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Vincent Willem van Gogh (Dutch:1853–1890)
Summing Up
CARREER
• self-taught.
• he collected prints
and reproductions -
Millet.
• misunderstood,
tormented artist.
STYLE
• An early dark, Realist
style
• a later colorful
expressionistic style.
• Landscapes, still lives,
portraits and self-
portraits,
characterized by bold
colours and
expressive brushwork
FAME
• Diary-like
correspondence in
particular with his
brother, Theo.
• His suicide at 37
followed years of
mental illness and
poverty.
CLIL - Liceo "Agnesi" Milano Silvia Caldarini

Early Period
• Born into an upper-middle-class
family.
• He worked as an art dealer,
often travelling.
• Protestant missionary in
southern Belgium.
• He took up painting in 1881. His
younger brother Theo supported
him.
• His early works, mostly still-lifes
and depictions of peasant
laborers;
• dark colurs
Tree Roots in a Sandy Ground ("Les Racines"),
Pencil, black chalk, brush in ink, brown and grey
wash, opaque watercolour on watercolour paper,
51.5 x 70.7 cm. The Hague: April-May, 1882.
Otterlo, Kröller-Müller Museum

Van Gogh, The Potato Eaters, 1885. Oil
on canvas, 82 cm × 114 cm. Van Gogh
Museum, Amsterdam
Jean-François Millet, The Gleaners, 1857.
Oil on canvas,84 cm x 112 cm Musée
d'Orsay, Paris.
Edgard Degas, The Bellelli Family, 1858,-
’67. Oil on canvas,84 cm x 112 cm Musée
d'Orsay, Paris.

His Stay in Paris (‘86-’88):
a Neo-impressionist Style
• In 1886 he moved to Paris: he
met Toulouse Lautrec,
Monet, Degas, Renoir,
Seurat, Émile Bernard and
Paul Gauguin.
• The works of the Japanese
Hiroshige and Hokusai greatly
influenced him, both for the
subject matter and the style
of flat patterns of colors without
shadow.
• His paintings grew brighter in
colour as he developed his
personal style.
Van Gogh, The Portrait of Père
Tanguy, 1887-’88. Oil on Canvas,
92×75 cm. Musée Rodin, Paris

1888 - Arles
The Yellow House was completely
unsuitable for a studio and he
mainly worked out of doors.
The landscapes of area around
Arles with its trees, hills, bridges,
huts became his main theme.

VAN GOGH (1853-1890), Vase with
Fifteen Sunflowers, August and
September 1888. Oil on canvas,
93×73 cm. National Gallery, London
• Waiting for Gauguin to
arrive, VG painted a
series of sunflowers to
decorate his friend’s
bedroom.
• 4 paintings
• They were meant as a
sign of friendship and
welcome
• He and Gauguin
worked together
throughout October
and December 1888.
Symbols of happiness

Van Gogh, Self-Portrait
Dedicated to Paul Gauguin, 1888

The Later Period
• The alliance was to end in
disaster.
• Van Gogh entered an asylum at
Saint-Rémy.
• He moved to Auvers-sur-Oise
near Paris, he came under the
care of the doctor Paul Gachet.
• His depression continued and on
27 July 1890, Van Gogh shot
himself in the chest with a
revolver. He died from his
injuries two days later.
His artistic legacy:
• elements of his style came to be
incorporated by the Fauves and
German Expresionists.
Vincent Van Gogh, Docteur Paul Gachet,
Auvers, 1890, oil on canvas, Musee
d'Orsay, 68 x 57 cm

Beyond Reality:
Invention, Remembrance
and Observation
Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night,
1889, oil on canvas, 73.7 x 92.1 cm.
(The Museum of Modern Art)
This morning I saw the country from my
window a long time before sunrise, with
nothing but the morning star, which
looked very big," (Vincent to Theo
1889)
Van Gogh mentioned it briefly in his
letters as a simple “study of night” or
”night effect.”
“… but I feel that the search for style
takes away the real sentiment of
things” (Theo to Vincent October
1889).
it “…might give others the idea of doing
night effects better than I do.” (Vincent
to Theo 1889)
https://www.moma.org/multimedia/audi
o/371/5305

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