1. SOIL BIOTECHNOLOGY/ SBT SYSTEM
All India Distillery Association, 26-27th February, 2011
Dr. Avinash M Kadam (Ph.D, IIT Bombay)
Managing Director
SUGAM PARYAVARAN VIKALP PVT LTD
www.sugam.in
2. What we do?
A. Market & implement IIT Bombay patented technology
“Soil Biofilter Technology” i.e. SBT
B. Apply SBT for
a. Sewage Treatment & Recycling
b. Effluent Treatment & Recycling
c. Grey Water Recycling
d. Water Treatment & Recycling
www.sugam.in
3. What is SBT?
Developed by IIT Bombay during 1988 – 2001
Technology patented in USA and India
Evergreen biological purification engine
Process uses formulated media, culture & additive to achieve
desired water quality
www.sugam.in
4. Technology Credentials
1. Indigenously developed by IIT Bombay
2. Covered under US & Indian Patent
3. “Best innovation” award by Siemens –Water
4. “One of the four best innovations” – Ministry of
External Affairs, GOI
5. Listed by Ministry of Defense for wastewater recycling
6. Already in the domain of MCGM, KDMC etc.
6. Carbon cycle
CO2 in the
Atmosphere
6 750 45+45
110
Photosynthesis 40-60 Respiration
(1-10 y)
90
Plants Animals CO2 4,000
500 100-150 Live 1-5
(50 y) (2 y) Dead carbon
750
(0.2y)
Dead Organics in
Soil (1 y)
50 - 65
50 18
Fossil Dead Organics Holdups 1015g per yr
Fuels Reserve in Soil Fluxes 1015g per yr
4,000 1,576
(300 y)
Global Carbon Cycle (Meilli, 1995)
7. ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN
DIFFERENT HABITATS
1. Water 500 kJ/g live C. yr
2. Land 3 kJ/g live C.
yr
8. SCHEMATIC OF WATER RENOVATION
Recycle (vr ) Feed (vf )
Reactor
C1
Discharge (vf )
C2
10. What is SBT System?
Media
Culture Media
e
Cultur
Soil
SBT
Biotechnology
e
Additiv
Plantation Additives
tion
Planta
11. USP
It provides primary, secondary and tertiary treatment all in one
unit; in a single evergreen facility open to atmosphere.
It is very simple to operate, maintain.
It does not require skilled man-power.
It is cost competitive particular with reference to O&M cost.
No pre-treatment
No chemical usage
Absence of any moving part
Odour-free
Low energy requirement and
Green environment are its unique features.
12. What we can process?
1.Raw Water slurry
2. Air scrubbing
3. Leachates of solids
4. Waste water
- Distillery spent leese/condensate treatment
- Sugar Effluent
- Ammoniacal-N containing Fertilizer Effluent
- VOCs
- Textile waste water
- Dairy wastewater
- Printing spent ink wash effluent Treatment
- Industrial dye effluent treatment
- Coffee Effluent treatment
28. VARIOUS TECHNOLOGICAL OPTION
- CONVENTIONAL AEROBIC TREATMENT
- CONVENTIONAL ANAEROBIC TREATMENT
- CONVENTIONAL AEROBIC TREATMENT FOLLOWED BY
MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES
- CONVENTIONAL ANAEROBIC TREATMENT FOLLOWED BY
MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES
- MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES ( RO – MBR) ALONE
29. An Exercise with Distillery Process
Condensate recycling
• Location : Rajarambapu Patil SSK Ltd
Walva, Islampur,
Dist.Sangli, MS, INDIA
• Sugarcane Crushing : 12000 TCD/day
• Distillery production : 100 cum/d
• Electricity export to grid: 7 MW/day
30. Plant summary
Item Specification
Capacity. 25 KL/day
Area Existing Tank (100 sqm)
Duration of Operation. 12 hours per day
Rate of Sewage Input. 2.5 cum /hour
Output water 24 kL
Cooling make up and
Output Water Quality
fermentation make up
31. Schematic of the process
pH Ozonation
Raw adjustment
Tank (10 ppm)
with lime
Settling
(0.5 hr)
Bioreactor
Recycling
Discharge/
Recycle
35. Output water Quality
COD (mg/L) pH
Sr No
Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet
1 1750 27
2 1350 34
3 1450 30 3.0-4.5 7.2-8.0
4 2400 40
5 1800 32
36. Result means…….
Water Scenario at RBSSK:
• Water for Dilution with Molasses : 1000 cum/d
• Water for condensing, cooling,
and blow down : 460 cum/d
• D.M. water requirement for dilution
in New Plant : 190 cum/d
• Soft water requirement for Vacuum
pump, Alcohol scrubber and F.O.
Decanter : 190 cum/d
• D.M. water requirement for dilution
in ENA plant : 120 cum/d
TOTAL: 1960 cum/d
37. Result means…….
Water for recycling: >720 cum/d (out of 750 cum/d)
SBT Output water
Disinfection
Softener
Water for
Dilution in Water for
Fermentor cooling
38. Dr. Avinash M. Kadam Mr. Kiran Kotian
Ph.D (Chem Engg., IIT Bombay) (Head Projects)
sugamparyavaran@gmail.com Email: kiran@sugam.in
Phone: +91 9769838718 Phone: +91 9833663346
+91 9833663346
www.sugam.in
39. We do ……………..
• Design and Turnkey execution of SBT and SBT plants for
STP and ETP applications
• Retrofit of pre-existing STP/ETPs with SBT systems
• Design of zero discharge air scrubbers for removal of waste
noxious gases (Sulphur, NOx and organic pollutants from
Industrial processes).
• Design Consultancy for Water and Waste Streams Auditing,
targeting Zero Discharge Norms
• Energy Auditing and Pinch analysis of heat sources to
reduce energy consumption.
• Distillery Process Condensate Treatment
• Printing spent ink wash effluent Treatment
• Industrial dye effluent treatment
• Coffee Effluent treatment
www.sugam.in
41. Components of CSF Media
Influent Waste
Water
Media: Respiration Plantation:
Photosynthesis
(CH2ONxPySzKy)n+nO2+nH2O =
nCO2+2n H2O+ Mineral + Energy nCO2+ 2n H2O+ (N,P,S,K) +
NH4+NO2 = N2+H2O Sunlight= [CH2ONxPySzKy]n+
4C3H7O2NS + 8H20 = 4CH3COOH + nO2+ H2O
4CO2 + 4NH3
3CH3COOH + CO2 = 4CH4 + 3CO2 +
2H2O
Constructed Soil Filter
N2+H2O = (CSF) Media Natural
Formulation O2
NH3+O2
Additives: Weathering Microorganisms
(Task Force)
CO2 + H2O = HCO3 - + H+ +
Geophagus worm
Primary mineral + CO2 + H2O = M+n + (Controls ecology)
nHCO3 -+ Soil/clay/sand
Clear Effluent
42. Why Weathered Environment ?
Microbial Diversity (Curtis & Sloan, Science 309, 2005)
Soil : 1012-1016 cells/g soil; 105-106 genera Oceans: 160 per mL;
Water : 103 genera Soil: 6400-38000 per g;
Sewage: 70 per mL
Energetic (ca.)
Land : 3.2 kJ/g.live C.yr
Water : 700 kJ/g.live C.yr
Oxygen diffusion coefficient (Perry’s Handbook, 1999)
Soil : 10-5 m2s-1
Water : 10-9 m2s-1
Solubility of Oxygen in water is very low (0.3 millimol/L at 20 0C)
Immobilization of pollutant; hence high reaction rates Vs local pollution becomes global;
low reaction rates due to dilution
Heterogenous system; housing multiple microenvironment viz. oxic, anoxic and
anaerobic within same niche Vs only one within the same niche..
43. PERFORMANCE VARIATION OF SBT PLANT :
20 20
18 COD SS DO BOD Ammonical-N pH 18
16 16
14 14
12 12
pH
mg/l
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
0 0
June July August September October November December
www.sugam.in
45. Media & Culture
• Underdrain:- Stone rubble of various sizes ranging upto Gravel (200.0-2.0
mm), Very coarse sand (1.0-2.0 mm), Coarse sand (0.5-1.0 mm), Medium
sand (0.25-0.5 mm), Fine sand (0.1-0.25 mm)
• Media:- Formulated from soil as required and primary minerals of suitable
particle size and composition
• Culture:- Geophagus (Soil living) worm Pheretima elongata and bacterial
culture from natural sources containing bacteria capable of processing
cellulose, lignin, starch, protein, also nitrifying and denitrifying organisms.
Anaerobic organisms for methanogenesis. For industrial wastes,
development of appropriate culture required
• Additives:- Formulated from natural materials of suitable particle size and
composition to provide sites for respiration, CO2 capture
• Bioindicators:- Green plants particularly with tap root system