An insight into production of biodiesel from microalgae. Further, to use this technique in carbon dioxide sequestration.

1. BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM MICROALGAE BY
CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION - GREEN ENERGY.
SOMA SEKHAR SRIADIBHATLA*,G.BHARGAV BALAJI1
S.VEERABABU2.
DEPT.OF.ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY, ANDHRA UNIVERSITY.

2. OUTLINE
 INTROUCTION
 CARBON DIOXIDE AS A POLLUTANT??
 METHODOLOGY
 ADVANTAGES
 CONCLUSIONS
 REFERANCES & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.

3. INTRODUCTION
 This paper focuses on production of biodiesel from microalgae
which grow on flue(carbon dioxide) gas and thus a biological
method of carbon dioxide sequestration( biological mitigation)
 The algae are suitable to grow on harsh climatic conditions(pH,
temperature &salinity) and thus they can utilize the flue gases
containing high carbon dioxide content as well as nitrogen and
sulphur oxides as feedstock
 By algal cultivation using flue gases the carbon fixing can be
done and its percentage can be decreased in effluents which is
known as sequestration .
 The biomass of algae is used to produce biodiesel which is
done by using tranesterification process.

4. CARBON DIOXIDE AS A
POLLUTANT???
 [1]CO2 accounts for less than 1% of total atmospheric gases, its about
391ppm by volume as of 2011. It rose by 2.0ppm per year during
2000–2009.
 The numbers were below 300(ppm) i.e. below 0.03% by volume
before industrialization.
 Due to rapid industrialization and increase in traffic the percentage
of carbon dioxide is also increasing in atmosphere.
 Due to which green house effect is also increasing making earth
warmer.
 Oceans act a sink for carbon dioxide, so the dissolution of carbon
dioxide is increasing leading to the lowering of pH.
[1] The keeling curve of atmospheric CO2 concentrations measured at the Mauna Loa Observatory,
Hawaii. Tans Pieter, “Trends in carbon dioxide”.

5. 
This is for the year 2000 given by Environmental Protection Agency, USA.

6. METHODOLOGY
 Micro algae are adapted to scavenge environments they require
a particular amount carbon dioxide to carry out the metabolic
activities in order to contribute to their biomass growth.
 They have different kind of metabolisms viz.
photoautotrophically, heterotrophically & mixotrophically.
 The algal culture is carried out either in a photo bio reactor
(PBR) or open culture systems.
 The flue gas emission from an industry are used as nutrient for
algal growth and since they are rich in high CO2 content they
provide a better route for carbon bio fixation.
 Monoruphidium minutum, a green alga can assimilate the flue
gases for biomass production. Chlorococcum littorale shows
tolerance up to 40% CO2 and 420c temperatures.

7.  Algal harvesting consists of biomass recovery from culture
medium by using several steps sedimentation, centrifugation,
filtration and ultra filtration.
 The lipid content is extracted using solvents like hexa-ethanol
and biodiesel is produced by trans esterification technique.
 Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acid alkyl esters produced by the
above process it is blended with conventional diesel to use in
production and transportation sectors.

8. ADVANTAGES
 Easy to cultivate and low cost of production than compared to
other conventional production methods.
 Algal biodiesel contains no sulphur.
 Removal of GHG as they use flue gases for production of
biodiesel
 The left over residue after extracting biodiesel can be used as
manure for plant growth or other feedstock.
 This process shows carbon saving.
 Biodiesel is used as a substitute for conventional fuel and thus
decreases the fossil fuel dependency.

9. CONCLUSIONS
 Production of biodiesel by algal cultivation is a an economical
process when combined with carbon dioxide sequestration.
 Apart from saving the cost of raw materials it reduces GHG
emissions and converts the harmful thing to useful things.
 Grow plants, Go Green.
 Our motto being earthlings should be ,“ to maintain clean,
green &cool earth”.

10. REFERANCES &
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
 Journal of American chemical society.
 IPCC ARTICLE
 US GREEN HOUSE INVENTORY, EPA ARTICLE
 American Petroleum Institute. "Industry Sectors."
 Matthew R. Simmons, Twilight in the Desert The Coming Saudi Oil Shock and the World
Economy, John Wiley & Sons
 Ranked in order of 2007 worldwide oil equivalent reserves as reported in "OGJ 200/100", Oil
& Gas Journal
 NOAA, Office of Response and Restoration, Emergency Response Division, INCIDENT
 IXOTI I , NOAA.
 Nelson-Smith, Oil Pollution and Marine Ecology.
 Allison, D. (1995) Air Pollution.
 Wikipedia.
 ECOLOGY ENVIRONMENT AND POLLUTION BY SS PUROHIT,
 ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY BY S.S .DARA.

11.  S.A.S.VANI, my mother.
 Department of Engineering chemistry, Andhra university
 Department of Nuclear physics, Andhra university
 NCCCM,BARC, Hyderabad( A.P)
 My classmates integrated MS(applied chemistry).
 Department of Marine chemistry, Andhra university.

12. GO GREEN !!!

PROTECT ENVIRONMENT, PROTECT YOUR SELF