Instantaneous power is defined as the product of the instantaneous current and voltage at a specific time. It varies with time according to the equations P(t)=I(t)V(t). Average power is calculated by taking the average of the instantaneous power over one period of time. Examples of instantaneous power include the starting of an automobile engine, cracking, the launching of a projectile from a catapult, and the kick of a donkey.

4.  Instantaneous Power is the rate at
which energy is absorbed/delivered to
an element at a specific time.
 Instantaneous power varies with time.

5.  Mathematically instantaneous power is defined
as product of function I(t) & v(t).
 P(t)=I(t).V(t)
 Where
 I(t)=Imcos(wt+θi)
 V(t)=Vmcos(wt+θv)

6.  where Vm and Im are the amplitudes (or peak
values), and θv and θi are the phase angles of
the voltage and current
p(t) = v(t)i(t) = VmIm cos(ωt + θv) cos(ωt + θi)
p(t) =1/2VmImcos(θv- θi)+1/2VmImcos(2wt+θv+ θi)

8. Voltage across resistor is defined by ohm law
is
The instantaneous power delivered to the
resistor is
    Rtitv 
     
R
tv
Rtitp
2
2


9.  Voltage across inductor is defined as:
The instantaneous power delivered to the inductor
is
( )
( )
di t
v t L
dt

( )
di
p t vi Li
dt
 

10. Current across capacitor is defined as:
Ic(t)=Cdv/dt
The instantaneous power delivered to the
capacitor is
( )
dv
p t vi Cv
dt
 

11.  We know that when we pay our bills to the electric
utility companies, we are paying for the electric
energy consumed over a certain period of time.
Actually our bill is consummation of instantaneous
power over certain period of time.
 Average power is average of instantaneous power
over one period and is mathematcally defined as
t
p(t)=1/T∫P(t)dt
0

12.  Starting of Automobile engine is example of
instantaneous power.

13.  Cracking is another example of instantaneous
power.

14.  Catapult is also example of instantaneous
power.

15.  Kick of donkey is also example of
instantaneous power.

16. THANK YOU