3. Analysis and Synthesis
1. What are they anyway?
2. Why should we care?
3. What are core activities?
4. Do we have best practices?
5. Explain your best practices
6. Discussion
4. Analysis and Synthesis
1. What are they anyway?
Presentation
2. Why should we care?
15 - 20 min
3. What are core activities?
4. Do we have best practices? Workshop
5. Explain your best practices 50 - 60 min
6. Discussion remaining time
8. „The creative process […] relies on synthesis, the
collective act of putting the pieces together to
create whole ideas […] to sift through it all and
Tim Brown
identify meaningful patterns.“
9. „The creative process […] relies on synthesis, the
collective act of putting the pieces together to
create whole ideas […] to sift through it all and
Tim Brown
identify meaningful patterns.“
Steve Baty
10. „The creative process […] relies on synthesis, the
collective act of putting the pieces together to
create whole ideas […] to sift through it all and
Tim Brown
identify meaningful patterns.“
„Analysis is that oft-glossed over, but extremely
important step in the research process that sits
between observation […] and our design
Steve Baty
insights or recommendations. In many respects,
analysis is crucial to realizing the value of our
research since good analysis can salvage something
from bad research, but the converse is not so true.“
11. „The creative process […] relies on synthesis, the
collective act of putting the pieces together to
create whole ideas […] to sift through it all and
Tim Brown
identify meaningful patterns.“
„Analysis is that oft-glossed over, but extremely
important step in the research process that sits
between observation […] and our design
Steve Baty
insights or recommendations. In many respects,
analysis is crucial to realizing the value of our
research since good analysis can salvage something
from bad research, but the converse is not so true.“
Jon Kolko
12. „The creative process […] relies on synthesis, the
collective act of putting the pieces together to
create whole ideas […] to sift through it all and
Tim Brown
identify meaningful patterns.“
„Analysis is that oft-glossed over, but extremely
important step in the research process that sits
between observation […] and our design
Steve Baty
insights or recommendations. In many respects,
analysis is crucial to realizing the value of our
research since good analysis can salvage something
from bad research, but the converse is not so true.“
„Design synthesis is an abductive sensemaking
process of manipulating, organizing, pruning
and filtering data in an effort to produce
Jon Kolko information and knowledge.“
13. Input Output
Raw Data Knowledge
Design Problem Design Solution
14. Input Output
Raw Data Knowledge
Design Problem Design Solution
Katie M. Scott
15. Input Output
Raw Data Knowledge
Design Problem Design Solution
„[…] design synthesis is treated like the magical step
that happens between structured research protocols
and organized design iterations.“
Katie M. Scott
16. Input Output
Raw Data Synthesis Knowledge
Design Problem Design Solution
„[…] design synthesis is treated like the magical step
that happens between structured research protocols
and organized design iterations.“
Katie M. Scott
19. • more invisible artifacts
explicit visualization
• more people involved
different audiences, traceability, credibility
• more complex problems
responsibility, transparency
• more speed
iteration, integration
20.
21. • more invisible artifacts
explicit visualization
• more people involved
different audiences, traceability, credibility
• more complex problems
responsibility, transparency
• more speed
iteration, integration
22.
23. • more invisible artifacts
explicit visualization
• more people involved
different audiences, traceability, credibility
• more complex problems
responsibility, transparency
• more speed
iteration, integration
24.
25. • more invisible artifacts
explicit visualization
• more people involved
different audiences, traceability, credibility
• more complex problems
responsibility, transparency
• more speed
iteration, integration
27. Deconstruction
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed
do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco
laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure
dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu
fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non
proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est
laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing
elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore
magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud
exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo
consequat. proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim
id est laborum. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud
Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipisicing
elit, sed do eiusmod
Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum tempor incididunt ut
dolor sit amet, dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipisicing consectetur adipisicing
elit, sed do eiusmod elit, sed do eiusmod
tempor incididunt ut tempor incididunt ut
Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, dolor sit amet, dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipisicing consectetur adipisicing consectetur adipisicing
elit, sed do eiusmod elit, sed do eiusmod elit, sed do eiusmod
tempor incididunt ut tempor incididunt ut tempor incididunt ut
Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet,
Lorem ipsum
consectetur adipisicing
dolor sit amet,
elit, sed do eiusmod
consectetur adipisicing
tempor incididunt ut
elit, sed do eiusmod
tempor incididunt ut
28. Pruning
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud
exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est
laborum. laborum. laborum. laborum.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud
exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est
laborum. laborum. laborum. laborum.
29. Organization
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore
et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad
minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit
qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est
laborum. laborum. laborum. laborum.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad
consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do
minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore
qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est
et doloreLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
magna aliqua. Ut enim ad eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et doloreLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
magna aliqua. Ut enim ad
laborum. qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit sed do et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit sed do
consectetur adipisicing elit,
consectetur adipisicing elit, laborum.
qui officia deserunt mollit anim id estut labore minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id estut labore
eiusmod tempor incididunt
eiusmod tempor incididunt Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
laborum.et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad
consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do
minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit laborum. minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore
qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est
et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad
laborum. laborum.
minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit
qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est
laborum.
30. Abstraction
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et
dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim
veniam, quis nostrud exvelit qui officia
deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis
nostrud exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit
anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor
sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed
do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore
et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad
minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit qui
officia deserunt mollit anim id est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis
dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim nostrud exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit
veniam, quis nostrud exvelit qui officia anim id est laborum.
deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis
nostrud exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit
anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor
sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed
do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore
et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad
minim veniam, quis nostrud exvelit qui
officia deserunt mollit anim id est
laborum.
31. Summarization
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud
exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est
laborum.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud
exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est
laborum. laborum.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud
exvelit qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est
laborum.
42. input methods, activities, tools output
observation method:
field notes x/y analysis
interview activities:
statements deconstructing field notes
and statements on post-
its, sorting them for each
participant and re-
arranging them for
pattern recognition.
tools:
post-its
43. input methods, activities, tools output
observation method: a contextual
field notes x/y analysis model of
mobile
interview activities: gaming
statements deconstructing field notes
and statements on post-
its, sorting them for each
participant and re-
arranging them for
pattern recognition.
tools:
post-its
44. Workshop
• 2 - 3 persons per group
• 20 - 30 minutes
• visualize your analysis and synthesis process
• consider different points of view
(researcher, designer, client …)
45. Questions
• What is typical input and • What has worked well
output of your synthesis in your experience, what
process? has not?
• What activities and tools • Is there a way to „store“
are used during elements or results of
synthesis? the synthesis process so
that they can be re-used
• Who is involved before, for similar projects?
during and after the
synthesis process? • …
52. Uncertainty and
unanswered questions
prevail.
„As a discipline we formalized the research and to some
extent the design part, but synthesis somehow still
seems like a no-mans land.“
Katie M. Scott