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Being an Open Scholar
in a Connected World
Stian Håklev (CC BY)
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
April 25, 2017
“Gold” (journal) and “green” (self-archiving)
versions of traditionally authored and peer-
reviewed journal articles
OA makes articles more accessible,
even for those who already have access
Giving the broader public
access to our research
Are the public really interested in
access? A few examples...
Wikipedia is a great academic resource
- as a starting point for further research
22,000+ students are accessing OA
articles as part of their course
13
a story enabled by openness
14
15
16
17
18
Openness enables surprising reuse of your data
Requires:
-legal license (Creative Commons, etc)
-access to the data
-re-usable data format
New models:
- The function of journals
- The function of peer review
- The time line/sequence
- Quality measurements
~22.000 papers
published in 2016
Alt-metrics
• cited in non-SSCI journals
• cited in monographs
• cited in curricula
• translated
• …
• per-paper citation index vs Impact Factor
“What would a student grading system look like, if it was never
revealed to anyone outside school, but only used to provide helpful
feedback to students?”



“What would an academic publishing system look like, if hiring/
tenure/promotion/grants did not rely on it, and its only purpose was
to get relevant and useful information to other scientists as
efficiently as possible?”
Epistemological questions
How important is speed vs.
correctness
Sharing work in progress vs only
publishing “perfected final
version”
Reviewers or social media as
filters
Where is the Open Streetmap for Google Scholar?
Demo of social sharing of research notes
Demo of social sharing of research notes
Text mining
Text mining
Content mining
Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
What if we didn’t have to reverse-
engineer PDFs,
but we changed the way we published
papers in the first place?
Adding meaning to articles, enabling
knowledge to be mapped out
http://www.sparontologies.net/ontologies/cito/source.html#objectproperties
Replication crisis
• Outright errors in calculations/data
handling
• Abuse of p-values (large data sets)
• P-fishing
• Poorly described experiment
• Overly generalised conclusion
• Significant result bias (not publishing
negative findings)
https://osf.io/s5pwv/
• What would this look like for other
research methodologies/approaches
(qualitative, critical…)
“The Open Scholar, as I'm defining this person, is
not simply someone who agrees to allow free
access and reuse of his or her traditional scholarly
articles and books; no, the Open Scholar is
someone who makes their intellectual projects
and processes digitally visible and who invites
and encourages ongoing criticism of their work
and secondary uses of any or all parts of it--at any
stage of its development.”
Gideon Burton, www.academicevolution.org
Ryan Muller, http://learnstream.org/wiki
Niklas Karlsson, http://kollaboration.se/wiki
After publication
MA thesis
Many things we haven’t talked about:
• better social networks for researchers
• sharing tools (code)
• better aligned incentive systems for researchers
• sharing analytic frameworks, coding schemes…
• more open research collaborations
• considerations about privacy and data sharing
• updated approach to research ethics / IRBs
• citizen science
• new venues for conducting research (MOOCs, social

networks)
• integrating research and teaching in new ways
• In a time of unprecedented opportunity, due to
technology and connectivity, and a huge growth in the
number of people able to participate in the scientific
process,
• but at the same time an increasing commercialisation
and closing down of public spaces, and distrust and
abuse of science for political purposes,
• it is incumbent upon us to work towards a better and
more transparent, open and networked scientific
process,
• without forgetting our disciplinary perspectives, ethical,
philosophical and methodological commitments, to
experiment with new ways of being scholars and
communities of scholars.
Thank you! Stian Håklev, stian.haklev@epfl.ch

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Being an Open Scholar in a Connected World

  • 1. Being an Open Scholar in a Connected World Stian Håklev (CC BY) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne April 25, 2017
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  • 6. “Gold” (journal) and “green” (self-archiving) versions of traditionally authored and peer- reviewed journal articles
  • 7. OA makes articles more accessible, even for those who already have access
  • 8. Giving the broader public access to our research
  • 9. Are the public really interested in access? A few examples...
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  • 11. Wikipedia is a great academic resource - as a starting point for further research
  • 12. 22,000+ students are accessing OA articles as part of their course
  • 13. 13 a story enabled by openness
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  • 23. Openness enables surprising reuse of your data Requires: -legal license (Creative Commons, etc) -access to the data -re-usable data format
  • 24. New models: - The function of journals - The function of peer review - The time line/sequence - Quality measurements
  • 26. Alt-metrics • cited in non-SSCI journals • cited in monographs • cited in curricula • translated • … • per-paper citation index vs Impact Factor
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  • 30. “What would a student grading system look like, if it was never revealed to anyone outside school, but only used to provide helpful feedback to students?”
 
 “What would an academic publishing system look like, if hiring/ tenure/promotion/grants did not rely on it, and its only purpose was to get relevant and useful information to other scientists as efficiently as possible?”
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  • 35. Epistemological questions How important is speed vs. correctness Sharing work in progress vs only publishing “perfected final version” Reviewers or social media as filters
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  • 39. Where is the Open Streetmap for Google Scholar?
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  • 41. Demo of social sharing of research notes
  • 42. Demo of social sharing of research notes
  • 45. Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
  • 46. Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
  • 47. Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
  • 48. Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
  • 49. Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
  • 50. Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
  • 51. Slides courtesy of Peter Murray-Rust
  • 52. What if we didn’t have to reverse- engineer PDFs, but we changed the way we published papers in the first place?
  • 53. Adding meaning to articles, enabling knowledge to be mapped out
  • 55. Replication crisis • Outright errors in calculations/data handling • Abuse of p-values (large data sets) • P-fishing • Poorly described experiment • Overly generalised conclusion • Significant result bias (not publishing negative findings)
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  • 63. • What would this look like for other research methodologies/approaches (qualitative, critical…)
  • 64. “The Open Scholar, as I'm defining this person, is not simply someone who agrees to allow free access and reuse of his or her traditional scholarly articles and books; no, the Open Scholar is someone who makes their intellectual projects and processes digitally visible and who invites and encourages ongoing criticism of their work and secondary uses of any or all parts of it--at any stage of its development.” Gideon Burton, www.academicevolution.org
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  • 98. Many things we haven’t talked about: • better social networks for researchers • sharing tools (code) • better aligned incentive systems for researchers • sharing analytic frameworks, coding schemes… • more open research collaborations • considerations about privacy and data sharing • updated approach to research ethics / IRBs • citizen science • new venues for conducting research (MOOCs, social
 networks) • integrating research and teaching in new ways
  • 99. • In a time of unprecedented opportunity, due to technology and connectivity, and a huge growth in the number of people able to participate in the scientific process, • but at the same time an increasing commercialisation and closing down of public spaces, and distrust and abuse of science for political purposes, • it is incumbent upon us to work towards a better and more transparent, open and networked scientific process, • without forgetting our disciplinary perspectives, ethical, philosophical and methodological commitments, to experiment with new ways of being scholars and communities of scholars. Thank you! Stian Håklev, stian.haklev@epfl.ch