This is a presentation about the typycal elements in a LAN. Here we will talking about a LAN, network cards, switches, routers, protocol TCP/IP and IP address.

1. Susana Rodríguez

2. • A LAN is a computer network which
interconnect lots of different
computer devices.
• These devices are usually close
together.
• They are private networks that allow
users to share devices and
programs, or send files and emails.

3. • Network card is an electronic device that
connects a computer to a computer network,
usually a LAN.
• It is considered a piece of computer hardware.
• Each network node or station has to have
special communications card specific to the
type of Ethernet that is being set up.
• The transmission speed is important, so the
card must be selected based on the network
speed.
• The communications protocol must be prepared
and configured.

4. • These are active network elements.
• They have a series of RJ45 ports used to
connect to the network nodes.
• Switches are faster than hubs.
• They always know which nodes are
connected to their ports.
• Switches can be connected to other
switches in piles known as stacks.

5. • Routers are small physical devices that
join multiple networks together.
• It connects two or more networks and the
router operates at the network layer.
• Home networks typically use an IP router,
which joins the LAN to the wide-area
network (WAN) of the Internet.

6. • A network protocol is a set of rules that help to ensure reliable transfer of information. This allows
computers to communicate with each other.
• Network protocols carry out five functions:
1. Correctly locate any computer.
2. Understand all the messages, regardless of the type of communication used.
3. Understand all the messages, regardless of the operating system used.
4. Allow secure information exchange.
5. Finish the correction correctly.
• All the operating systems work with the protocol TCP/IP, which is also the protocol used by the
Internet.

7. • The protocol TCP provides reliable transfer of information
transmitted across the network.
• The protocol IP transfers information to the destination
computer.

8. • Each computer is assigned its own unique address
called an IP address.
• Each IP address is made up of four groups of
numbers separated by full stops. Each of these
groups can have a value of between 0 and 255.
• Its function is identify computers connected to the
Internet so that they can be located quickly and
accurately.