1. Welcome to
Camera/Sound
Bootcamp!
Bootcamp!
Bootcamp!
09/13/2013

2. Agenda
• Insurance
• How the human eye works & camera lens works
• Exposure
• Focus & Depth of field

3. Insurance
www.collegestudentinsurance.com
New York
School of Visual Arts
Policy Limit: $3000 - $20,000
Deductible: $25-$100
Premium: $74 - $329

4. Lab Objectives
After this lab, you will be able to
•Explain the difference between eyes & cameras
•Clarify the different types of sensors
•List three things that affect exposure
•List three things that affect depth of field
•Identify deep versus shallow focus

7. Eyes Cameras

8. Exposure
Amount of light that a
given medium requires
for image reproduction

9. Three determinants of exposure
•F-Stops
•Shutter speed
•Sensitivity

10. F-stops
• Within the lens housing is an opening made of moveable blades that
can be opened and closed, which determines the quantity of light
hitting the sensor.The opening is called an iris, or aperature.

11. F-stops
• The aperture is measured in f-stops - incremental settings on the
lens that indicate how large the opening is.

12. F-stops
f/2 or f/64f/2 or f/64 f/8 or f/16f/8 or f/16 f/16 or f/22f/16 or f/22

13. Shutter Speed
Aperature = how much light is allowed to strike the sensor
Shutter speed = how long the light is allowed to strike the sensor

14. Shutter Speed
QuickTime™ and a
GIF decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

16. QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

17. 1 sec
1/8
1/50
1/100
1/250
1/2000

18. Shutter Speed vs Frame Rate
How many individual frames are created each second.Shutter speed = Ho
individual frame is exposed for.

19. Film Shutter vs.Video Shutter
Film Shutter: a mechanical device (e.g. mirror)
Video shutter: adjusted by electronically varying the amount of time
the sensor is allowed to build a charge.
QuickTime™ and a
GIF decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

20. Sensitivity
• The third determinant of exposure is sensitivity, or how sensitive
the sensor is to light. Sensitivity is measure on a numerical scale
called ISO.
Low ISO
Less sensitive
Less noise
High ISO
More sensitive
More noise

22. What’s that noise?
• The higher the ISO rating (more
sensitive) the stronger the image
sensor has to work to establish an
effective image, which thereby
produces more digital noise (those
multi-colored speckles in the
shadows and in the midtones).
• So what is digital noise? It is any
light signal that does not originate
from the subject, and therefore
creates random color in an image.

24. Three determinants of exposure
•F-Stops
•Shutter speed
•Sensitivity

25. Lenses
•Type of lenses
•Angle of view
•Focal length

29. Three elements of Depth of Field
•Aperture
•Camera/subject
distance
•Focal length