Sioo Next 60 - Stefan Aarninkhof: Building With Nature
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Bekijk de powerpointpresenatie van dr. ir. Stefan Aarninkhof, ter ere van Sioo's jubileumevent 'Sioo Next 60'. Bijbehorende audio? https://soundcloud.com/user-97872026/sioo-next-60-podcast-3
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Sioo Next 60 - Stefan Aarninkhof: Building With Nature
- 1. 1 Building with Nature A paradigm shift in hydraulic engineering Stefan Aarninkhof Professor of Coastal Engineering Sioo Next 60 meeting Scheveningen, 27 November 2018
- 3. 3 Traditional coastal protection (Sea Palling, Norfolk UK)
- 4. 4 Preferred solution The Netherlands: Beach nourishment
- 5. 5 Trends in nourishment strategies • Volume increase • Variation layout and location • Natural diffusion of sediments along coast • Multiple functions
- 6. 6 Innovation: Sand Engine Delfland Sand Engine (2011)
- 7. 7 Key enabler (I): Understand the system Sand Motor (2017)Sand Motor (2011)
- 8. 8 Key enabler (II): Seize opportunities by adopting a broad perspective
- 9. 9 Key enabler (III): Early stakeholder engagement Ambitie overeenkomst Zandmotor (Maart 2008)
- 10. 10 ICON of Building with Nature Society BwN Building Nature “Develop infrastructure and at the same time use and create opportunities for nature and society”
- 11. 11 Ex.1: Houtribdijk reinforcement (NL)
- 12. 12 BwN solution: Nature-based flood defence (vegetated foreshore) Emmanuelpolder, Westernscheldt (NL) Houtribdijk nature-based flood defence (artist impression)
- 13. 13 Nature-based flood defence Vegetated foreshores (Vuik et al, 2016) Ex.2: Erosion of mangrove shorelines Demak (Indonesia)
- 14. 14 BwN solution: Trap sediment to enable natural mangrove restoration
- 15. 15 Ex.3: Cliffe Pools Wetland restoration (UK)
- 16. 16 Building with Nature: A paradigm shift in hydraulic engineering
- 17. 17 Building with Nature: A paradigm shift in hydraulic engineering • Think, act and interact differently • Key-enablers for implementation: – Fundamental knowledge of natural system – Added value through multi-disciplinary collaboration – Early stakeholder engagement – Modern-day institutional arrangements and evaluation frameworks • Use intrinsic motivation of students and young professionals to initiate culture change
- 18. 18 Alternative: Sand groynes (Courtesy Roderik Hoekstra, TUD/Deltares)Questions? Hondsbossche Duinen (2018)
Notas do Editor
- Stefan Aarninkhof, heb gewerkt als adviseur bij onderzoeksinstituut, in aannemerij en nu hoogleraar TUD. Heeft ervaring met veranderen . Veranderkunde = interventiekunde. Daar ligt grote parallel met de praktijk van de ingenieur.
- Increasing pressure on deltas & shorelines: 80% of world population lives in low-land urban areas by 2050 (Waterman and others) Therefore: Ongoing need for marine infrastructure development Coastal safety / protection against flooding (example: Thailand, 2011) Navigation & World Trade (with increasing prosperity) -> Ongoing needed for port facilities including navigation channels Natural values, economic assets, recreation -> Shoreline protection, beach nourisments Pressures are reinforced by climate change (-> higher water levels, bigger storm events; picture from Porthleven, Cornwall UK) “Enabling Delta Life” With 80% of the world's population living in lowland urban areas by 2050 and demands on the quality of living increasing, sustainable development of deltas and shorelines becomes increasingly urgent as well as complex. Societal demands on coastal safety, food production, energy and global trade call for ongoing development and implementation of coastal protection schemes, land reclamations and port infrastructure. The effects of climate change introduce further pressures, thus emphasizing the importance of the coastal engineering profession to both inform and lead critical decisions that society will face in the coming 1 – 2 decades.
- Sea defences at Sea Palling in Norfolk The massive sand dunes along this stretch of coast are protected by rocks and a concrete wall. In addition artificial reefs have been built just off the coast. During the 1953 storm surge at Sea Palling in East Anglia (Figure 1, right), the sea overtopped the dunes and seven people drowned. Following that event, a sea wall was built to protect the village from further risk. In recent years, however, the sea has begun to undercut these defences, and a series of shore parallel breakwaters were installed in conjunction with beach recharge in an attempt to protect the earlier sea wall (Figure 2). These new breakwaters were designed to better retain the sand and hence continue the protection to that part of the coast. However, they have performed better than expected at this site and the first breakwater on the northern updrift end of the structures now has a permanent tombolo linking the breakwater to the shore, interrupting the flow of sediment down the coast.
- Coastal Protection on the West Coast of Jutland North sea waves and currents, causing coastal erosion, constantly affect the West Coast of Jutland. Without coastal protection, the erosion would mean a coastline recession of up to 8 m a year in some places. Picture: Combined coastal protection at Thyborøn with both groynes from 1880s and nourishment activities. Nourishment preferred solution (NL) Dynamic Preservation Policy Since 1990 Sustainable preservation of Coastal functions and values Operational goals Maintain the coastline at a position seaward of the reference coastline 1991 (BKL) Add sufficient sediment to the coastal foundation to keep up with SLR (2001)
- Scale increase in nourishments Dyn. Pres. Policy: 6 mln (1990) -> 12 mln m3/yr (2011) Delta Commission (2008): 40-85 mln m3/yr (2100) Delta Commisioner (2018): Further climate-induced increase? Driver for innovations in nourishment design Concentrated mega-nourishments Use forces of nature to diffuse sand along shoreline Integrated design
- Explain background of Sand Engine 21 mln m3 sand = estimated total maintenance volume for 20 years (20 km shoreline) Three-fold objectives: (i) Safety, (ii) Nature + recreation, (iii) innovation Many stakeholders involved, complex decision making Mega-nourisment: 21,5 mln m3 sand over 2 km beach (extending 1 km seaward) Designed to meet integral objectives Guarantee long-term safety Benefit to nature development and recreation Promote innovations in Coastal Zone Management Fast decision making in complex gov context Construction completed in June 2011 Large public attention
- Understand the system -> distribution of sediments alongshore. Scheveningen tot HvH, zand gaat verloren van zandmotor, zet zich elders af.
- Bekijk het systeem van meerdere kanten -> multi-objective design
- Vroegtijdig meenemen
- Van reactief naar proactief Van defensief (mitigatie, compensatie) naar offensief: Creer mogelijkheden Op basis van multi-disciplinaire samenwerking, open houding in driehoek engineering – ecologie - bestuurskunde Multi-objective design
- Erosie ~1000m in 10 jaar. Gevolg van grootschalige aquacultuur -> originele mangrove belt verdwenen.
- Many examples: Maasvlakte-2, all the projects in Australia (Great Barrier Reef, Melbourne) – but nowadays also in Africa (often has to do with financing from World Bank and other Development Banks): Massive increase of environmental awareness amongst project developers, legislators and contractors. On top of that: Raised environmental awareness amongst general public, and also amongst younger generations -> our students of the future!