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Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality

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StanfordComputationalImaging

This document discusses gaze-contingent ocular parallax rendering for virtual reality. It describes how ocular parallax, which provides depth cues through subtle differences in images seen by each eye as gaze position changes, can be simulated through a thick lens eye model and rendering different images to each eye based on estimated focal points and gaze position. It notes several prior works that have incorporated ocular parallax as a depth cue for virtual reality and augmented reality applications.

Tecnologia
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Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality Robert Konrad, Anastasios Angelopoulos, Gordon Wetzstein
Ocular Parallax
Pictorial Depth Cues Non-pictorial Depth Cues Shading Occlusion Perspective Texturing Motion Parallax Disparity Retinal Blur Ocular Parallax
Pictorial Depth Cues Non-pictorial Depth Cues Shading Occlusion Perspective Texturing Motion Parallax Disparity Retinal Blur Ocular Parallax
Pictorial Depth Cues Non-pictorial Depth Cues Shading Occlusion Perspective Texturing Motion Parallax Disparity Retinal Blur Ocular Parallax Hua et al., Opt. Express 2014 Matsuda et al., SIGGRAPH 2017 Lanman et al., SIGGRAPH Asia 2013 Padmanaban et al., PNAS 2017 Koulieris et al., SIGGRAPH 2017 Maimone et al., SIGGRAPH 2017
Pictorial Depth Cues Non-pictorial Depth Cues Shading Occlusion Perspective Texturing Motion Parallax Disparity Retinal Blur Ocular Parallax
Eye Model
Thick Lens Eye Model
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focal pointsF, F 0 <latexit sha1_base64="ViqdQsjvOu19QTho3F6XghDEXv0=">AAAB73icbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA9SNgVQU8SEILHCOYByRpmJ7PJkNnZdaZXCEt+wosHRbz6O978GyePgyYWNBRV3XR3BYkUBl3321laXlldW89t5De3tnd2C3v7dROnmvEai2WsmwE1XArFayhQ8maiOY0CyRvB4GbsN564NiJW9zhMuB/RnhKhYBSt1KyckcpDdjLqFIpuyZ2ALBJvRoowQ7VT+Gp3Y5ZGXCGT1JiW5yboZ1SjYJKP8u3U8ISyAe3xlqWKRtz42eTeETm2SpeEsbalkEzU3xMZjYwZRoHtjCj2zbw3Fv/zWimGV34mVJIiV2y6KEwlwZiMnyddoTlDObSEMi3srYT1qaYMbUR5G4I3//IiqZ+XPLfk3V0Uy9ezOHJwCEdwCh5cQhluoQo1YCDhGV7hzXl0Xpx352PauuTMZg7gD5zPH8F8jxs=</latexit><latexit 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Thick Lens Eye Model N<latexit sha1_base64="xC4WQGpW4aYStRlrheUI+mglWFM=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lE0JMUvHiSFuwHtKFstpN27WYTdjdCCf0FXjwo4tWf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpAIro3rfjuFtfWNza3idmlnd2//oHx41NJxqhg2WSxi1QmoRsElNg03AjuJQhoFAtvB+Hbmt59QaR7LBzNJ0I/oUPKQM2qs1Ljvlytu1Z2DrBIvJxXIUe+Xv3qDmKURSsME1brruYnxM6oMZwKnpV6qMaFsTIfYtVTSCLWfzQ+dkjOrDEgYK1vSkLn6eyKjkdaTKLCdETUjvezNxP+8bmrCaz/jMkkNSrZYFKaCmJjMviYDrpAZMbGEMsXtrYSNqKLM2GxKNgRv+eVV0rqoem7Va1xWajd5HEU4gVM4Bw+uoAZ3UIcmMEB4hld4cx6dF+fd+Vi0Fpx85hj+wPn8AaVdjM4=</latexit><latexit 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Thick Lens Eye Model C<latexit sha1_base64="2fSk2+SINBePMeF96QdrqgCKgZU=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lE0JMUevHYgv2ANpTNdtKu3WzC7kYoob/AiwdFvPqTvPlv3LY5aOuDgcd7M8zMCxLBtXHdb6ewsbm1vVPcLe3tHxwelY9P2jpOFcMWi0WsugHVKLjEluFGYDdRSKNAYCeY1Od+5wmV5rF8MNME/YiOJA85o8ZKzfqgXHGr7gJknXg5qUCOxqD81R/GLI1QGiao1j3PTYyfUWU4Ezgr9VONCWUTOsKepZJGqP1sceiMXFhlSMJY2ZKGLNTfExmNtJ5Gge2MqBnrVW8u/uf1UhPe+hmXSWpQsuWiMBXExGT+NRlyhcyIqSWUKW5vJWxMFWXGZlOyIXirL6+T9lXVc6te87pSu8vjKMIZnMMleHADNbiHBrSAAcIzvMKb8+i8OO/Ox7K14OQzp/AHzucPlLGMww==</latexit><latexit 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Micro Parallax Gaze-Contingent Occlusion
Visual Acuity Falls off in the Periphery Fovea Periphery With Motion
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Is ocular parallax visible in VR? 20/100 20/200 20/70 20/50 20/40 20/30 20/25 20/20
Is ocular parallax visible in VR? Does ocular parallax aid in? depth perception? 20/100 20/200 20/70 20/50 20/40 20/30 20/25 20/20
Is ocular parallax visible in VR? Does ocular parallax aid in? depth perception? Does ocular parallax increase perceptual realism? 20/100 20/200 20/70 20/50 20/40 20/30 20/25 20/20
Conventional Rendering
Ocular Parallax Rendering
Ocular Parallax Rendering Eye tracking required
Ocular Parallax Rendering Eye tracking required
Ocular Parallax Rendering Eye tracking required Standard Graphics Pipeline v0 = PVMv<latexit sha1_base64="G+LTPnxuJNfMe8ilnqLvrq+A0j4=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVUlE0I1ScONGqGAf0MQymU7aoTOTMDMplBBw46+4caGIW3/CnX/jNM1CWw9cOJxzL/feE8SMKu0431ZpaXllda28XtnY3NresXf3WipKJCZNHLFIdgKkCKOCNDXVjHRiSRAPGGkHo+up3x4TqWgk7vUkJj5HA0FDipE2Us8+8IIwHT+kXiwpJxnMLhut21zLenbVqTk54CJxC1IFBRo9+8vrRzjhRGjMkFJd14m1nyKpKWYkq3iJIjHCIzQgXUMF4kT5af5DBo+N0odhJE0JDXP190SKuFITHphOjvRQzXtT8T+vm+jwwk+piBNNBJ4tChMGdQSngcA+lQRrNjEEYUnNrRAPkURYm9gqJgR3/uVF0jqtuU7NvTur1q+KOMrgEByBE+CCc1AHN6ABmgCDR/AMXsGb9WS9WO/Wx6y1ZBUz++APrM8fVLWX7g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="G+LTPnxuJNfMe8ilnqLvrq+A0j4=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVUlE0I1ScONGqGAf0MQymU7aoTOTMDMplBBw46+4caGIW3/CnX/jNM1CWw9cOJxzL/feE8SMKu0431ZpaXllda28XtnY3NresXf3WipKJCZNHLFIdgKkCKOCNDXVjHRiSRAPGGkHo+up3x4TqWgk7vUkJj5HA0FDipE2Us8+8IIwHT+kXiwpJxnMLhut21zLenbVqTk54CJxC1IFBRo9+8vrRzjhRGjMkFJd14m1nyKpKWYkq3iJIjHCIzQgXUMF4kT5af5DBo+N0odhJE0JDXP190SKuFITHphOjvRQzXtT8T+vm+jwwk+piBNNBJ4tChMGdQSngcA+lQRrNjEEYUnNrRAPkURYm9gqJgR3/uVF0jqtuU7NvTur1q+KOMrgEByBE+CCc1AHN6ABmgCDR/AMXsGb9WS9WO/Wx6y1ZBUz++APrM8fVLWX7g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="G+LTPnxuJNfMe8ilnqLvrq+A0j4=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVUlE0I1ScONGqGAf0MQymU7aoTOTMDMplBBw46+4caGIW3/CnX/jNM1CWw9cOJxzL/feE8SMKu0431ZpaXllda28XtnY3NresXf3WipKJCZNHLFIdgKkCKOCNDXVjHRiSRAPGGkHo+up3x4TqWgk7vUkJj5HA0FDipE2Us8+8IIwHT+kXiwpJxnMLhut21zLenbVqTk54CJxC1IFBRo9+8vrRzjhRGjMkFJd14m1nyKpKWYkq3iJIjHCIzQgXUMF4kT5af5DBo+N0odhJE0JDXP190SKuFITHphOjvRQzXtT8T+vm+jwwk+piBNNBJ4tChMGdQSngcA+lQRrNjEEYUnNrRAPkURYm9gqJgR3/uVF0jqtuU7NvTur1q+KOMrgEByBE+CCc1AHN6ABmgCDR/AMXsGb9WS9WO/Wx6y1ZBUz++APrM8fVLWX7g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="G+LTPnxuJNfMe8ilnqLvrq+A0j4=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVUlE0I1ScONGqGAf0MQymU7aoTOTMDMplBBw46+4caGIW3/CnX/jNM1CWw9cOJxzL/feE8SMKu0431ZpaXllda28XtnY3NresXf3WipKJCZNHLFIdgKkCKOCNDXVjHRiSRAPGGkHo+up3x4TqWgk7vUkJj5HA0FDipE2Us8+8IIwHT+kXiwpJxnMLhut21zLenbVqTk54CJxC1IFBRo9+8vrRzjhRGjMkFJd14m1nyKpKWYkq3iJIjHCIzQgXUMF4kT5af5DBo+N0odhJE0JDXP190SKuFITHphOjvRQzXtT8T+vm+jwwk+piBNNBJ4tChMGdQSngcA+lQRrNjEEYUnNrRAPkURYm9gqJgR3/uVF0jqtuU7NvTur1q+KOMrgEByBE+CCc1AHN6ABmgCDR/AMXsGb9WS9WO/Wx6y1ZBUz++APrM8fVLWX7g==</latexit>
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality
Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality

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Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality

  • 1. Gaze-Contingent Ocular Parallax Rendering for Virtual Reality Robert Konrad, Anastasios Angelopoulos, Gordon Wetzstein
  • 2.
  • 4. Pictorial Depth Cues Non-pictorial Depth Cues Shading Occlusion Perspective Texturing Motion Parallax Disparity Retinal Blur Ocular Parallax
  • 5. Pictorial Depth Cues Non-pictorial Depth Cues Shading Occlusion Perspective Texturing Motion Parallax Disparity Retinal Blur Ocular Parallax
  • 6. Pictorial Depth Cues Non-pictorial Depth Cues Shading Occlusion Perspective Texturing Motion Parallax Disparity Retinal Blur Ocular Parallax Hua et al., Opt. Express 2014 Matsuda et al., SIGGRAPH 2017 Lanman et al., SIGGRAPH Asia 2013 Padmanaban et al., PNAS 2017 Koulieris et al., SIGGRAPH 2017 Maimone et al., SIGGRAPH 2017
  • 7. Pictorial Depth Cues Non-pictorial Depth Cues Shading Occlusion Perspective Texturing Motion Parallax Disparity Retinal Blur Ocular Parallax
  • 10. 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sha1_base64="r7JDHSVi1a+aaoRJEtVdR3M4vT4=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lE0JMUBPHYgv2ANpTNdtKu3WzC7kYoob/AiwdFvPqTvPlv3LY5aOuDgcd7M8zMCxLBtXHdb6ewtr6xuVXcLu3s7u0flA+PWjpOFcMmi0WsOgHVKLjEpuFGYCdRSKNAYDsY38789hMqzWP5YCYJ+hEdSh5yRo2VGnf9csWtunOQVeLlpAI56v3yV28QszRCaZigWnc9NzF+RpXhTOC01Es1JpSN6RC7lkoaofaz+aFTcmaVAQljZUsaMld/T2Q00noSBbYzomakl72Z+J/XTU147WdcJqlByRaLwlQQE5PZ12TAFTIjJpZQpri9lbARVZQZm03JhuAtv7xKWhdVz616jctK7SaPowgncArn4MEV1OAe6tAEBgjP8ApvzqPz4rw7H4vWgpPPHMMfOJ8/mT2Mxg==</latexit><latexit 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sha1_base64="ViqdQsjvOu19QTho3F6XghDEXv0=">AAAB73icbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA9SNgVQU8SEILHCOYByRpmJ7PJkNnZdaZXCEt+wosHRbz6O978GyePgyYWNBRV3XR3BYkUBl3321laXlldW89t5De3tnd2C3v7dROnmvEai2WsmwE1XArFayhQ8maiOY0CyRvB4GbsN564NiJW9zhMuB/RnhKhYBSt1KyckcpDdjLqFIpuyZ2ALBJvRoowQ7VT+Gp3Y5ZGXCGT1JiW5yboZ1SjYJKP8u3U8ISyAe3xlqWKRtz42eTeETm2SpeEsbalkEzU3xMZjYwZRoHtjCj2zbw3Fv/zWimGV34mVJIiV2y6KEwlwZiMnyddoTlDObSEMi3srYT1qaYMbUR5G4I3//IiqZ+XPLfk3V0Uy9ezOHJwCEdwCh5cQhluoQo1YCDhGV7hzXl0Xpx352PauuTMZg7gD5zPH8F8jxs=</latexit><latexit 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  • 11. Thick Lens Eye Model P 0 <latexit sha1_base64="SaLU2TWs1tkf8ZgFATmX5esQwqo=">AAAB7HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXxSJ6KokIepKCF48VTFtoY9lsN+3SzSbsToQS+hu8eFDEqz/Im//GbZuDtj4YeLw3w8y8MJXCoOt+Oyura+sbm6Wt8vbO7t5+5eCwaZJMM+6zRCa6HVLDpVDcR4GSt1PNaRxK3gpHt1O/9cS1EYl6wHHKg5gOlIgEo2glv/GYn016lapbc2cgy8QrSBUKNHqVr24/YVnMFTJJjel4bopBTjUKJvmk3M0MTykb0QHvWKpozE2Qz46dkFOr9EmUaFsKyUz9PZHT2JhxHNrOmOLQLHpT8T+vk2F0HeRCpRlyxeaLokwSTMj0c9IXmjOUY0so08LeStiQasrQ5lO2IXiLLy+T5kXNc2ve/WW1flPEUYJjOIFz8OAK6nAHDfCBgYBneIU3RzkvzrvzMW9dcYqZI/gD5/MHgRmOdQ==</latexit><latexit 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focal pointsF, F 0 <latexit sha1_base64="ViqdQsjvOu19QTho3F6XghDEXv0=">AAAB73icbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA9SNgVQU8SEILHCOYByRpmJ7PJkNnZdaZXCEt+wosHRbz6O978GyePgyYWNBRV3XR3BYkUBl3321laXlldW89t5De3tnd2C3v7dROnmvEai2WsmwE1XArFayhQ8maiOY0CyRvB4GbsN564NiJW9zhMuB/RnhKhYBSt1KyckcpDdjLqFIpuyZ2ALBJvRoowQ7VT+Gp3Y5ZGXCGT1JiW5yboZ1SjYJKP8u3U8ISyAe3xlqWKRtz42eTeETm2SpeEsbalkEzU3xMZjYwZRoHtjCj2zbw3Fv/zWimGV34mVJIiV2y6KEwlwZiMnyddoTlDObSEMi3srYT1qaYMbUR5G4I3//IiqZ+XPLfk3V0Uy9ezOHJwCEdwCh5cQhluoQo1YCDhGV7hzXl0Xpx352PauuTMZg7gD5zPH8F8jxs=</latexit><latexit 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  • 12. 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  • 13. Thick Lens Eye Model N<latexit sha1_base64="xC4WQGpW4aYStRlrheUI+mglWFM=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lE0JMUvHiSFuwHtKFstpN27WYTdjdCCf0FXjwo4tWf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpAIro3rfjuFtfWNza3idmlnd2//oHx41NJxqhg2WSxi1QmoRsElNg03AjuJQhoFAtvB+Hbmt59QaR7LBzNJ0I/oUPKQM2qs1Ljvlytu1Z2DrBIvJxXIUe+Xv3qDmKURSsME1brruYnxM6oMZwKnpV6qMaFsTIfYtVTSCLWfzQ+dkjOrDEgYK1vSkLn6eyKjkdaTKLCdETUjvezNxP+8bmrCaz/jMkkNSrZYFKaCmJjMviYDrpAZMbGEMsXtrYSNqKLM2GxKNgRv+eVV0rqoem7Va1xWajd5HEU4gVM4Bw+uoAZ3UIcmMEB4hld4cx6dF+fd+Vi0Fpx85hj+wPn8AaVdjM4=</latexit><latexit 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sha1_base64="xC4WQGpW4aYStRlrheUI+mglWFM=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lE0JMUvHiSFuwHtKFstpN27WYTdjdCCf0FXjwo4tWf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpAIro3rfjuFtfWNza3idmlnd2//oHx41NJxqhg2WSxi1QmoRsElNg03AjuJQhoFAtvB+Hbmt59QaR7LBzNJ0I/oUPKQM2qs1Ljvlytu1Z2DrBIvJxXIUe+Xv3qDmKURSsME1brruYnxM6oMZwKnpV6qMaFsTIfYtVTSCLWfzQ+dkjOrDEgYK1vSkLn6eyKjkdaTKLCdETUjvezNxP+8bmrCaz/jMkkNSrZYFKaCmJjMviYDrpAZMbGEMsXtrYSNqKLM2GxKNgRv+eVV0rqoem7Va1xWajd5HEU4gVM4Bw+uoAZ3UIcmMEB4hld4cx6dF+fd+Vi0Fpx85hj+wPn8AaVdjM4=</latexit> N 0 <latexit 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sha1_base64="TTbh67/pSrJ7wwXueBp/Nb100P8=">AAAB7HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbRU0lE0JMUvHiSCqYttLFsttN26WYTdjdCCf0NXjwo4tUf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpgIro3rfjuFldW19Y3iZmlre2d3r7x/0NBxqhj6LBaxaoVUo+ASfcONwFaikEahwGY4upn6zSdUmsfywYwTDCI6kLzPGTVW8u8es9NJt1xxq+4MZJl4OalAjnq3/NXpxSyNUBomqNZtz01MkFFlOBM4KXVSjQllIzrAtqWSRqiDbHbshJxYpUf6sbIlDZmpvycyGmk9jkLbGVEz1IveVPzPa6emfxVkXCapQcnmi/qpICYm089JjytkRowtoUxxeythQ6ooMzafkg3BW3x5mTTOq55b9e4vKrXrPI4iHMExnIEHl1CDW6iDDww4PMMrvDnSeXHenY95a8HJZw7hD5zPH34JjnM=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="TTbh67/pSrJ7wwXueBp/Nb100P8=">AAAB7HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbRU0lE0JMUvHiSCqYttLFsttN26WYTdjdCCf0NXjwo4tUf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpgIro3rfjuFldW19Y3iZmlre2d3r7x/0NBxqhj6LBaxaoVUo+ASfcONwFaikEahwGY4upn6zSdUmsfywYwTDCI6kLzPGTVW8u8es9NJt1xxq+4MZJl4OalAjnq3/NXpxSyNUBomqNZtz01MkFFlOBM4KXVSjQllIzrAtqWSRqiDbHbshJxYpUf6sbIlDZmpvycyGmk9jkLbGVEz1IveVPzPa6emfxVkXCapQcnmi/qpICYm089JjytkRowtoUxxeythQ6ooMzafkg3BW3x5mTTOq55b9e4vKrXrPI4iHMExnIEHl1CDW6iDDww4PMMrvDnSeXHenY95a8HJZw7hD5zPH34JjnM=</latexit><latexit 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sha1_base64="icz1DT6aEf9qlPYRyHX6xBE0Oa4=">AAAB73icbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA9SNgVQU8S8OIpRDAPSNYwO5lNhszOrjO9QljyE148KOLV3/Hm3zh5HDSxoKGo6qa7K0ikMOi6387S8srq2npuI7+5tb2zW9jbr5s41YzXWCxj3Qyo4VIoXkOBkjcTzWkUSN4IBjdjv/HEtRGxusdhwv2I9pQIBaNopWbljFQespNRp1B0S+4EZJF4M1KEGaqdwle7G7M04gqZpMa0PDdBP6MaBZN8lG+nhieUDWiPtyxVNOLGzyb3jsixVbokjLUthWSi/p7IaGTMMApsZ0Sxb+a9sfif10oxvPIzoZIUuWLTRWEqCcZk/DzpCs0ZyqEllGlhbyWsTzVlaCPK2xC8+ZcXSf285Lkl7+6iWL6exZGDQziCU/DgEspwC1WoAQMJz/AKb86j8+K8Ox/T1iVnNnMAf+B8/gDaFI8r</latexit><latexit 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  • 14. Thick Lens Eye Model N<latexit sha1_base64="xC4WQGpW4aYStRlrheUI+mglWFM=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lE0JMUvHiSFuwHtKFstpN27WYTdjdCCf0FXjwo4tWf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpAIro3rfjuFtfWNza3idmlnd2//oHx41NJxqhg2WSxi1QmoRsElNg03AjuJQhoFAtvB+Hbmt59QaR7LBzNJ0I/oUPKQM2qs1Ljvlytu1Z2DrBIvJxXIUe+Xv3qDmKURSsME1brruYnxM6oMZwKnpV6qMaFsTIfYtVTSCLWfzQ+dkjOrDEgYK1vSkLn6eyKjkdaTKLCdETUjvezNxP+8bmrCaz/jMkkNSrZYFKaCmJjMviYDrpAZMbGEMsXtrYSNqKLM2GxKNgRv+eVV0rqoem7Va1xWajd5HEU4gVM4Bw+uoAZ3UIcmMEB4hld4cx6dF+fd+Vi0Fpx85hj+wPn8AaVdjM4=</latexit><latexit 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sha1_base64="TTbh67/pSrJ7wwXueBp/Nb100P8=">AAAB7HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbRU0lE0JMUvHiSCqYttLFsttN26WYTdjdCCf0NXjwo4tUf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpgIro3rfjuFldW19Y3iZmlre2d3r7x/0NBxqhj6LBaxaoVUo+ASfcONwFaikEahwGY4upn6zSdUmsfywYwTDCI6kLzPGTVW8u8es9NJt1xxq+4MZJl4OalAjnq3/NXpxSyNUBomqNZtz01MkFFlOBM4KXVSjQllIzrAtqWSRqiDbHbshJxYpUf6sbIlDZmpvycyGmk9jkLbGVEz1IveVPzPa6emfxVkXCapQcnmi/qpICYm089JjytkRowtoUxxeythQ6ooMzafkg3BW3x5mTTOq55b9e4vKrXrPI4iHMExnIEHl1CDW6iDDww4PMMrvDnSeXHenY95a8HJZw7hD5zPH34JjnM=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="TTbh67/pSrJ7wwXueBp/Nb100P8=">AAAB7HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbRU0lE0JMUvHiSCqYttLFsttN26WYTdjdCCf0NXjwo4tUf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpgIro3rfjuFldW19Y3iZmlre2d3r7x/0NBxqhj6LBaxaoVUo+ASfcONwFaikEahwGY4upn6zSdUmsfywYwTDCI6kLzPGTVW8u8es9NJt1xxq+4MZJl4OalAjnq3/NXpxSyNUBomqNZtz01MkFFlOBM4KXVSjQllIzrAtqWSRqiDbHbshJxYpUf6sbIlDZmpvycyGmk9jkLbGVEz1IveVPzPa6emfxVkXCapQcnmi/qpICYm089JjytkRowtoUxxeythQ6ooMzafkg3BW3x5mTTOq55b9e4vKrXrPI4iHMExnIEHl1CDW6iDDww4PMMrvDnSeXHenY95a8HJZw7hD5zPH34JjnM=</latexit><latexit 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sha1_base64="icz1DT6aEf9qlPYRyHX6xBE0Oa4=">AAAB73icbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA9SNgVQU8S8OIpRDAPSNYwO5lNhszOrjO9QljyE148KOLV3/Hm3zh5HDSxoKGo6qa7K0ikMOi6387S8srq2npuI7+5tb2zW9jbr5s41YzXWCxj3Qyo4VIoXkOBkjcTzWkUSN4IBjdjv/HEtRGxusdhwv2I9pQIBaNopWbljFQespNRp1B0S+4EZJF4M1KEGaqdwle7G7M04gqZpMa0PDdBP6MaBZN8lG+nhieUDWiPtyxVNOLGzyb3jsixVbokjLUthWSi/p7IaGTMMApsZ0Sxb+a9sfif10oxvPIzoZIUuWLTRWEqCcZk/DzpCs0ZyqEllGlhbyWsTzVlaCPK2xC8+ZcXSf285Lkl7+6iWL6exZGDQziCU/DgEspwC1WoAQMJz/AKb86j8+K8Ox/T1iVnNnMAf+B8/gDaFI8r</latexit><latexit 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sha1_base64="icz1DT6aEf9qlPYRyHX6xBE0Oa4=">AAAB73icbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA9SNgVQU8S8OIpRDAPSNYwO5lNhszOrjO9QljyE148KOLV3/Hm3zh5HDSxoKGo6qa7K0ikMOi6387S8srq2npuI7+5tb2zW9jbr5s41YzXWCxj3Qyo4VIoXkOBkjcTzWkUSN4IBjdjv/HEtRGxusdhwv2I9pQIBaNopWbljFQespNRp1B0S+4EZJF4M1KEGaqdwle7G7M04gqZpMa0PDdBP6MaBZN8lG+nhieUDWiPtyxVNOLGzyb3jsixVbokjLUthWSi/p7IaGTMMApsZ0Sxb+a9sfif10oxvPIzoZIUuWLTRWEqCcZk/DzpCs0ZyqEllGlhbyWsTzVlaCPK2xC8+ZcXSf285Lkl7+6iWL6exZGDQziCU/DgEspwC1WoAQMJz/AKb86j8+K8Ox/T1iVnNnMAf+B8/gDaFI8r</latexit><latexit 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  • 15. Thick Lens Eye Model N<latexit sha1_base64="xC4WQGpW4aYStRlrheUI+mglWFM=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lE0JMUvHiSFuwHtKFstpN27WYTdjdCCf0FXjwo4tWf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpAIro3rfjuFtfWNza3idmlnd2//oHx41NJxqhg2WSxi1QmoRsElNg03AjuJQhoFAtvB+Hbmt59QaR7LBzNJ0I/oUPKQM2qs1Ljvlytu1Z2DrBIvJxXIUe+Xv3qDmKURSsME1brruYnxM6oMZwKnpV6qMaFsTIfYtVTSCLWfzQ+dkjOrDEgYK1vSkLn6eyKjkdaTKLCdETUjvezNxP+8bmrCaz/jMkkNSrZYFKaCmJjMviYDrpAZMbGEMsXtrYSNqKLM2GxKNgRv+eVV0rqoem7Va1xWajd5HEU4gVM4Bw+uoAZ3UIcmMEB4hld4cx6dF+fd+Vi0Fpx85hj+wPn8AaVdjM4=</latexit><latexit 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sha1_base64="TTbh67/pSrJ7wwXueBp/Nb100P8=">AAAB7HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbRU0lE0JMUvHiSCqYttLFsttN26WYTdjdCCf0NXjwo4tUf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpgIro3rfjuFldW19Y3iZmlre2d3r7x/0NBxqhj6LBaxaoVUo+ASfcONwFaikEahwGY4upn6zSdUmsfywYwTDCI6kLzPGTVW8u8es9NJt1xxq+4MZJl4OalAjnq3/NXpxSyNUBomqNZtz01MkFFlOBM4KXVSjQllIzrAtqWSRqiDbHbshJxYpUf6sbIlDZmpvycyGmk9jkLbGVEz1IveVPzPa6emfxVkXCapQcnmi/qpICYm089JjytkRowtoUxxeythQ6ooMzafkg3BW3x5mTTOq55b9e4vKrXrPI4iHMExnIEHl1CDW6iDDww4PMMrvDnSeXHenY95a8HJZw7hD5zPH34JjnM=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="TTbh67/pSrJ7wwXueBp/Nb100P8=">AAAB7HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbRU0lE0JMUvHiSCqYttLFsttN26WYTdjdCCf0NXjwo4tUf5M1/47bNQVsfDDzem2FmXpgIro3rfjuFldW19Y3iZmlre2d3r7x/0NBxqhj6LBaxaoVUo+ASfcONwFaikEahwGY4upn6zSdUmsfywYwTDCI6kLzPGTVW8u8es9NJt1xxq+4MZJl4OalAjnq3/NXpxSyNUBomqNZtz01MkFFlOBM4KXVSjQllIzrAtqWSRqiDbHbshJxYpUf6sbIlDZmpvycyGmk9jkLbGVEz1IveVPzPa6emfxVkXCapQcnmi/qpICYm089JjytkRowtoUxxeythQ6ooMzafkg3BW3x5mTTOq55b9e4vKrXrPI4iHMExnIEHl1CDW6iDDww4PMMrvDnSeXHenY95a8HJZw7hD5zPH34JjnM=</latexit><latexit 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sha1_base64="icz1DT6aEf9qlPYRyHX6xBE0Oa4=">AAAB73icbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA9SNgVQU8S8OIpRDAPSNYwO5lNhszOrjO9QljyE148KOLV3/Hm3zh5HDSxoKGo6qa7K0ikMOi6387S8srq2npuI7+5tb2zW9jbr5s41YzXWCxj3Qyo4VIoXkOBkjcTzWkUSN4IBjdjv/HEtRGxusdhwv2I9pQIBaNopWbljFQespNRp1B0S+4EZJF4M1KEGaqdwle7G7M04gqZpMa0PDdBP6MaBZN8lG+nhieUDWiPtyxVNOLGzyb3jsixVbokjLUthWSi/p7IaGTMMApsZ0Sxb+a9sfif10oxvPIzoZIUuWLTRWEqCcZk/DzpCs0ZyqEllGlhbyWsTzVlaCPK2xC8+ZcXSf285Lkl7+6iWL6exZGDQziCU/DgEspwC1WoAQMJz/AKb86j8+K8Ox/T1iVnNnMAf+B8/gDaFI8r</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="icz1DT6aEf9qlPYRyHX6xBE0Oa4=">AAAB73icbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA9SNgVQU8S8OIpRDAPSNYwO5lNhszOrjO9QljyE148KOLV3/Hm3zh5HDSxoKGo6qa7K0ikMOi6387S8srq2npuI7+5tb2zW9jbr5s41YzXWCxj3Qyo4VIoXkOBkjcTzWkUSN4IBjdjv/HEtRGxusdhwv2I9pQIBaNopWbljFQespNRp1B0S+4EZJF4M1KEGaqdwle7G7M04gqZpMa0PDdBP6MaBZN8lG+nhieUDWiPtyxVNOLGzyb3jsixVbokjLUthWSi/p7IaGTMMApsZ0Sxb+a9sfif10oxvPIzoZIUuWLTRWEqCcZk/DzpCs0ZyqEllGlhbyWsTzVlaCPK2xC8+ZcXSf285Lkl7+6iWL6exZGDQziCU/DgEspwC1WoAQMJz/AKb86j8+K8Ox/T1iVnNnMAf+B8/gDaFI8r</latexit><latexit 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  • 16. Thick Lens Eye Model C<latexit sha1_base64="2fSk2+SINBePMeF96QdrqgCKgZU=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lE0JMUevHYgv2ANpTNdtKu3WzC7kYoob/AiwdFvPqTvPlv3LY5aOuDgcd7M8zMCxLBtXHdb6ewsbm1vVPcLe3tHxwelY9P2jpOFcMWi0WsugHVKLjEluFGYDdRSKNAYCeY1Od+5wmV5rF8MNME/YiOJA85o8ZKzfqgXHGr7gJknXg5qUCOxqD81R/GLI1QGiao1j3PTYyfUWU4Ezgr9VONCWUTOsKepZJGqP1sceiMXFhlSMJY2ZKGLNTfExmNtJ5Gge2MqBnrVW8u/uf1UhPe+hmXSWpQsuWiMBXExGT+NRlyhcyIqSWUKW5vJWxMFWXGZlOyIXirL6+T9lXVc6te87pSu8vjKMIZnMMleHADNbiHBrSAAcIzvMKb8+i8OO/Ox7K14OQzp/AHzucPlLGMww==</latexit><latexit 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  • 17. Thick Lens Eye Model C<latexit sha1_base64="2fSk2+SINBePMeF96QdrqgCKgZU=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lE0JMUevHYgv2ANpTNdtKu3WzC7kYoob/AiwdFvPqTvPlv3LY5aOuDgcd7M8zMCxLBtXHdb6ewsbm1vVPcLe3tHxwelY9P2jpOFcMWi0WsugHVKLjEluFGYDdRSKNAYCeY1Od+5wmV5rF8MNME/YiOJA85o8ZKzfqgXHGr7gJknXg5qUCOxqD81R/GLI1QGiao1j3PTYyfUWU4Ezgr9VONCWUTOsKepZJGqP1sceiMXFhlSMJY2ZKGLNTfExmNtJ5Gge2MqBnrVW8u/uf1UhPe+hmXSWpQsuWiMBXExGT+NRlyhcyIqSWUKW5vJWxMFWXGZlOyIXirL6+T9lXVc6te87pSu8vjKMIZnMMleHADNbiHBrSAAcIzvMKb8+i8OO/Ox7K14OQzp/AHzucPlLGMww==</latexit><latexit 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  • 18.
  • 20. Visual Acuity Falls off in the Periphery Fovea Periphery With Motion
  • 21.
  • 24. Is ocular parallax visible in VR? 20/100 20/200 20/70 20/50 20/40 20/30 20/25 20/20
  • 25. Is ocular parallax visible in VR? Does ocular parallax aid in? depth perception? 20/100 20/200 20/70 20/50 20/40 20/30 20/25 20/20
  • 26. Is ocular parallax visible in VR? Does ocular parallax aid in? depth perception? Does ocular parallax increase perceptual realism? 20/100 20/200 20/70 20/50 20/40 20/30 20/25 20/20
  • 29. Ocular Parallax Rendering Eye tracking required
  • 30. Ocular Parallax Rendering Eye tracking required
  • 31. Ocular Parallax Rendering Eye tracking required Standard Graphics Pipeline v0 = PVMv<latexit sha1_base64="G+LTPnxuJNfMe8ilnqLvrq+A0j4=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVUlE0I1ScONGqGAf0MQymU7aoTOTMDMplBBw46+4caGIW3/CnX/jNM1CWw9cOJxzL/feE8SMKu0431ZpaXllda28XtnY3NresXf3WipKJCZNHLFIdgKkCKOCNDXVjHRiSRAPGGkHo+up3x4TqWgk7vUkJj5HA0FDipE2Us8+8IIwHT+kXiwpJxnMLhut21zLenbVqTk54CJxC1IFBRo9+8vrRzjhRGjMkFJd14m1nyKpKWYkq3iJIjHCIzQgXUMF4kT5af5DBo+N0odhJE0JDXP190SKuFITHphOjvRQzXtT8T+vm+jwwk+piBNNBJ4tChMGdQSngcA+lQRrNjEEYUnNrRAPkURYm9gqJgR3/uVF0jqtuU7NvTur1q+KOMrgEByBE+CCc1AHN6ABmgCDR/AMXsGb9WS9WO/Wx6y1ZBUz++APrM8fVLWX7g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="G+LTPnxuJNfMe8ilnqLvrq+A0j4=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVUlE0I1ScONGqGAf0MQymU7aoTOTMDMplBBw46+4caGIW3/CnX/jNM1CWw9cOJxzL/feE8SMKu0431ZpaXllda28XtnY3NresXf3WipKJCZNHLFIdgKkCKOCNDXVjHRiSRAPGGkHo+up3x4TqWgk7vUkJj5HA0FDipE2Us8+8IIwHT+kXiwpJxnMLhut21zLenbVqTk54CJxC1IFBRo9+8vrRzjhRGjMkFJd14m1nyKpKWYkq3iJIjHCIzQgXUMF4kT5af5DBo+N0odhJE0JDXP190SKuFITHphOjvRQzXtT8T+vm+jwwk+piBNNBJ4tChMGdQSngcA+lQRrNjEEYUnNrRAPkURYm9gqJgR3/uVF0jqtuU7NvTur1q+KOMrgEByBE+CCc1AHN6ABmgCDR/AMXsGb9WS9WO/Wx6y1ZBUz++APrM8fVLWX7g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="G+LTPnxuJNfMe8ilnqLvrq+A0j4=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVUlE0I1ScONGqGAf0MQymU7aoTOTMDMplBBw46+4caGIW3/CnX/jNM1CWw9cOJxzL/feE8SMKu0431ZpaXllda28XtnY3NresXf3WipKJCZNHLFIdgKkCKOCNDXVjHRiSRAPGGkHo+up3x4TqWgk7vUkJj5HA0FDipE2Us8+8IIwHT+kXiwpJxnMLhut21zLenbVqTk54CJxC1IFBRo9+8vrRzjhRGjMkFJd14m1nyKpKWYkq3iJIjHCIzQgXUMF4kT5af5DBo+N0odhJE0JDXP190SKuFITHphOjvRQzXtT8T+vm+jwwk+piBNNBJ4tChMGdQSngcA+lQRrNjEEYUnNrRAPkURYm9gqJgR3/uVF0jqtuU7NvTur1q+KOMrgEByBE+CCc1AHN6ABmgCDR/AMXsGb9WS9WO/Wx6y1ZBUz++APrM8fVLWX7g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="G+LTPnxuJNfMe8ilnqLvrq+A0j4=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVUlE0I1ScONGqGAf0MQymU7aoTOTMDMplBBw46+4caGIW3/CnX/jNM1CWw9cOJxzL/feE8SMKu0431ZpaXllda28XtnY3NresXf3WipKJCZNHLFIdgKkCKOCNDXVjHRiSRAPGGkHo+up3x4TqWgk7vUkJj5HA0FDipE2Us8+8IIwHT+kXiwpJxnMLhut21zLenbVqTk54CJxC1IFBRo9+8vrRzjhRGjMkFJd14m1nyKpKWYkq3iJIjHCIzQgXUMF4kT5af5DBo+N0odhJE0JDXP190SKuFITHphOjvRQzXtT8T+vm+jwwk+piBNNBJ4tChMGdQSngcA+lQRrNjEEYUnNrRAPkURYm9gqJgR3/uVF0jqtuU7NvTur1q+KOMrgEByBE+CCc1AHN6ABmgCDR/AMXsGb9WS9WO/Wx6y1ZBUz++APrM8fVLWX7g==</latexit>