1. Regulatory ISSUES IN INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT S.P.Shorey August 2011

14. urbanplanningRegulatoryaspects-spshorey NO NATIONAL URBAN POLICY SO FAR Reports of the National Commission on Urbanisation, Government of India, 1988. Urban Development Plan Formulation and Implementation Guidelines (UDPFI), 1996. Government of India. National Slum Policy, Oct 2001. National Environment Policy, 2006 National Urban Housing and Habitat Policy- 2005. National Urban Transport Policy 2006.

16. Lewis Keeble- “We are concerned in town planning with”: S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A Ensuring accessibility aesthetics providing space for all urban needs deriving urban form based on topography separation of incompatible uses economy and efficiency.

32. urbanplanningRegulatoryaspects-spshorey National Environment Policy 2006 Approved by the Union Cabinet on 18 May, 2006 Environmentally Sensitive Zones Use of Economic Principles in Environmental Land Degradation Desert Ecosystems Forests and Wildlife Biodiversity, Traditional Knowledge and Natural Heritage Freshwater Resources River systems Groundwater Wetlands Mountain Ecosystems Coastal Resources Pollution Abatement Air Pollution Water Pollution Soil Pollution Noise Pollution Conservation of Manmade Heritage

34. Level-1 Level-II USE ZONE N A-N USE ZONE Residential 11 R-1 Primary Residential zone 12 R-2 Mixed Residential Zone 13 R-3 Unplanned / Informal Residential Zone Commercial 21 C-1 Retail Shopping Zone 22 C-2 General Business and Commercial District / Centers 23 C-3 Wholesale, Godowns, Warehousing / Regulated Markets Manufacturing 31 M-1 Service and Light Industry 32 M-2 Extensive and Heavy Industry 33 M-3 Special Industrial Zone Hazardous, Noxious and Chemical

35. Public and Semi-Public 41 PS-1 Govt./Semi Govt./Public Offices 42 PS-2 Govt. Land (use undetermined) 43 PS-3 Educational and Research 44 PS-4 Medical and Health 45 PS-5 Social Cultural and Religious 46 PS-6 Utilities and Services 47 PS-7 Cremation and Burial-grounds Recreational 51 P-1 Playgrounds/Stadium/Sports Complex 52 P-2 Parks & Gardens – Public Open Spaces 53 P-3 Special Recreational Zone – Restricted Open Spaces 54 P-4 Multi-Open Space (Maidan) Transportation and Communication 61 T-1 Roads 62 T-2 Railways 63 T-3 Airport 64 T-4 Seaports and Dockyards 65 T-5 Bus Depots/Truck Terminals and Freight Complexes 66 T-6 Transmission & Communication

36. Agriculture and Water Bodies 71 A-1 Agriculture 72 A-2 Forest 73 A-3 Poultry and Dairy Farming 74 A-4 Rural Settlements 75 A-5 Brick Kiln and Extractive Areas 76 A-6 Water Bodies Special Area 81 S-1 Old Built-up (Core) Area 82 S-2 Heritage and Conservation Areas 83 S-3 Scenic Value Areas 84 S-4 Village Settlement 85 S-5 Other Uses

38. C.2.10 RESIDENTIAL (R) In Residential Use Zones R (Primary Residential Zone, Mixed Residential Zone, Unplanned/Informal Residential Zone – i.e. R-1, R-2 & R-3), for general guidance, the following uses/activities are prescribed as permitted, permissible on an application to the Competent Authority and as prohibited. The buildings / premises are permitted for the following uses / activities on specific sites / locations indicated in the layout plan, action plan and project / scheme. Permitted Use/Activity Permissible Uses/Activities Prohibited Uses/Activities Residence – plotted, (detached, semi-detatched and row housing) group housing houses, residential-cum-work, hostels and boarding houses, night shelters, foreign missions, dharamshala, barat ghat, community hall, police post, guest houses, convenience shopping centres, local (retain shopping), medical, clinics, dispensaries, nursimg home and health centres (20 bed), professional offices, educational buildings: (nursery, primary, high school, college), research institutes, community centres, auditoriums, religious premises, weekly markets, library, gymnasium, part/totlots, plant nursery, technical training centre, yoga centres/health clinics, exhibition and art gallery, clubs, banks, police stations, taxi stand/three wheeler stands, bus stops, electrical distribution depot, water pumping station, post offices, hostels of non-commercial nature, kindergartens, public utilities and buildings except service and storage yards. Petrol pumps, motor vehicle repairing workshops / garages, household industry, bakeries and confectionaries, storage of LPG gas cylinders, burial grounds, restaurants and hotels, printing press, godowns / warehousing, bus depots without workshop, cinema halls, markets for retail goods, multipurpose or junior technical shops, transient visitors camp, municipal, state and central government offices. Heavy large and extensive industry: noxious, obnoxious and hazardous industries, warehousing, storage godowns of perishables, hazardous, inflammable goods, turnkey yards, workshops for buses etc., slaughter-housing, wholsale mandis, hospitals treating contagious diseases, sewage treatment plant / disposal work, water treatment plant, solid waste dumping yards, outdoor games stadium, indoor games stadium, shooting range, zoological garden, botonical garden, bird sanctuary, picnic hut, international conference centre, courts, sports training centre, reformatory, district batalian office, forensic science laboratory.

41. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A Comparative population densities In Hyderabad localities locality 2001 gross density PPH 2001 gross resid density (by assuming double) Jubilee hills 42 84 Banjara hills 57 114 Punjagutta 170 340 West Maredpally 248 496 Begumbazar 401 802 Nampally 453 906

42. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A Comparative population densities In Hyderabad localities locality 2001 gross density PPH 2001 gross resid density (by assuming double Chaderghat 590 1180 Kalasiguda 761 1522 Osmangunj 806 1612 Dabirpura 838 1676 Aghapura 1179 2358 Puranapul area 1344 2688 Gandhinagar, kavadiguda 1536 3072

43. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A FAR - Density relationship: A simplistic estimate Take an area of 10 Hectares or 25 acres. (as a block in the centre of a large city.) Total area 10 Hectares Or ( @ 1 Hectare = 10000 sqkm) 100000 sqm deduct roads & other common areas @ 50% (to take a higher figure) 50000 sqm balance area on plots on which buildings are built. 50000 sqm FAR /FSI- @ 4.00-gross , assumed based on five storied buildings occupying 80% ground coverage built up area on plots- 50000 sqm X 4.00 200000 sqm

44. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A FAR - Density relationship: contd. built up area on plots- 50000 sqm X 4.00 200000 sqm dwelling units based on 100 sqm /flat (1000 sqft) 2000 flats based on 5 persons per flat 10000 people on 10 hectares. gross residential density 1000 persons per hectare. The density figure will appreciably vary depending upon size of flat, percentage of area under roads and common areas and number of people per flat. 4.00 consumed FAR/FSI may thus give a Gross residential density range of say 750 to 1500 persons per hectare. density reached based on prescribed 2.00 FAR/FSI plus common areas ie nearly 2.5. prescribed 2.00 FAR /FSI will give gross residential area density range of 470 PPH to 940 PPH (not half because of common areas)

48. High FAR: Low FAR ? The “critical trade off”. (NCU 1988- expanded) S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A FAR Cost of land per built up area. Cost of construction Cost of land quoted by land owner Costs OPTIMISE ?

49. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A Model Building Byelaws. Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India. Also see Urban Development Plan Formulation & Implementation Guidelines. GOI

50. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A “ Bangalore Vision 2015 The Vision 2015 map defines a framework and general directions to spatially delineate the areas where development is to be focused and promoted. It provides a strategic vision for the city and forms the basis for the Draft Master Plan. The Master Plan has flagged the following “Principles”. 1. Respect the natural environment 2. Promote economic efficiency 3. Ensure social equity 4. Preserve historical heritage 5. Ensure efficient and affordable transport systems 6. Structure development in relation to a strategic transport network.

52. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A Bangalore 2015 Master Plan . Regulations.

53. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A Chennai Master Plan : Regulations for Multi Storied Buildings.

54. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A Delhi Master Plan - Feb 07 residential plot plotted housing FAR range 1.20 to 3.50 3.50 for the small plots upto 75sqm Residential plot group housing min plot 3000 sqm max coverage 33.3% max FAR 2.00 min 15% FAR or 35% DUs- (25-40 sqm) for EWS etc. Comml areas- max FAR 2.00

56. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A Mumbai & other Indian cities among the most densely populated. SOURCE http://alain-bertaud.com

74. Set back norms

81. Thank you very much

82. S.P.Shorey Sept. 2007 IIM A Environmental requirements