charles correa residential townships and hotels,belapur,kanchanjhungha , kovalam

1. BY-
SONAKSHI BHATTACHARJEE
114AROO24, P&A
NIT ROURKELA
http://im.rediff.com/news/2015/jun/17charles-correa.jpg

2. • Born in Hyderabad, India in 1930.
• Studied at the University of Michigan and
Massachusetts Institute of Technology .
• Established a private practice in Bombay in
1958.
• Awarded the RIBA Royal Gold Medal in 1984,
the Aalto Medal, and the UIA Gold Medal in
1990., the Aalto Medal in 1990, Aga Khan
award for architecture, Praemium Imperiale of
Japan ,Padma Shree (1972) and Padma
Vibhushan (2006) .
• Founded the Urban Design Research
Institute in Bombay in 1984.
INTRODUCTION
• References
Dennis Sharp. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Architects and Architecture.
New York: Quatro Publishing, 1991. ISBN 0-8230-2539-X. NA40.I45. p40.
• http://test.iabforum.com/a-place-in-the-shade-charles-correa/
PHILOSOPHIES

3. POST LIBERALISATION INDIA
• http://www.kamit.jp/25_dictionary/mumbai_2.jpg
• http://photos.wikimapia.org/p/00/04/13/15/86_big.jpg

4. PERVASIVE PRINCIPLES OF CORREA
Tropes employed:
• Courtyards and
terraces
• The ritualistic pathway
• Leisure
• Urbanization
• The machine for living
• Workspaces
• Metaphors
• Vernacular aspects
• Seen in primary phase of his career in India
• Modern / postmodern philosophies
• Seen in later phases of his career

5. HOTELS
BY
CHARLES CORREA

6. CAMA HOTEL,AHMEDABAD
1958-59
Whole volume supported
On stilts
Double height atrium
Subsequent changes made by owners ; make it look like
this at present.
https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/07/0d/19/1c/hotel-cama-ahmedabad.jpg

7. KOVALAM BEACH RESORT,KERALA
1969-1974
http://photos.wikimapia.org/p/00/01/97/45/71_big.jpg

8. Public and semi public area PLANNING
• The facilities had to be deployed in the manner
which would create a critical mass for each
activity and at a time open up several
strategic points on the site so as to increase
future growth options.
• The master plan there fore does not
concentrate all the facilities in one area , but
generate a large number of potential growth
points, thus allowing a more flexible response
to future demands .
TEXT REFERNCE- http://www.charlescorrea.net/

9. • Ref - THEarchiblog.wordpress.com
Section of detached unit
Section of main building
Unit floor plan

10. PRINCIPLES
• Cluster of detached units – “Kudils”
• • Stepped terrace that leads visually to the
beach
• • Subtle level changes having a certain
oriental character
• • Highly articulated living zones
• • Highly responsive resort with regional
character
• plaster walls with red tiled roofs
• MAIN PRINCIPLE: STEPPED
INTERLOCKING OF SPACES AND OPEN
TO SKY, VERNACULARISM REFERENC
ES-

11. CIDADE DE GOA, PANAJI
1978-1982
http://www.cidadedegoa.com/images/profile.jpg

12. DESIGN IDEAS
• CONTEXT
• Goa – a balanced polysymmetric city of
villages and towns.
• Land based economy of a colonial port city
• EXPRESSIONISM
• Siituated on a descending slope in zuari river
range
• Eldorado- Portuguese imagery (a city that
has no practical relevance).
• VISUAL IMAGERY
• Fragmented and kaleidoscopic series of
places
• KITSCH
• Trompe de l’oiel
• Goan nostalgia
• Sardonic art
• SEMIOTIC
• Main road leading to a ridge
• Plaza
• Extrovert balconies
• Artefacts and symbols of a typical city like
stage set
MAIN TROPE- METAPHOR

13. CONNOTATIONS
OF
A
CITY

14. RESIDENCES ,
APARTMENTS
&
TOWNSHIPS
BY
CHARLES CORREA

15. TUBE HOUSE,AHMEDABAD
1961-1962
• Complete anti-thesis of his ‘open-to-sky’
concept.
• Narrow dwelling, 12’ wide.
• Sloped roofs and vents situated at the point
of intersection, barely open to sky.
• To shield the house in the heat of the day,
protecting inner volume from the sun.

16. PAREKH HOUSE ,AHMEDABAD
1967-1968
• Design concept:
• Two pyramidal sections from housing types
developed for Cablenagar
• Summer section – to be used during daytime;
protects interior from heat
• Winter section – to be used in early mornings and
evenings; opens up the terraces to the sky
• Since site faces east-west, house consists of 3
bays
• Functional Aspects:
• cubical composition
• arrangement of spaces as per their time of use.

17. • Passive features
• A void is provided
• Louvered doors-it also cuts off the heat
and direct sun coming from the entrance.
• Level differences.
PLAN
• Other features:
• Over head pargolas-helps in shading the wall
during the day time.
• Recessed or Sunken windows-allows only
diffused light into the building.
• STEP PYRAMIDAL form of spaces inversing
with respect to the season.
• Garden space in front of the house.
• Material chosen-concrete and brick covering.
• Good climatic responsive building since 47
years of its construction

19. KORAMANGALAM HOUSE,BANGALORE
1985-1989
• The traditional courtyard houses of South India
represent a typology much older, and really quite
different, from that of the bungalows built by the
British.
• The traditional old Hindu houses in Tamil Nadu and
Goa are usually organised around a small central
courtyard, with a tree or tulsi plant in the middle.
• The front door, intentionally placed off-centre on the
main facade, leads one along a shifting axis to arrive
at the courtyard - which acts as the central focus, and
brings wonderful bounce-light and ventilation to the
rooms that surround it.
• TROPES- Courtyards and Terraces.

21. SONMARG APARTMENTS, MUMBAI
1961-1966
• This is an early attempt to deal with the
context and climate of Bombay.
• In order to create two lines of defence against
the rain and sun, a belt of auxiliary spaces
(verandahs, studies, dressing rooms, etc) is
arranged to form a zone of protection around
the main living areas.
• The apartment is on two levels with a
difference of 75 cm between the living room &
the main bedrooms Since there are only two
apartments per floor, each unit is open on
three sides, creating through-ventilation and a
subtle ambience of cross-light.

22. KANCHENJUNGA APARTMENTS,NAVI
MUMBAI
1970-1983

23. PLANS

24. THIS

25. CONCEPTS
MAIN PRINCIPLE: Subverts the traditional principles of
A bungalow veranda and applies them to a high-rise,
creating generous two-storey terraces within
geometrically-complex interlocking apartments.
The building had to be oriented east – west to
capture prevailing sea breeze and views to the city. But
also the orientation for hot sun and heavy rains

26. CONCEPTS
• Tower 1:4 proportion – 21m X 84m –
hosts 32 three or four bedroom luxury
apartments.
• Ingenious cellular planning – interlock
of one and a half storey,split-level
units.
• Smaller displacement of levels
differentiates external earth ;filled
terrace to interior elevated living
volumes
• Effectively shields the effects of both
sun and rain
• Tower with deep garden verandahs
(unite d habitation)
• MAIN PRINCIPLE: MODERNISM

27. TARA GROUP HOUSING, DELHI
1975-78
• Tara Apartment is one kind of social projects
that is intended for the middle-class of Nehru
center.
• Tara housing group has more than 125 units
and
375 persons per hectare.
• The Tara pays deeply attention to the inner
activities which are almost happen in the
central garden and leave the interaction of
traffic behind a wall which is parallel to Guru
Ravidas Marg Street( the South-East).

28. • SPATIAL ORGANIZATION AND PLANNING OF SPACES
• TROPES- COURTYARD AND RITUALISTIC PATHWAY
• CLIMATIC ADAPTABILITY

29. INTERIOR
SPACE
ORGANIZATION
FORM GENERATION
SECTION

30. BELAPUR HOUSING, MUMBAI
1983-1986

34. PRINCIPLES
OPEN TO SKY SPACES -Project
demonstrates how high density
housing (500 people per hectare)
can be achieved in a low-rise
typology, while including open to sky
spaces and services, like schools,
that the community requires
INCREMENTALITY- to give each
unit its own site to allow for
expansion
PARTICIPATION- Consequently,
families do not share walls with their
neighbors , allowing each to expand
INCOME GENERATION - Houses
constructed simply and can be built
by traditional masons and
craftsmen - generating
employment for local workers
PLURALISM - several plans exist
that cover the social spectrum,
from squatters to upper income
families
EQUITY (FAIRNESS) - Yet, the
footprint of each plan varies little in
size (from 45 sqm to 70 sqm),
maintaining equity (fairness) in the
community

35. PRESENT CONDITION

36. CRITICAL ANALYSIS
• careful development, understanding and
adaptation of Modernism to a non-western
culture.
• try to go beyond typical solutions to third world
problems.
• the use of local materials .
• focuses on the needs of local people with
regards to social needs and weather conditions,
and the use of locally-sourced produce and
craftsmanship.
• support the cultural identity of a place and
community and eventually lead to sustainable
architecture.

37. • References
[1] http://charlescorrea.net/ (19/03/2012)
[2] Khan, H. U., Charles Correa: Architects in India, Butterworth
Architecture, 1987
[3] Stiny, G. Introduction to Shape and Shape Grammars,
Environment and Planning B: Planning and
Design, Volume: 7, pages: 343-351, 1980
[4] Correa, C., The New Landscape: Urbanization in the Third World,
Butterworth Architecture, 1989
[5] Correa, C., The Blessing of The Sky (essay 7), Thames &
Hudson, London, 2000
http://charlescorrea.net/ (19/03/2012)
[6] http://www.bot.yildiz.edu.tr/_sites/mardin/Doc/Correa.pdf
(19/03/2012)
• http://archnet.org/authorities/9/publications/7098
• http://archnet.org/authorities/9/sites/1405
• http://www.ribabookshops.com/item/charles-correa-indias-greatest-
architect/80659/
• http://theculturetrip.com/asia/india/articles/charles-correa-the-people-
s-architect/
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Correa
• Charles Correa - Architect in India (page 62-65)
http://identityhousing.wordpress.com/2009/12/03/charles-correa-tara-
group-housing-delhi-1975-1978/
Low-Rise High-Density Housing_ A Feasible Alternative (HCMC
UARC – KULEUVEN, Bruno De Meulder, Kelly
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeUxo2omlHA
• http://www.architectureweek.com/2000/1011/news_1-2.html
• “Report from India: Current work of Correa” by H. Smith
Architectural Record, New York, v. 168 n. 1 (lug. 1980) p. 88-99
• “Open the Box” by Jim Murphy
Progressive Architecture, New York – vol.63 n. 10 (Ott), pp. 100-104
• “Charles Correa: Inspirations Indiennes”
Techniques & Architecture, Paris, n. 361 (aug. – sett. 1985), pp. 106-
117;
• http://identityhousing.wordpress.com/2009/12/03/charles-correa-
tara-grouphousing-delhi-1975-1978/
• magazines
• - H.Smith 'Report from India: Current Work of Correa',
Architectural Record, New York, July 1980, pp.88-89
• - 'Contemporary Asian Architecture', Process Architecture - 20,
Tokyo, November, 1980,pp.94-118
• Books
• - Hassan-Huddin, Khan. (1987). "Architect Charles Correa in
India", Mimar book, Butterworth architecture.
• - Balwant Singh Saini, Angus and Robertson "Building
environment", Sydney, 1973, p.97
• - Sir Banister Fletcher's "A History of Architecture", 19th Edition,
Butterworth, London, 1987, p.1494
• Web
• - http://www.charlescorrea.net/
• - http://www.archnet.org/

38. “
”
ARCHITECTURE IS NOT A QUEUE IN WHICH WE ALL HAVE TO
LINE UP, WITH PERHAPS THE AMERICANS AHEAD, OR THE
CHINESE BEHIND. NO, EACH OF US HAS THE OPPORTUNITY
TO BE ON THE CUTTING EDGE OF WHERE WE LIVE. NO ONE
ELSE CAN DO THAT. IT’S UP TO US TO UNDERSTAND THAT
OPPORTUNITY.
-
Thank you 