Implementation of the Paris Agreement in Canada

1. Implementation of the Paris
Agreement in Canada
Louise Métivier
Assistant Deputy Minister of International Affairs and
Chief Negotiator for Climate Change
Environment and Climate Change Canada
June 22, 2016

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The Paris Agreement
• Establishes a universal, long-term framework for global action: 177 Parties
signed the Agreement on April 22
• Limits the global average temperature rise to well below 2°C and pursues
efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C
• Recognizes the role of non-state actors, including in terms of accelerating
pre-2020 action
• Increases ambition over time by requiring countries to update their targets
every five years – updates informed by global stock take
• Enhanced efforts on adaptation and resilience
• Acknowledges the role of cooperative approaches and internationally
transferred mitigation outcomes (ITMOs)
• Requires an enhanced transparency Framework and robust accounting and
reporting provisions

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The Paris Agreement is ambitious and
transformative
• The Paris Agreement requires increased global ambition
and accelerated transition to low-carbon economies
• Transformation requires massive investments beyond
Governments, through mobilization of private sector
– Innovation is pivotal – Mission Innovation
– Opportunities: Canadian companies are well positioned
• Developed countries have committed to provide support
to developing countries
– Canada committed to provide $2.65 B over five years

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Complementary Initiatives
• We can further the objectives of the Paris Agreement by
advancing climate change in a number of fora and
through initiatives:
– Climate and Clean Air Coalition (Canada co-chair) and
the Global Methane Initiative
– Carbon Pricing Leadership Coalition
– Montreal Protocol amendment to phase down HFCs
– Adopting a market based solution under the International
Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

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Focus on early Entry into Force and
preparations for implementation
• Promote signing and ratification of Paris Agreement in
2016
– Entry into Force: ratification by 55 parties representing 55% of
global emissions
• Technical work programme until 2019 on rules and
guidelines - Canada will seek to advance provisions that:
– Support robust accountability and transparency requirements
– Promote cooperation through international carbon markets
– Facilitate ambitious action and clean technology innovation
– Advocate for gender equality and Indigenous rights
• Mid-century low-GHG development strategy
• Implement INDC and take actions at home

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Canada’s climate change actions reflects
national circumstances
• Canada’s geographic, demographic, and economic
circumstances influence its GHG emissions profile:
– Extreme, variable climate contributes to higher energy use
– Large landmass and low population density contribute to longer
travel times and higher demand for freight transportation
– Northern and coastal regions particularly vulnerable
– Resource-based, export-oriented economy with sustained
growth
• Canada is a decentralized federation: environment is an
area of shared jurisdiction between the federal and
provincial governments

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Canada's Emissions by Sector
2013 2030

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With current measures, GHG emissions are
projected to increase
• Canada’s target is 30% below 2005 levels in 2030
• Emissions are currently projected to be 9% above 2005 levels
in 2030, a gap of 291 Mt

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Domestic investments
• Domestic Funding Commitments:
– $3.4 billion over five years for climate change, air pollution,
protected areas, and environmental assessments
– $1 billion over four years for clean technology
– $60B in new funding over 10 years for infrastructure
▪ Public transit, green infrastructure, and social
infrastructure
▪ Can support climate change mitigation and adaptation
– $2B over two years for the Low Carbon Economy Fund
▪ Support for provincial and territorial actions to reduce
GHGs

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Pan-Canadian Framework on Climate Change
and Clean Growth
• In March 2016 Vancouver Declaration, Canadian First Ministers
collectively committed to build a low-carbon, climate resilient
economy by:
– Promoting clean economic growth to create jobs;
– Delivering mitigation actions; and
– Increasing action on adaptation and climate resilience.
• A federal/provincial/territorial process was launched to develop a
Pan-Canadian Framework for Clean Growth and Climate Change
– The framework is to be agreed at a First Ministers’ Meeting to be held
this fall, and implemented by early 2017
– It will inform Canada’s approach to achieving its international
commitments, incl. meeting or exceeding Canada’s current international
commitment
– Four working groups were established to develop options for the
framework

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Working Group Mandates
• Clean Technology, Innovation and Jobs: Stimulate economic
growth, create jobs, and drive innovation across all sectors.
• Carbon Pricing Mechanisms: Assess the role of carbon pricing
mechanisms in meeting Canada’s emissions reduction targets,
including different design options taking into consideration existing
and planned provincial and territorial systems.
• Specific Mitigation Opportunities: Achieve a range of ambitious
reductions in key sectors, including large industrial emitters,
transportation, electricity generation and transmission, built
environment, agriculture and forestry, and government operations.
• Adaptation and Climate Resilience: Identify measures to adapt to
the impacts of climate change, support affected communities and
build great climate resilience.

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Robust engagement is instrumental for
developing effective policies
• Engagement is a key facet in developing a Pan-Canadian framework
that supports climate change action, while taking into account the
challenges Canada faces.
• Working groups are consulting:
– Indigenous Peoples, including weekly meetings with National
Indigenous Organizations.
– Stakeholders, including industry sectors.
– Public, through online presence and town halls.
• Please visit http://letstalkclimateaction.ca to contribute to the ongoing
consultations.

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North America has a longstanding history of
cooperation on climate change action
• Regional cooperation for over 20 years under the Commission for
Environmental Cooperation – Climate Change part of current strategic plan
• Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. have championed an amendment to phase
down hydrofluorocarbons under the Montreal Protocol since 2009
• Canada, Mexico, and the US are three of the six founding partners of the
Climate and Clean Air Coalition
• Canada, the US, and Mexico worked closely at CoP21 and signed on to
various common initiatives including, Because the Ocean and Mission
Innovation.
• The U.S.-Canada joint statement on climate, energy, and arctic leadership in
March 2016, recognized a common vision of a sustainable North American
economy
• The Mexican President visit and the upcoming North American Leaders’
Summit offer opportunities to further North-American cooperation