For Assignment Purpose

1. By
R. Subha Priya
19ued020
II- B.Ed Mathematics and English

2. Introduction:
 The air ,soil, water , trees , lakes, rivers, sky and the
various system exiting in the nature is called as
Environment. Environment is the constituent of both
biotic and abiotic substances.

3. Biodiversity:
 Bios means life and diversities means variety refers to
wide variety of life on earth to all plants and animals and
micro organisms which exist on beautiful planet.
Biodiversity include different
 Types of animals, plants ,fish, insects and other species
 Ways in which species interact with their environment
 Types of places where species live together
 Characteristics within a species

5. India as a Mega – Diversity Nation:
 India’s rich biological diversity – its immense range of
ecosystems, species and genetic forms is by virtue of its
tropical location, climate and physical features.
 India’s three major biogeographical realms, namely –
Eurasian, Agro-Tropical and Indo-Malayan.
 India has been described as one of 12 mega-diversity
countries.

6.  India’s fabulous biodiversity is estimated to be over 45,000 plant species of flora;
 animal life represents 6.5 per cent of world’s fauna.
 15,000 species of flowering plants
 53,430 species of insects
 5050 species of molluscs
 6,500 species of other invertebrates
 2,546 species of fishes
 1228 species of birds
 446 species of reptiles
 372 species of mammals
 204 species of amphibians have been identified.

9.  33 cent of this forest cover represents primary forest.
 Indian flora comprises about 15,000 flowering plants and bulk of our
rich flora is to be found in the Northeast, Western Ghats, the Northwest
and Eastern Himalayas, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
 Assam and the Western Ghats are home to several species of mammal
fauna, birds, and reptilian and amphibian fauna.
 As one of the oldest and largest agriculture societies, India has 166
species of crop plants and 320 species of wild relatives of cultivated
crops.

10. India’s world heritage sites:
 To preserve our rich biodiversity, nine biosphere reserves are set up in
specific biogeographic” zones:
 Nilgiris covering Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
 Nanda Devi in Uttar khand .
 the Nokrek in Meghalaya
 the Sunderban’s in the Gangetic plain in West Bengal,
 Great Nicobar and the Gulf of Mannar in Tamil Nadu.

11. Conclusion:
 All these views say that India is a mega diversity nation. We have a
lot of endogenous species of flora and fauna in all ecosystems.
 India’s mega diversity, cultural diversity, different religions,
languages, traditions and festivals, Ayurveda, They are part of
traditional biodiversity.
 Many crops like rice ,sugarcane, mango, jute, citrus, banana arose in
India and a large proportion of the Indian biodiversity is still
unexplored.
Reference:
http://www.preservearticles.com/short-essay-on-india-as-mega-
diversity-nation/18411