Semeru Runtimes : under the cover

1. Java innovation with
Semeru Runtimes:
under the cover
Samir Kamerkar,
Gireesh Punathil

2. Please note
• IBM’s statements regarding its plans, directions, and intent are subject to change
or withdrawal without notice and at IBM’s sole discretion.
• Information regarding potential future products is intended to outline our general product direction
and it should not be relied on in making a purchasing decision.
• The information mentioned regarding potential future products is not a commitment, promise,
or legal obligation to deliver any material, code or functionality. Information about potential
future products may not be incorporated into any contract.
• The development, release, and timing of any future features or
functionality described for our products remains at our sole discretion.
• Performance is based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled
environment. The actual throughput or performance that any user will experience will vary depending
upon many factors, including considerations such as the amount of multiprogramming in the user’s job
stream, the I/O configuration, the storage configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no
assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve results similar to those stated here.

3. Outline
3
Java Ecosystem overview
IBM Semeru Runtimes: Introduction
IBM Semeru Runtimes: Deep dive
IBM Semeru Runtime: Java Innovations for Cloud
IBM Semeru Runtime: Innovation examples
Conclusion

4. The History
• 1995: Sun Microsystems released Java
• 1996: IBM signed the first Java Technology Agreement
with Sun.
• Since then one of the largest investors in Java
technology
• 2005: We delivered an independent implementation of
JVM spec, IBM J9 VM
• Provided competitive advantage for our platforms and
products.
• 2010: Oracle acquired Sun and ownership of Java
technology
• IBM renewed our agreement with them and joined
OpenJDK
• 2017: We open sourced J9 at Eclipse foundation as
OpenJ9
• Started building it at AdoptOpenJDK community
4

5. IBM SDK for Java 7,8
Oracle JavaTM SE
Red Hat OpenJDK
JetBrains Runtime
SAP SAPMachine Azul Zulu
BellSoft Liberica
contributor
agreement rights
technology
license and
distribution
agreement
Hotspot
Hotspot
Hotspot
Supported as part of
RHEL / Red Hat Middleware /
Windows OpenJDK Subscription
IBM Confidential
Java Ecosystem
August 2017
Open-Source License
IBM Commercial
License
Oracle Commercial
License

6. IBM SDK for Java 7,8
contributor
agreement rights
technology
license and
distribution
agreement
IBM Runtimes for
Business Support for
AdoptOpenJDK 8, 11+ LTS
AdoptOpenJDK 8,11+
IBM Confidential
Hotspot
GPLv2 +CE
license
Java Ecosystem
September 2017
Oracle JavaTM SE
Hotspot
Open-Source License
IBM Commercial
License
Oracle Commercial
License

7. The Java Landscape today
• IBM strategy is to promote a free,
open, vendor neutral Java ecosystem
and continue to deliver well tested
and free builds of OpenJ9 based
OpenJDK
• We continue to collaborate with Oracle
• We also work together in the OpenJDK
community, with others like Red Hat and SAP
• We provide the broadest platform coverage, and
contribute to Platform projects in OpenJDK
• Others like Bellsoft, Azul, Amazon are also working
in the Open Java Ecosystem, with Microsoft also
joining recently
7
3%
IBM SDK for Java
Technology
23%
Oracle JavaTM SE
8%
Red Hat OpenJDK
JetBrains OpenJDK
1%
SAP SAPMachine
16%
Azul Zulu
2%
BellSoft Liberica
Microsoft Build of
OpenJDK
28%
OpenJDK
2%
Alibaba Dragonwell
9%
Amazon Corretto
44%
AdoptOpenJDK Hotspot
AdoptOpenJDK OpenJ9
JVM Ecosystem Report 2021 | Sn

8. IBM SDK for Java 7,8
contributor
agreement rights
technology
license and
distribution
agreement
GPLv2 +CE
license
Hotspot
IBM Confidential
Eclipse Adoptium
Temurin 8,11+
IBM Semeru Runtime
Open Edition 8+
IBM Semeru Runtime
Certified Edition 11+ LTS
IBM SDK for Java 11+
on z/OS
IBM proprietary
z/OS components
Eclipse Adoptium
Vendor JDK
marketplace
IBM Runtimes for
Business Support for IBM
Semeru Runtimes
Open-Source License
IBM Commercial
License
Oracle Commercial
License

9. Semeru = Open Source Java build by IBM*
9
IBM
Semeru
Runtimes
IBM
Release
Ops
Oracle JavaTCK (ComplianceTests)
OpenJDK
class
libraries for
OpenJ9
OpenJ9
JVM
IBM Internal
From
Oracle
From
OpenJDK
From
Eclipse
OpenJ9
From Adoptium
- Build scripts
- AQAvit tests
- AQAvit test scripts
Open Edition
GPLv2 + CE
Not Java certified
Certified Edition
IBM license
Java certified
AlsoTo Adoptium
Marketplace
No
cost!
* Except for Semeru CE for z/OS, where we do include IBM proprietary technology

10. IBM Semeru is optimized for Java on the cloud
10
Recognize resource
limits imposed
by environment
Use computing
resources
judiciously
Fast
start-up
Small
deployment
size
In Short : Build small containers, quickly provision new ones
Computing resources ==
• JRE vs JDK
• jlink to minimize
dependencies
• smaller OS images
• Container awareness :
CPUs and memory limits
• Allow user to specify
heap size as a percent of
container memory size
• Use larger –Xmx default
value in containers
• Reduced memory use to
work well in shared
environment by default
• -Xtune:virtualized
enables further
reduction in CPU and
memory use
• More content in shared classes
cache (SCC) and better quality
AOT compiled code
• Embed SCC in containers
• Multi-layered SCC for different
container layers
• Portable AOT : easier container
build with embedded SCC

11. IBM Semeru Runtimes
ibm.com/semeru-runtimes
11
• IBM built OpenJDK runtimes powered by the
Eclipse OpenJ9™ JVM (foundation of IBM’s Java-
based-software for 15+ years)
• No cost, stable, secure, high performance, cloud
optimised, multi-platform, ready for
development and production use, Eclipse
AQAvit™ Quality assured
• Two Editions:
• IBM® Semeru Runtime™ Open Edition
Open source license (GPLv2+CE)
Available for Java versions 8, 11, 17 (soon 18)
• IBM® Semeru Runtime™ Certified Edition
IBM license, TCK certified
Available for Java LTS versions 11, 17 Available
for Java LTS versions 11 on z/OS
• IBM commercial support 100% optional and
available through IBM Runtimes for Business
Mount Semeru - the tallest mountain on island of Java
in Indonesia
Where to get it?
• Home Page - ibm.com/semeru-runtimes
• Downloads, Getting started, Release notes etc.
• Official images at DockerHub (Open Edition only)
• ibm-semeru-runtimes/open-<8,11,17>-<jre,jdk>
• IBM Container Registry
• icr.io/appcafe/ibm-semeru-runtimes:open-{8/11/17}-
{jdk/jre}-{ubi/ubi-minimal}
• Eclipse Adoptium Working Group Marketplace
(Certified Edition only, coming soon)

12. Java Technology Delivery via Semeru Runtimes
12
GC and JIT improvements (memory and performance)
Crypto performance improvements (up to 35X faster)
TLS 1.3
Platform support: Linux AArch64, Power 10
Portable AOT and multilayer shared caches

13. • Leverages base OS capability of snapshot / restore
• Process state includes memory, file handles, and network
• Convenient hooks at life cycle points to improve usability
What is a CRIU Snapshot ?
Application
starts up
Application reaches
snapshot point
Application runs pre
snapshot hooks
Application initiates
snapshot
Build time
Application exits after
snapshot
Restore Application
from snapshot
Application runs post
restore hooks
Run time
Restore Application
from snapshot
Application runs post
restore hooks
Run time
Application continues
running
Application continues
running
13
What is a CRIU Snapshot ?
Summary: Fast startup without changing programming model

14. Linux CRIU capable of reducing startup time dramatically
Summary: 5-10X reduction in first response time
14
Linux CRIU capable of reducing startup time dramatically

15. JVM client identifies methods to compile, but asks server to do JIT compiles securely
• JIT server asks questions to the client JVM (about classes, environment, etc.)
• JIT server sends generated code back to be installed in JVM client’s code cache
• Decoupling of JIT from the JVM allows the client and the JIT to be scaled out independently
• JIT Server is a supported feature in IBM Semeru that has GAed on Linux X86 and Power platforms
What is JIT server ?
15
Java Performance in the Cloud
What is JIT Server ?

16. Benefits of an independent JIT server
• Remove JIT induced CPU and memory spikes from JVM clients
• Faster time to ramp up to peak throughput
• Future : centralized JIT server can profile the cluster
16
Benefits of remote compilation at JIT server

17. 17
Optimization area Current capability Future plans
Startup time Shared cache
Cached JIT code
Class relationship verifier
JIT heuristics
Instant on: snapshot/restore
Project Leyden: native image
Memory footprint Shared cache
Frugal heap growth heuristics
Single word object header
Compressed references
Container awareness
JIT Server: reduce compiler
impact on memory footprint
security OpenSSL accelerated crypto FIPS support
Crypto card support
Acceleration for more algorithms
Usability & migration Command line option mapping
Tool equivalents (jcmd, jstack, etc.)
Same source JVM across JDK 8,11,17
Container awareness
Platforms: Mac M1, zArtemis
Java 18, Java 19 feature releases
Semeru Runtimes Focus Areas

18. •Unrivaled Java support in the industry
•Included for consuming IBM products
•Skilled team in full stack analysis to
pinpoint the problem
•Now also available for customers using
Semeru Runtimes, directly via IBM
Runtimes for Business (IRB) offering
World class Java support
18
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

19. Semeru for OpenJ9; Temurin for Hotspot
19
IBM® SDK for Java™️ 7, 8,
11
IBM® Semeru Runtime™️
Certified Edition JDK11+
IBM® Semeru Runtime™️
Open Edition JDK 8,11+
Eclipse® OpenJ9™️ in OpenJDK
8,11+
(AdoptOpenJDK)
Hotspot in OpenJDK 8,11+
(AdoptOpenJDK)
Eclipse® Temurin™️
(Adoptium)
®
Eclipse
OpenJ9
Hotspot

20. OpenJDK key JEPS, deprecations and deletions:
Java 17:
Sealed classes
Return to strict FP semantics
Strongly encapsulate JDK internals
Deprecate Security manager for removal
Deprecate Applet API for removal
Remove RMI activation
Remove experimental AOT and JIT compiler
Java 18:
UTF-8 charset default for standard Java APIs
Deprecate finalization for removal
 Pay attention to what’s changing in feature releases so you
can plan what you need to do for next LTS
What’s coming in Java?
20
Feature releases still every 6 months
LTS releases every two years:
Java 17 (2021)
Java 21 (expected 2023)
Java 25 (expected 2025)
…
”Typical” 8 year product cycle now spans 4 to 5 major
Java releases
 Products should plan to upgrade Java LTS version
during their lifecycle

21. • Main download site (publicly accessible):
• https://ibm.biz/GetSemeru
• REST API available shortly
• DockerHub official images (Open Edition only):
• https://hub.docker.com/_/ibm-semeru-runtimes
• IBM Container Registry:
• icr.io/appcafe/ibm-semeru-runtimes:open-{8/11/17}-{jdk/jre}-{ubi/ubi-
minimal}
• Red Hat Registry:
• https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/search?q=semeru
• AWSOM paperwork pre-filed for you
Semeru Runtimes: How to get it
21

22. Support, installation, fix lists, CVE lists, release notes
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/semeru-runtimes-getting-started
Semeru Runtimes Certified Edition on z/OS:
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/java-sdk-products-zos
Opnej9 slack channel:
https://openj9.slack.com
Where to get information and help?
22

23. Save Java licensing costs with OpenJDK and IBM Runtimes for Business
23
IBM Runtimes for Business
• PassportAdvantage product offering from IBM
• Entitles support for IBM Semeru Runtimes and EclipseTemurin LTS Java releases (8+)
• Both OpenJ9 and HotSpot JVMs supported
• Includes migration and optimisation expert consultation and workshops
• Includes IBM’s Application Performance Monitoring (APM) Advanced bundle for resource level monitoring and
managing of Java SE workloads
• Pay only for the environments where defect support is needed
• Quarterly security and bug fix updates remain free!
• Choice of Perpetual andTerm licenses supporting server and desktop environments
• Enabled for inclusion in Enterprise LicenseAgreement (ELA) and Embedded SolutionAgreement (ESA)
• Backed by IBM's world class support organization with 20+ years experience supportingJava in the
enterprise

24. Wrap Up
Semeru Runtimes is new IBM Java brand
• Open, Certified editions for product and public use at no cost
• Primarily for Java 11, 17, and on
Semeru Runtimes competitive advantage is your advantage!
• 50% faster startup
• Consumes half the memory
• Container awareness for best cloud performance
• Unique innovations like JIT server and Instant On!
LTS releases now every two years!
• Plan to replace Java version during product lifecycles
• Track feature release content so you know what’s coming
IBM Runtimes for Business
• Economical Java support outside of product use
24

25. Backup

26. Support lifecycles
Version
Release
Type
Editions GA
End of
Support
Java 8 LTS Open August 2021 May 2026
Java 11 LTS Open, Certified August 2021 Oct 2024
Java 17 LTS Open, (soon) Certified December 2021 TBD
Java 18 Feature * Open March 2022 ** October 2022 **
Java 19 Feature * Open September 2022 ** April 2023 **
Java 20 Feature * Open March 2023 ** October 2023 **
Java 21 LTS * Open, Certified ** September 2023 ** TBD
* Feature releases not recommended for product use
** Expected release and support dates based on current community release model
TBD isTo Be Decided