTENTIONS
Be going to + V.inf
• The auxiliary verb going to is used in talking about intentions. (An
intention is a plan for the future that you have already thought
about.)
1.We're going to buy a new car next month.
2.I'm going to work in a bank when I leave school.
3.In the new year I'm going to stop eating so much junk.
4.He's not going to go to the dance. He's got too much work.
5.Are you going to play basketball after school?
10. ARRANGEMENTS
is/am/are + V.ing
• have already thought about and discussed with someone else.) The
present continuous tense is used in talking about arrangements. (An
arrangement is a plan for the future that you
1.I'm meeting my mother at the airport tomorrow.
2.Sorry, I can't stay after school today; I'm playing tennis with Tong.
3.My sister's going to the dentist tomorrow.
4.I'm not returning home for the holidays, so I can come to your party
after all!
5.Are you doing anything on Sunday morning?
6.Do you know if he is going to the dance with Maiko next week?
11. SCHEDULED EVENTS
Present simple(V.1)
• The present simple tense is usually used to refer to future events that are
scheduled (and outside of our control).
1.She has an appointment with the headmaster after school today.
2.There's no need to hurry. The train doesn't leave for another 30
minutes.
3.When does the meeting begin?
Formal
Be + to v.inf
is used to talk about official plans and arrangements in a formal style.
13. THE STRUCTURE
Will/shall + be + V.ing
FUNCTIONS
The future continuous refers to an unfinished action or event that will
be in progress at a time later than now. The future continuous is used
for quite a few different purposes.
The future continuous can be used to project ourselves into the future.
Positive: S + will + be + V.ing
Negative: S + won’t + be + V.ing
Question: Will + S + be + V.ing ?
1.This time next week I will be sun-bathing in Bali.
2.By Christmas I will be skiing like a pro.
3.Will you be staying with me tonight?
14. The future continuous can be used for predicting or guessing about future
events.
EXAMPLES
1.He'll be coming to the meeting, I expect.
2.I guess you'll be feeling thirsty after working in the sun.
3.You'll be missing the sunshine once you're back in England.
In the interrogative form, the future continuous can be used to ask
politely for information about the future.
EXAMPLES
1.Will you be bringing your friend to the pub tonight?
2.Will Jim be coming with us?
3.Will she be going to the party tonight?
4.Will I be sleeping in this room?
15. The future continuous can be used to refer to continuous events that we expect to happen in
the future.
EXAMPLES
1.I'll be seeing Jim at the conference next week.
2.When he is in Australia he will be staying with friends.
3.I'll be eating with Jane this evening so I can tell her.
When combined with still, the future continuous refers to events that are already
happening now and that we expect to continue some time into the future.
EXAMPLES
1.In an hour I'll still be ironing my clothes.
2.Tomorrow he'll still be suffering from his cold.
3.Next year will she still be wearing a size six?
4.Won't stock prices still be falling in the morning?
5.Unfortunately, sea levels will still be rising in 20 years.
17. FUNCTION
The future perfect tense refers to a completed action in the future. When we use this
tense we are projecting ourselves forward into the future and looking back at an action
that will be completed some time later than now. It is most often used with a time
expression.
FUTURE PERFECT
will/shall + have + V.3
1.I will have been here for six months on June 23rd.
2.You will have finished your report by this time next week.
3.Won't they have arrived by 5:00?
4.Will you have eaten when I pick you up?
Positive: S + will + have + V.3
Negative: S + won’t + have+ V.3 Question: Will + S + have+ V.3
?
18. FUTURE IN THE PAST
Future in the Past is used to express the idea that in the past you thought something
would happen in the future. It does not matter if you are correct or not. Future in the
Past follows the same basic rules as the Simple Future. "Would" is used to volunteer or
promise, and "was going to" is used to plan. Moreover, both forms can be used to make
predictions about the future.
would as the past tense of will.
Wouldn’t as the past tense of won’t.
1.He thought he would buy one the next day.
2.He skipped so many classes. But he would regret it later.
3.Praew promised that she wouldn’t be late.
19. was, were + going to as the past tense of be + going to.
1.It was Friday. We were going to set off the next day.
2.I was going to gat a driver’s license, but I failed the color blindness test.
was, were + to inf. as the past tense of be + to inf.
1.I thought we would no longer be friends because we were to spend 4 years at
different school.
21. WHAT IS THE FUTURE PERFECT
CONTINUOUS?
Future Perfect Continuous has two different forms:
"will have been doing " and "be going to have been doing."
Unlike Simple Future forms, Future Perfect Continuous
forms are usually interchangeable.
NOTE: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to
create the Future Perfect Continuous with little or no
difference in meaning
22. FORM FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
WITH "WILL"
subject + will have been +
present
participle
FORM FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
WITH “BE GOING TO”
am/is/are + going to have
been +
present
participle
23. EXAMPLES
• I will have been waiting here for three hours by six
o'clock.
• You will have been waiting for more than two hours when
her plane finally arrives.
• Next year he will have been working here for four years.
• You are going to have been waiting for more than two
hours when her plane finally arrives.
• Are you going to have been waiting for more than two
hours when her plane finally arrives?
24. HOW TO USE?
USE 1 Duration Before Something in the Future
We use the Future Perfect Continuous to show that
something will continue up until a particular event or time
in the future. "for two weeks," and "since Friday" are all
durations which can be used with the Future Perfect
Continuous.
25. EXAMPLES
• I will have been talking for over an hour by the time Eye arrives.
• She is going to have been working at that company for three years
when it finally closes.
• How long will you have been studying when you graduate?
26. USE 2 CAUSE OF SOMETHING IN THE
FUTURE
Using the Future Perfect Continuous before another action
in the future is a good way to show cause and effect.
27. EXAMPLES
• Chanyeol will be tired when he gets home because
he will have been jogging for over an hour.
• kris's English will be perfect when he returns to china
because he is going to have been living in the Canada for
over two years.
29. 1.On Sunday at 9 o’clock I __________ (to meet) my
friend.
2. When I __________ (to see) you tomorrow, I
__________ (show) you my new phone.
3. This summer, I __________ (to live) in Brighton for
four years.
4. This time next week I __________ (ski) in
Switzerland!
5. Look at the clouds – it __________ (to rain) in a few
minutes.
